scholarly journals Coated inclusions of finite conductivity neutral to multiple fields in two-dimensional conductivity or anti-plane elasticity

2014 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 329-338 ◽  
Author(s):  
HYEONBAE KANG ◽  
HYUNDAE LEE
Keyword(s):  
Plane Elasticity ◽  
Finite Conductivity ◽  
Uniform Field ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
The Core ◽  
Linearly Independent

We consider the problem of neutral inclusions for two-dimensional conductivity and anti-plane elasticity. The neutral inclusion, when inserted in a matrix having a uniform field, does not disturb the field outside the inclusion. The inclusion consists of a core and a shell. We show that if the inclusion is neutral to two linearly independent fields, then the core and the shell are confocal ellipses.

Study of Flow-Induced Vibrations of a Plate in Narrow Channels

1967 ◽  
Vol 89 (4) ◽  
pp. 824-830 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. R. Bland ◽  
R. H. Rhyne ◽  
H. B. Pierce
Keyword(s):  
Rocket Engine ◽  
Strong Dependence ◽  
Narrow Channel ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Rigid Plate ◽  
Narrow Channels ◽  
The Core ◽  
Flow Induced Vibrations ◽  
Nuclear Rocket ◽  
Time Of Failure

Vibration phenomena associated with narrow channel flow have come under study as a result of the core failure of an early nuclear rocket engine. Since the mechanism of this vibration instability was not well understood at the time of failure, an investigation of a simple system consisting of a rigid plate with two degrees of spring-restrained freedom in a two-dimensional channel has been made both experimentally and analytically. The results show a strong dependence of the flow rate required for plate oscillation on the channel width (normal to plate).

2. Close inspection

2014 ◽  
pp. 22-42
Author(s):  
Christopher Hall
Keyword(s):  
Internal Structure ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Material Behaviour ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Close Inspection ◽  
Robert Hooke ◽  
3 Dimensional ◽  
The Core ◽  
Electron Microscopes

‘Close inspection’ explains that at the core of materials science is the understanding of the internal structure of materials. If we don’t understand the internal structure we shall struggle to explain or to predict material behaviour. If we want to alter the behaviour to make better materials, we probably need to re-engineer the architecture inside. This understanding has been made possible with the development of microscopy, beginning in the 17th century with Robert Hooke and Anton van Leeuwenhoek. Development of X-ray diffraction and electron microscopes has provided atomic resolution leading to improved crystallography and lattice theories for 3-dimensional crystals. Two-dimensional crystals such as graphene and 1-dimensional carbon nanotubes are also described.

scholarly journals Particle Acceleration in Collisionless Magnetic Reconnection

2001 ◽  
Vol 203 ◽  
pp. 555-557
Author(s):  
P. K. Browning ◽  
G. E. Vekstein
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Field Component ◽  
Charged Particles ◽  
Energy Spectra ◽  
Uniform Field ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Point Field ◽  
Field Geometry ◽  
Collisionless Reconnection ◽  
Accelerated Particles

We investigate the acceleration of charged particles in the framework of collisionless reconnection. A steady reconnection scenario is considered, with a two dimensional X-point magnetic field geometry having also a uniform field component transverse to the plane of the X-point field, and an inductive electric field generating an inflow of particles. Test particle trajectories are studied, and the energy spectra of the accelerated particles are determined.

Corrugated SNOM probe with enhanced energy throughput

2008 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Antosiewicz ◽  
T. Szoplik
Keyword(s):  
Near Field ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Energy Output ◽  
Dipolar Field ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
The Core ◽  
Dimensional Approximation ◽  
New Type ◽  
Difference Time ◽  
Main Factor

AbstractIn a previous paper we proposed a modification of metal-coated tapered-fibre aperture probes for scanning near-field optical microscopes (SNOMs). The modification consists in radial corrugations of the metal-dielectric interface oriented inward the core. Their purpose is to facilitate the excitation of surface plasmons, which increase the transport of energy beyond the cut-off diameter and radiate a quasi-dipolar field from the probe output rim. An increase in energy output allows for reduction of the apex diameter, which is the main factor determining the resolution of the microscope. In two-dimensional finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) simulations we analyse the performance of the new type of SNOM probe. We admit, however, that the two-dimensional approximation gives better results than expected from exact three-dimensional ones. Nevertheless, optimisation of enhanced energy throughput in corrugated probes should lead to at least twice better resolution with the same sensitivity of detectors available nowadays.

