Oxidative stress and fertility: incorrect assumptions and ineffective solutions?

Zygote ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yves Ménézo ◽  
Frida Entezami ◽  
Isabelle Lichtblau ◽  
Stephanie Belloc ◽  
Marc Cohen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Dna Damage ◽  
Assisted Reproduction ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Glutathione Synthesis ◽  
Sperm Dna ◽  
New Treatments ◽  
Stimulation Of

SummaryOne of the most important concerns in assisted reproduction (ART), and in particular ICSI, is the quality of sperm DNA. Oxidative stress is one of the major causes of damage to DNA and attempting to reduce generation of DNA damage related to reactive oxygen species (ROS) through consumption of antioxidants is often tempting. However, current antioxidant treatments, given irrespectively of clinically quantified deficiencies, are poorly efficient, potentially detrimental and over-exposure is risky. Here we discuss new treatments in relation to present day concepts on oxidative stress. This discussion includes stimulation of endogenous anti-ROS defense i.e. glutathione synthesis and recycling of homocysteine, the epicentre of multiple ROS-linked pathologies.

scholarly journals Menadione effect on l-cysteine desulfuration in U373 cells.

2007 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 407-411 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Wróbel ◽  
Halina Jurkowska
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Control Culture ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Active Centers ◽  
Glutathione Synthesis ◽  
Sulfane Sulfur ◽  
Mercaptopyruvate Sulfurtransferase ◽  
Sulfur Level ◽  
U373 Cells

The non-cytotoxic concentration (20 microM) of menadione (2-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinone), after 1 h of incubation, leads to loss of the activity of rhodanese by 33%, 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase by 20%, as well as the level of sulfane sulfur by about 23% and glutathione by 12%, in the culture of U373 cells, in comparison with the control culture. Reactive oxygen species generated by menadione oxidize sulfhydryl groups in active centers of the investigated enzymes, inhibiting them and saving cysteine for glutathione synthesis. A decreased sulfane sulfur level can be correlated with an oxidative stress.

72 Protective Effects of C-Phycocyanin on the Developmental Competence of Porcine Parthenotes

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 174
Author(s):  
Y.-J. Niu ◽  
N.-H. Kim ◽  
X.-S. Cui
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Dna Damage ◽  
Membrane Potential ◽  
Cytochrome C ◽  
Mitochondrial Membrane ◽  
Developmental Competence ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Blastocyst Formation

C-Phycocyanin (CP) is a biliprotein enriched in blue-green algae that is known to possess antioxidant, anti-apoptosis, anti-inflammatory, and radical-scavenging properties in somatic cells. However, the protective effect of CP on porcine embryo developmental competence in vitro remains unclear. In the present study, we investigated the effect of CP on the development of porcine early embryos as well as its underlying mechanisms exposing them to H2O2 to induce oxidative stress. The levels of reactive oxygen species, mitochondrial membrane potential, apoptosis, DNA damage, and autophagy in the blastocysts were observed by staining with 2′,7′-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (H2DCF-DA), 5,5′,6,6’-tetrachloro-1,1′,3,3′-tetraethyl-imidacarbocyanine iodide (JC-1), terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated 2′-deoxyuridine 5′-triphosphate (dUTP) nick-end labelling (TUNEL), anti-cytochrome c, and anti-γH2A.X (Ser139), respectively. Colocalization assay of mitochondria and cytochrome c of blastocysts were staining with MitoTracker Red CMXRos and anti-cytochrome c. All data were subjected to one-way ANOVA. Different concentrations of CP (1, 2, 5, 8, 10 µg mL−1) were added to porcine zygote medium 5 (PZM-5, l-glutamine concentration of PZM-3 was modified from 1 to 2 mM) during in vitro culture. The results showed that 5 µg mL−1 CP significantly increased blastocyst formation (62.5 ± 2.1 v. 52.7 ± 2.4; P < 0.05) and hatching rate (10.9 ± 1.9 v. 36.6 ± 5.2; P < 0.05) compared with controls. Blastocyst formation (53.1 ± 2.3 v. 40.1 ± 2.3; P < 0.05) and quality were significantly increased in the 50 µM H2O2 treatment group following 5 µg mL−1 CP addition. C-Phycocyanin prevented the H2O2-induced compromise of mitochondrial membrane potential, release of cytochrome c from the mitochondria, and generation of reactive oxygen species. Furthermore, apoptosis, DNA damage level, and autophagy in the blastocysts were attenuated by supplementation of CP in the H2O2-induced oxidative injury group compared with that in controls. These results suggest that CP has beneficial effects on the development of porcine parthenotes by attenuating mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress.

