scholarly journals Expansion for the critical point of site percolation: the first three terms

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-25
Author(s):  
Markus Heydenreich ◽  
Kilian Matzke
Keyword(s):  
Critical Point ◽  
Lace Expansion ◽  
Site Percolation ◽  
Hypercubic Lattice ◽  
Powers Of 2

Abstract We expand the critical point for site percolation on the d-dimensional hypercubic lattice in terms of inverse powers of 2d, and we obtain the first three terms rigorously. This is achieved using the lace expansion.

scholarly journals Critical Site Percolation in High Dimension

2020 ◽  
Vol 181 (3) ◽  
pp. 816-853
Author(s):  
Markus Heydenreich ◽  
Kilian Matzke
Keyword(s):  
High Dimension ◽  
Critical Exponents ◽  
Mean Field ◽  
High Dimensions ◽  
Lace Expansion ◽  
Site Percolation ◽  
Triangle Condition ◽  
Hypercubic Lattice ◽  
Infra Red ◽  
Critical Site

Abstract We use the lace expansion to prove an infra-red bound for site percolation on the hypercubic lattice in high dimension. This implies the triangle condition and allows us to derive several critical exponents that characterize mean-field behavior in high dimensions.

The Self-Avoiding-Walk and Percolation Critical Points in High Dimensions

1995 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 197-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takashi Hara ◽  
Gordon Slade
Keyword(s):  
Critical Point ◽  
Error Bound ◽  
The Self ◽  
Nearest Neighbour ◽  
High Dimensions ◽  
Lace Expansion ◽  
Connective Constant ◽  
Rigorous Error ◽  
Self Avoiding Walk ◽  
Self Avoiding Walks

We prove the existence of an asymptotic expansion in the inverse dimension, to all orders, for the connective constant for self-avoiding walks on ℤd. For the critical point, defined as the reciprocal of the connective constant, the coefficients of the expansion are computed through orderd−6, with a rigorous error bound of orderd−7Our method for computing terms in the expansion also applies to percolation, and for nearest-neighbour independent Bernoulli bond percolation on ℤdgives the 1/d-expansion for the critical point through orderd−3, with a rigorous error bound of orderd−4The method uses the lace expansion.

THE LACE EXPANSION FOR SELF-AVOIDING WALK IN FIVE OR MORE DIMENSIONS

1992 ◽  
Vol 04 (02) ◽  
pp. 235-327 ◽  
Author(s):  
TAKASHI HARA ◽  
GORDON SLADE
Keyword(s):  
Random Walk ◽  
Critical Point ◽  
Simple Random Walk ◽  
Companion Paper ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Lace Expansion ◽  
Connective Constant ◽  
Elementary Methods ◽  
Self Avoiding Walk ◽  
Proof Of Convergence

This paper is a continuation of the companion paper [14], in which it was proved that the standard model of self-avoiding walk in five or more dimensions has the same critical behaviour as the simple random walk, assuming convergence of the lace expansion. In this paper we prove the convergence of the lace expansion, an upper and lower infrared bound, and a number of other estimates that were used in the companion paper. The proof requires a good upper bound on the critical point (or equivalently a lower bound on the connective constant). In an appendix, new upper bounds on the critical point in dimensions higher than two are obtained, using elementary methods which are independent of the lace expansion. The proof of convergence of the lace expansion is computer assisted. Numerical aspects of the proof, including methods for the numerical evaluation of simple random walk quantities such as the two-point function (or lattice Green function), are treated in an appendix.

