scholarly journals Beck Depression Inventory-II: Self-report or interview-based administrations show different results in older persons

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 735-742 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hana Stepankova Georgi ◽  
Karolina Horakova Vlckova ◽  
Jiri Lukavsky ◽  
Miloslav Kopecek ◽  
Martin Bares
Keyword(s):  
Beck Depression Inventory ◽  
Older Persons ◽  
Rating Scales ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Item Analysis ◽  
Nonparametric Tests ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Standard Methods ◽  
Spearman’S Correlation

ABSTRACTBeck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) is one of the most-used rating scales. It was developed as a tool administered either as a self-rating or interview-based, observer-rating scale.Objective:The goal of this study is to compare BDI-II scores obtained with two standard methods of administration in community-based older persons.Methods:BDI-II was administered at first in the self-rated version to a sample of 60 mentally healthy older persons (age 60–87 years). Afterward, the interview-based administration was performed.Analyses:We compared the scores with nonparametric tests — Spearman’s correlation coefficient and Wilcoxon Signed Ranks test. We also computed internal consistency.Results:Self-rated BDI-II yielded significantly higher total score than interview (p < 0.001, P = 88%). The correlation between total scores was moderate (rs = 0.46, p < 0.001). Item analysis revealed a larger decrease (lower scores) in the somatic items in the interview-based version.Conclusions:The two methods of administration result in different total score in healthy older persons. Therefore, interpretation of the scores should reflect the administration, which should be always specified in the studies.

scholarly journals Item Response Theory Analyses of Barkley’s Adult Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Rating Scales

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (7) ◽  
pp. 1094-1108
Author(s):  
Morgan E Nitta ◽  
Brooke E Magnus ◽  
Paul S Marshall ◽  
James B Hoelzle
Keyword(s):  
Item Response Theory ◽  
Item Response ◽  
Adult Adhd ◽  
Rating Scales ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Clinical Population ◽  
Response Theory ◽  
Item Level ◽  
Latent Traits

Abstract There are many challenges associated with assessment and diagnosis of ADHD in adulthood. Utilizing the graded response model (GRM) from item response theory (IRT), a comprehensive item-level analysis of adult ADHD rating scales in a clinical population was conducted with Barkley's Adult ADHD Rating Scale-IV, Self-Report of Current Symptoms (CSS), a self-report diagnostic checklist and a similar self-report measure quantifying retrospective report of childhood symptoms, Barkley's Adult ADHD Rating Scale-IV, Self-Report of Childhood Symptoms (BAARS-C). Differences in item functioning were also considered after identifying and excluding individuals with suspect effort. Items associated with symptoms of inattention (IA) and hyperactivity/impulsivity (H/I) are endorsed differently across the lifespan, and these data suggest that they vary in their relationship to the theoretical constructs of IA and H/I. Screening for sufficient effort did not meaningfully change item level functioning. The application IRT to direct item-to-symptom measures allows for a unique psychometric assessment of how the current DSM-5 symptoms represent latent traits of IA and H/I. Meeting a symptom threshold of five or more symptoms may be misleading. Closer attention given to specific symptoms in the context of the clinical interview and reported difficulties across domains may lead to more informed diagnosis.

scholarly journals Youth and Adult Perceptions of Their Relationships Within Community-Based Youth Programs

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 240-259
Author(s):  
Kenneth Jones ◽  
Daniel Perkins
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Rating Scales ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Youth Programs ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Community Groups ◽  
Adult Relationships ◽  
Youth Involvement ◽  
Adult Involvement

This study examined perceptions and experiences of youth and adults engaged in various types of community-based youth-adult relationships. Involvement and interaction rating scales were completed by 108 participants involved in community groups from 12 communities in 10 states. The rating scale measured three constructs: youth involvement, adult involvement, and youth- adult interaction. Significant gender differences in participants’ perceptions were found on all three constructs, with females being more positive. Rural participants were found to be significantly more positive than urban participants on the construct of youth involvement. Finally, significant differences were found between all participants within categories of the youth-adult relationship continuum. Participants in youth-led collaborations were significantly more positive toward youth involvement than participants in adult-led collaborations. Moreover, adults in youth-adult partnerships were significantly more positive toward youth involvement and youth-adult interaction than those adults in adult-led collaborations.