scholarly journals 8-Hydroxy-2’-Deoxyguanosine and Reactive Oxygen Species as Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress in Mental Illnesses: A Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (7) ◽  
pp. 603-618
Author(s):  
Xue Xin Goh ◽  
Pek Yee Tang ◽  
Shiau Foon Tee
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Dna Damage ◽  
Random Effects ◽  
Oxidative Dna Damage ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Mental Illnesses ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Medication History

Objective Mental illnesses may be caused by genetic and environmental factors. Recent studies reported that mental illnesses were accompanied by higher oxidative stress level. However, the results were inconsistent. Thus, present meta-analysis aimed to analyse the association between oxidative DNA damage indicated by 8-hydroxy-2’-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) or 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2’-deoxyguanosine (8-oxodG), which has been widely used as biomarker of oxidative stress, and mental illnesses, including schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and depression. As oxidative DNA damage is caused by reactive oxygen species (ROS), systematic review and meta-analysis were also conducted to analyse the relationship between ROS and these three mental illnesses.Methods Studies from 1964 to 2020 (for oxidative DNA damage) and from 1907 to 2021 (for ROS) in Pubmed and Scopus databases were selected and analysed using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis version 2 respectively. Data were subjected to meta-analysis for examining the effect sizes of the results. Publication bias assessments, heterogeneity assessments and subgroup analyses based on biological specimens, patient status, illness duration and medication history were also conducted.Results This meta-analysis revealed that oxidative DNA damage was significantly higher in patients with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder based on random-effects models whereas in depressed patients, the level was not significant. Since heterogeneity was present, results based on random-effects model was preferred. Our results also showed that oxidative DNA damage level was significantly higher in lymphocyte and urine of patients with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder respectively. Besides, larger effect size was observed in inpatients and those with longer illness duration and medication history. Significant higher ROS was also observed in schizophrenic patients but not in depressive patients.Conclusion The present meta-analysis found that oxidative DNA damage was significantly higher in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder but not in depression. The significant association between deoxyguanosines and mental illnesses suggested the possibility of using 8-OHdG or 8-oxodG as biomarker in measurement of oxidative DNA damage and oxidative stress. Higher ROS level indicated the involvement of oxidative stress in schizophrenia. The information from this study may provide better understanding on pathophysiology of mental illnesses.

scholarly journals The ESCRT protein CHMP5 restrains skeletal progenitor cell senescence by preserving endo-lysosomal-mitochondrial network

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xianpeng Ge ◽  
Lizhi He ◽  
Haibo Liu ◽  
Cole M. Haynes ◽  
Jae-Hyuck Shim
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Dna Damage ◽  
Progenitor Cell ◽  
Joint Stiffness ◽  
Cell Senescence ◽  
Endocytic Pathway ◽  
Skeletal Growth ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Mitochondrial Network

AbstractThe endocytic pathway actively interacts with mitochondria in maintaining cellular homeostasis. However, how the dysfunction of this inter-organelle interaction causing pathological outcomes remains less understood. Here we show that an aberrant endocytic pathway from the deficiency of CHMP5 in skeletal progenitor cells causes accumulation of functionally compromised mitochondria, which induce cellular senescence via reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated oxidative stress and DNA damage. These senescent progenitors can lead to distorted skeletal growth via a combination of cell-autonomous and non-autonomous mechanisms. Consequently, mice lacking Chmp5 in Ctsk-expressing periskeletal progenitors or Dmp1-expressing musculoskeletal progenitors develop multiple skeletal/muscular abnormalities, including robust bone overgrowth, progressive joint stiffness, and myopathy. Targeting senescent cells using senolytic drugs significantly alleviates these lesions and improves animal motility. Overall, our results reveal that CHMP5 restricts skeletal progenitor cell senescence through maintaining the endo-lysosomal-mitochondrial network and cell senescence represents a yet unexplored mechanism for detrimental alterations from the perturbed organelle network.