The Critical Point Drying Method Applied to Scanning Electron Microscopy of L-929 Cells

1970 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 278-279
Author(s):  
Charles TurnbiLL ◽  
Delbert E. Philpott
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Surface Tension ◽  
Critical Point ◽  
Freeze Drying ◽  
Attractive Alternative ◽  
Crystal Formation ◽  
Critical Point Drying ◽  
Time Required ◽  
Scanning Electron

The advent of the scanning electron microscope (SCEM) has renewed interest in preparing specimens by avoiding the forces of surface tension. The present method of freeze drying by Boyde and Barger (1969) and Small and Marszalek (1969) does prevent surface tension but ice crystal formation and time required for pumping out the specimen to dryness has discouraged us. We believe an attractive alternative to freeze drying is the critical point method originated by Anderson (1951; for electron microscopy. He avoided surface tension effects during drying by first exchanging the specimen water with alcohol, amy L acetate and then with carbon dioxide. He then selected a specific temperature (36.5°C) and pressure (72 Atm.) at which carbon dioxide would pass from the liquid to the gaseous phase without the effect of surface tension This combination of temperature and, pressure is known as the "critical point" of the Liquid.

SEM Cold Stage Techniques for the Observation of Vegetative and Floral Apices of Oat (Avena sativa L.) Plants

1977 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 590-591
Author(s):  
B. K. Kirchoff ◽  
L.F. Allard ◽  
W.C. Bigelow
Keyword(s):  
Critical Point ◽  
Avena Sativa ◽  
Substantial Improvement ◽  
Fresh Tissue ◽  
Cold Stage ◽  
Critical Point Drying ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Cell Collapse ◽  
Conductive Paint ◽  
Carbon Based

In attempting to use the SEM to investigate the transition from the vegetative to the floral state in oat (Avena sativa L.) it was discovered that the procedures of fixation and critical point drying (CPD), and fresh tissue examination of the specimens gave unsatisfactory results. In most cases, by using these techniques, cells of the tissue were collapsed or otherwise visibly distorted. Figure 1 shows the results of fixation with 4.5% formaldehyde-gluteraldehyde followed by CPD. Almost all cellular detail has been obscured by the resulting shrinkage distortions. The larger cracks seen on the left of the picture may be due to dissection damage, rather than CPD. The results of observation of fresh tissue are seen in Fig. 2. Although there is a substantial improvement over CPD, some cell collapse still occurs.Due to these difficulties, it was decided to experiment with cold stage techniques. The specimens to be observed were dissected out and attached to the sample stub using a carbon based conductive paint in acetone.

The Effects of Drying Techniques on Clay-Rich Soil Texture

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 466-467
Author(s):  
T. G. Naymik
Keyword(s):  
Critical Point ◽  
Liquid Nitrogen ◽  
Liquid Nitrogen Temperature ◽  
Drying Methods ◽  
Air Drying ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Critical Point Drying ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Quartz Grains

Three techniques were incorporated for drying clay-rich specimens: air-drying, freeze-drying and critical point drying. In air-drying, the specimens were set out for several days to dry or were placed in an oven (80°F) for several hours. The freeze-dried specimens were frozen by immersion in liquid nitrogen or in isopentane at near liquid nitrogen temperature and then were immediately placed in the freeze-dry vacuum chamber. The critical point specimens were molded in agar immediately after sampling. When the agar had set up the dehydration series, water-alcohol-amyl acetate-CO2 was carried out. The objectives were to compare the fabric plasmas (clays and precipitates), fabricskeletons (quartz grains) and the relationship between them for each drying technique. The three drying methods are not only applicable to the study of treated soils, but can be incorporated into all SEM clay soil studies.

Preservation of Plant Cell Surfaces For Scanning Electron Microscopy

1973 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 472-473
Author(s):  
Linda M. Sicko ◽  
Thomas E. Jensen
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Critical Point ◽  
Filter Paper ◽  
Freeze Drying ◽  
Cell Surfaces ◽  
Air Drying ◽  
Popular Method ◽  
Critical Point Drying ◽  
Scanning Electron

The use of critical point drying is rapidly becoming a popular method of preparing biological samples for scanning electron microscopy. The procedure is rapid, and produces consistent results with a variety of samples. The preservation of surface details is much greater than that of air drying, and the procedure is less complicated than that of freeze drying. This paper will present results comparing conventional air-drying of plant specimens to critical point drying, both of fixed and unfixed material. The preservation of delicate structures which are easily damaged in processing and the use of filter paper as a vehicle for drying will be discussed.

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