scholarly journals Deformed K− nuclei in the Skyrme–Hartree–Fock approach

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yun Jin ◽  
Chao Feng Chen ◽  
Xian-Rong Zhou ◽  
Yi-Yuan Cheng ◽  
H-J Schulze
Keyword(s):  
Complete Loss ◽  
Skyrme Force ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Deformed Nuclei ◽  
Hartree Fock ◽  
The Core ◽  
Maximum Value ◽  
Deformation Properties ◽  
Kaonic Nuclei

Abstract The properties of kaonic nuclei are studied using a two-dimensional Skyrme–Hartree–Fock model with a $KN$ Skyrme force. We focus in particular on the instability of the solutions for a too strong $KN$ interaction, which determines a maximum value of the kaon binding in this approach. We then analyze the change of the deformation properties of several core-deformed nuclei caused by the added kaon, and find a shrinking of the core and in some cases a complete loss of deformation.

scholarly journals Characterization of the translocon of the outer envelope of chloroplasts

2003 ◽  
Vol 160 (4) ◽  
pp. 541-551 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enrico Schleiff ◽  
Jürgen Soll ◽  
Michael Küchler ◽  
Werner Kühlbrandt ◽  
Roswitha Harrer
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Interior Structure ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Outer Envelope ◽  
Core Complex ◽  
The Core ◽  
Precursor Proteins ◽  
Stable Core

The protein translocon of the outer envelope of chloroplasts (Toc) consists of the core subunits Toc159, Toc75, and Toc34. To investigate the molecular structure, the core complex was purified. This core complex has an apparent molecular mass of ∼500 kD and a molecular stoichiometry of 1:4:4–5 between Toc159, Toc75, and Toc34. The isolated translocon recognizes both transit sequences and precursor proteins in a GTP-dependent manner, suggesting its functional integrity. The complex is embedded by the lipids phosphatidylcholine and digalactosyldiacylglyceride. Two-dimensional structural analysis by EM revealed roughly circular particles consistent with the formation of a stable core complex. The particles show a diameter of ∼130 Å with a solid ring and a less dense interior structure. A three-dimensional map obtained by random conical tilt reconstruction of electron micrographs suggests that a “finger”-like central region separates four curved translocation channels within one complex.

scholarly journals Winding number selection on merons by Gaussian curvature’s sign

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo Gabriel Elías ◽  
Nicolás Vidal-Silva ◽  
Vagson L. Carvalho-Santos
Keyword(s):  
Gaussian Curvature ◽  
Domain Walls ◽  
Curved Surfaces ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Winding Number ◽  
Direct Relation ◽  
Topological Properties ◽  
The Core ◽  
Magnetic Surfaces ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract We study the relationship between the winding number of magnetic merons and the Gaussian curvature of two-dimensional magnetic surfaces. We show that positive (negative) Gaussian curvatures privilege merons with positive (negative) winding number. As in the case of unidimensional domain walls, we found that chirality is connected to the polarity of the core. Both effects allow to predict the topological properties of metastable states knowing the geometry of the surface. These features are related with the recently predicted Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya emergent term of curved surfaces. The presented results are at our knowledge the first ones drawing attention about a direct relation between geometric properties of the surfaces and the topology of the hosted solitons.

A vortex-street model of the flow in the similarity region of a two-dimensional free turbulent jet

1982 ◽  
Vol 123 ◽  
pp. 523-535 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. W. Oler ◽  
V. W. Goldschmidt
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Reynolds Stress ◽  
Turbulent Jet ◽  
Vortex Street ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Mean Flow ◽  
Mean Velocity ◽  
The Core ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Similarity Relationships

The mean-velocity profiles and entrainment rates in the similarity region of a two-dimensional jet are generated by a simple superposition of Rankine vortices arranged to represent a vortex street. The spacings between the vortex centres, their two-dimensional offsets from the centreline, as well as the core radii and circulation strengths, are all governed by similarity relationships and based upon experimental data.Major details of the mean flow field such as the axial and lateral mean-velocity components and the magnitude of the Reynolds stress are properly determined by the model. The sign of the Reynolds stress is, however, not properly predicted.

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