scholarly journals High Potency of a Novel Resveratrol Derivative, 3,3′,4,4′-Tetrahydroxy-trans-stilbene, against Ovarian Cancer Is Associated with an Oxidative Stress-Mediated Imbalance between DNA Damage Accumulation and Repair

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justyna Mikuła-Pietrasik ◽  
Patrycja Sosińska ◽  
Marek Murias ◽  
Marcin Wierzchowski ◽  
Marta Brewińska-Olchowik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Dna Damage ◽  
P38 Mapk ◽  
Cancer Cell ◽  
Damage Accumulation ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Stress Dependent

We explored the effect of a new resveratrol (RVT) derivative, 3,3′,4,4′-tetrahydroxy-trans-stilbene (3,3′,4,4′-THS), on viability, apoptosis, proliferation, and senescence of three representative lines of ovarian cancer cells, that is, A2780, OVCAR-3, and SKOV-3,in vitro. In addition, the mechanistic aspects of 3,3′,4,4′-THS activity, including cell redox homeostasis (the production of reactive oxygen species, activity of enzymatic antioxidants, and magnitude of DNA damage accumulation and repair), and the activity of caspases (3, 8, and 9) and p38 MAPK were examined. The study showed that 3,3′,4,4′-THS affects cancer cell viability much more efficiently than its parent drug. This effect coincided with increased generation of reactive oxygen species, downregulated activity of superoxide dismutase and catalase, and excessive accumulation of 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine and its insufficient repair due to decreased expression of DNA glycosylase I. Cytotoxicity elicited by 3,3′,4,4′-THS was related to increased incidence of apoptosis, which was mediated by caspases 3 and 9. Moreover, 3,3′,4,4′-THS inhibited cancer cell proliferation and accelerated senescence, which was accompanied by the activation of p38 MAPK. Collectively, our findings indicate that 3,3′,4,4′-THS may constitute a valuable tool in the fight against ovarian malignancy and that the anticancer capabilities of this stilbene proceed in an oxidative stress-dependent mechanism.

scholarly journals Reactive oxygen species and sperm DNA damage in infertile men presenting with low level leukocytospermia

2014 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashok Agarwal ◽  
Aditi Mulgund ◽  
Saad Alshahrani ◽  
Mourad Assidi ◽  
Adel M Abuzenadah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Dna Damage ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Sperm Dna Damage ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Infertile Men ◽  
Sperm Dna

Sperm DNA damage vs. reactive oxygen species (ROS) – is there evidence of a causal relationship?

2007 ◽  
Vol 88 ◽  
pp. S382
Author(s):  
J.P. Alukal ◽  
B.B. Najari ◽  
L. Murthy ◽  
M. Khera ◽  
L.I. Lipshultz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Dna Damage ◽  
Causal Relationship ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Sperm Dna Damage ◽  
Sperm Dna

scholarly journals Niosome-carvedilol protects DNA damage of supraphysiologic concentrations of insulin using comet assay: An in vitro study

2021 ◽  
pp. 096032712110361
Author(s):  
Marzieh Farahani-Zangaraki ◽  
Azade Taheri ◽  
Mahmoud Etebari
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Dna Damage ◽  
Comet Assay ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients

Introduction: Hyperinsulinemia occurs in type 2 diabetic patients with insulin resistance. This increase in insulin levels in the blood increases reactive oxygen species production and oxidative stress, resulting in DNA damage. Carvedilol (CRV) is a non-selective beta-blocker, and research has shown that this compound and its metabolites have anti-oxidative properties. Carvedilol can, directly and indirectly, reduce reactive oxygen species (ROS) and has a protective effect on DNA damage from oxidative stress. Given the insolubility of CRV in water, finding new methods to increase its solubility can be an essential step in research. This study aimed to determine whether carvedilol could have a protective effect on insulin-induced genomic damage. Methods: We treated cells with insulin alone, amorphous-CRV alone, and amorphous-CRV and niosomal-CRV with insulin and DNA damage were investigated using the comet method to achieve this goal. Results: Our results showed that insulin in the studied concentration has a significant genotoxic effect and non-cytotoxic at higher concentrations. CRV, both in amorphous and niosome form, reduced insulin-induced DNA damage by reducing ROS production. The comet assay results demonstrate that treating HUVEC cells in pretreatment condition with amorphous-CRV and niosome-CRV significantly reduces DNA damage of insulin.

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