Comparison of Self-Reports and Clinicians' Ratings of Unipolar Major Depression

1985 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 479-483 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robin D. Post ◽  
Charlotte E. Alford ◽  
Neil J. Baker ◽  
Ronald D. Franks ◽  
Robert M. House ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Major Depression ◽  
Affective Disorder ◽  
Beck Depression Inventory ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Recent Literature ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Self Reports ◽  
Hamilton Rating Scale ◽  
Unipolar Major Depression

Recent literature has unfavorably compared self-report measures of depression to clinician-administered measures such as the Hamilton Rating Scale. In the present study, the Beck Depression Inventory and the MMPI D scale were compared to the Hamilton Rating Scale to assess the effectiveness of each measure in discriminating unipolar depressed psychiatric inpatients ( n = 26) from inpatients without a major affective disorder ( n = 11). Scores on the Beck scale and the MMPI Depression scale but not the Hamilton Rating Scale were significantly related to the diagnosis of unipolar major depression.

scholarly journals Assessing children’s defense mechanisms with the Defense Mechanisms Rating Scales Q-sort for Children

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariagrazia Di Giuseppe ◽  
Tracy A. Prout ◽  
Lauren Ammar ◽  
Thomas Kui ◽  
Ciro Conversano
Keyword(s):  
Defense Mechanisms ◽  
Rating Scales ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Child Psychotherapy ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Ample Evidence ◽  
Defensive Functioning ◽  
Mental Health Literature ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Q Sort

Defense mechanisms are unconscious and automatic psychological processes that serve to protect the individual from painful emotions and thoughts. There is ample evidence from the adult psychotherapy and mental health literature suggesting the salience of defenses in the maintenance and amelioration of psychological distress. Although several tools for the assessment of children’s defenses exist, most rely on projective and self-report tools, and none are based on the empirically derived hierarchy of defenses. This paper outlines the development of the defense mechanisms rating scale Q-sort for children (DMRS-Q-C), a 60-item, observer-rated tool for coding the use of defenses in child psychotherapy sessions. Modifications to the Defense Mechanisms Rating Scale Q-Sort for adults to create a developmentally relevant measure and the process by which expert child psychotherapists collaborated to develop the DMRS-Q-C are discussed. A clinical vignette describing the child’s defensive functioning as assessed by the innovative DMRS-Q-C method is also reported. Finally, we provide an overview of forthcoming research evaluating the validity of the DMRS-Q-C.

Self-Reported Physical Fitness of Older Persons: A Substitute for Performance-Based Measures of Physical Fitness?

1997 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 298-310 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marieke J.G. van Heuvelen ◽  
Gertrudis I.J.M. Kempen ◽  
Johan Ormel ◽  
Mathieu H.G. de Greef
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Older Persons ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Endurance Test ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Self Reports ◽  
And Performance

To evaluate the validity of self-report measures of physical fitness as substitutes for performance-based tests, self-reports and performance-based tests of physical fitness were compared. Subjects were a community-based sample of older adults (N = 624) aged 57 and over. The performance-based tests included endurance, flexibility, strength, balance, manual dexterity, and reaction time. The self-report evaluation assessed selected individual subcomponents of fitness and used both peers and absolute standards as reference. The results showed that compared to performance-based tests, the self-report items were more strongly interrelated and they less effectively evaluated the different subdomains of physical fitness. Corresponding performance-based tests and self-report items were weakly to moderately associated. All self-report items were related most strongly with the performance-based endurance test. Apparently. older people tend to estimate overall fitness, in which endurance plays an important part, rather than individual subcomponents of Illness. Therefore, the self-report measures have limited validity as predictors of performance-based physical fitness.

Measuring Attitude with Positively Packed Self-Report Ratings: Comparison of Agreement and Frequency Scales

2004 ◽  
Vol 94 (3) ◽  
pp. 1015-1024 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gavin T. L. Brown
Keyword(s):  
High School Students ◽  
Rating Scales ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Measurement Model ◽  
Self Report ◽  
School Students ◽  
Response Formats ◽  
Inadequate Information ◽  
Continued Use ◽  
Psychometric Evidence

Self-report rating scales with balanced response formats, anchored with vague frequency of activity indicators, often elicit inadequate information, especially when respondents are inclined toward a generally positive attitude toward the psychological object being rated. This study used an unbalanced or positively packed rating scale with both frequency and agreement response anchors within the context of a questionnaire about studying and learning practices and conceptions for high school students ( N=734). Psychometric characteristics and communication factors were investigated using 12 pairs of items for which both frequency and agreement response formats were used. Communication factors identified by Schwarz in 1999 such as small changes in wording provided adequate explanation for changes in response rate or fit to the IRT measurement model for three pairs of items. Although psychometric evidence of the superiority of agreement over frequency response format was not conclusive, continued use of agreement anchors with a positively packed rating scale appears justified.

Comparative assessment of Yale Single Q uestion and Beck Depression Inventory Scale in screening for depression in multiple sclerosis

2003 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 307-310 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jagannadha R Avasarala ◽  
Anne H Cross ◽  
Kathryn Trinkaus
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Beck Depression Inventory ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
False Negative ◽  
False Negative Rate ◽  
Outpatient Setting ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Antidepressant Use

Objectives: To examine if depression in multiple sclerosis (MS) can be accurately recognized using the Yale Single Q uestion (YSQ) screen as compared with the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), a 21-item self-report rating scale for depression. In addition, we sought to assess the sensitivity, specificity, the positive predictive value (PPV) and the negative predictive value (NPV) of the YSQ. Background:Depression associated with MS is a major contributo r to morbidity. Screening for depression in patients with MS currently includes the BD1, which measures characteristic attitudes and symptoms of depression. However, in a busy outpatient clinic, the BDI might not be the most appro priate instrument, particularly if depression screening can be assessed accurately using simpler techniques that are easy to administer and consume less time. We compared the accuracy of the YSQ screen response against the BDI to screen for depression in MS patients, in an outpatient setting. Methods: This is a comparative outcome study of two ‘instruments’ used for screening depression in MS patients in an academic outpatient setting. A ll patients were initially screened for depression by asking patients the YSQ - ‘Do you frequently feel sad or depressed?’, followed by BDI administration. Depression was defined as a score of]-13 on the BDI. O ne hundred and twenty successive patients who presented to the MS clinic at Washington University School of Medicine and met the criteria for diagnosis of MS were screened for depression. A ll patients diagnosed as having MS, regardless of type, were included in the study. Results: O f the 120 patients studied, a total of 49 of 120 were clinically depressed as defined by a BDI cut-o ff of]-13; 71 of 120 were not. The sensitivity of the YSQ was 32 of 49=65.3% with a 95% confidence interval (0.50, 0.78), specificity was 62 of 71=87.3% (0.77, 0.94), PPV was 32 of 41=78.0% (0.62, 0.89) and NPV was 62 of 79=78.5% (0.68, 0.87). O f the 49 patients depressed by BDI criteria, 17 responded ‘no’ to the YSQ, yielding a false-negative rate of 34.7% (0.22, 0.50). The Wilcoxon -Mann -Whitney test for difference in age among those on antidepressants compared with those who were not showed no statistical difference (P =0.35). For patients on antidepressants, the mean BDI score was 16.09-8.9 (mean9-SD) and 9.59-8.7 for those not on antidepressants. Differences in BDI scores among patients on antidepressants versus those who were not were statistically significant (P B-0.0001). Patients on antidepressants had significantly higher BDI scores. Conclusions: O ur results show that the YSQ cannot replace the BDI as a screening instrument for depression in MS. The YSQ could not identify 34.7% of patients who were depressed by BDI criteria. However, as reported in a published study, BDI missed 30% of cases with early depression in MS when a cut-o ff of]-13 was used. The YSQ appears to be specific in ruling out depression when a patient is not depressed. MS is a chronic disease and since prevalence of depression varies, it is important to screen patients repeatedly over time so as not to miss the diagnosis. That BDI scores were higher among those taking antidepressants underscores the fact that this subset of patients need to be on medicatio n, but the higher scores could also represent a sampling error since the duration of antidepressant use was not studied.

The Impact of Anosognosia on Clinical and Patient-Reported Assessments of Psychiatric Symptoms in Huntington’s Disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 291-302
Author(s):  
David Isaacs ◽  
Jessie S. Gibson ◽  
Jeffrey Stovall ◽  
Daniel O. Claassen
Keyword(s):  
Huntington's Disease ◽  
Huntington’S Disease ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Rating Scales ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Patient Reported ◽  
The Impact

Background: Psychiatric symptoms are widely prevalent in Huntington’s disease (HD) and exert greater impact on quality of life than motor manifestations. Despite this, psychiatric symptoms are frequently underrecognized and undertreated. Lack of awareness, or anosognosia, has been observed at all stages of HD and may contribute to diminished patient self-reporting of psychiatric symptoms. Objective: We sought to evaluate the impact of anosognosia on performance of commonly used clinical rating scales for psychiatric manifestations of HD. Methods: We recruited 50 HD patients to undergo a formal psychiatrist evaluation, the Problem Behavior Assessment-Short Form (PBA-s), and validated self-report rating scales for depression, anxiety, and anger. Motor impairment, cognitive function, and total functional capacity were assessed as part of clinical exam. Patient awareness of motor, cognitive, emotional, and functional capacities was quantified using the Anosognosia Rating Scale. Convergent validity, discriminant validity, classification accuracy, and anosognosia effect was determined for each psychiatric symptom rating scale. Results: Anosognosia was identified in one-third of patients, and these patients underrated the severity of depression and anxiety when completing self-report instruments. Anosognosia did not clearly influence self-reported anger, but this result may have been confounded by the sub-optimal discriminant validity of anger rating scales. Conclusion: Anosognosia undermines reliability of self-reported depression and anxiety in HD. Self-report rating scales for depression and anxiety may have a role in screening, but results must be corroborated by provider and caregiver input when anosognosia is present. HD clinical trials utilizing patient-reported outcomes as study endpoints should routinely evaluate participants for anosognosia.

Comparison of Three Depression Rating Scales

1992 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 144-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geoffrey M. Margo ◽  
Mantosh J. Dewan ◽  
Seymour Fisher ◽  
Roger P. Greenberg
Keyword(s):  
Rating Scales ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Check List ◽  
Extra Effort ◽  
Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale ◽  
Symptom Check List ◽  
Psychiatric Rating ◽  
Psychiatric Rating Scale

We directly compared scores on the self-rated Beck Depression Inventory with two other common rating scales that assess a wider range of psychopathology, including depression, the self-rated Symptom Check List-90—R (SCL-90—R), and the clinician-rated Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale for 71 inpatients who suffered from depression ( n = 50) and other disorders. All measures of depression showed robust correlations among themselves. The self-rated scales correlated better between themselves than with the clinician-rated scale. Since the SCL-90—R assesses depression as well as the Beck inventories, is also a self-report instrument, yet provides a richer description of psychopathology with little extra effort, it may have some advantage over the latter.

scholarly journals Measuring depression: comparison and integration of three scales in the GENDEP study

2007 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 289-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Uher ◽  
A. Farmer ◽  
W. Maier ◽  
M. Rietschel ◽  
J. Hauser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Rating Scales ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
External Validation ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Factor Scores ◽  
Depression Severity ◽  
Pharmacogenetic Study ◽  
Study Item

BackgroundA number of scales are used to estimate the severity of depression. However, differences between self-report and clinician rating, multi-dimensionality and different weighting of individual symptoms in summed scores may affect the validity of measurement. In this study we examined and integrated the psychometric properties of three commonly used rating scales.MethodThe 17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD-17), the Montgomery–Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) were administered to 660 adult patients with unipolar depression in a multi-centre pharmacogenetic study. Item response theory (IRT) and factor analysis were used to evaluate their psychometric properties and estimate true depression severity, as well as to group items and derive factor scores.ResultsThe MADRS and the BDI provide internally consistent but mutually distinct estimates of depression severity. The HAMD-17 is not internally consistent and contains several items less suitable for out-patients. Factor analyses indicated a dominant depression factor. A model comprising three dimensions, namely ‘observed mood and anxiety’, ‘cognitive’ and ‘neurovegetative’, provided a more detailed description of depression severity.ConclusionsThe MADRS and the BDI can be recommended as complementary measures of depression severity. The three factor scores are proposed for external validation.

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