Self-Reported Physical Fitness of Older Persons: A Substitute for Performance-Based Measures of Physical Fitness?

1997 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 298-310 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marieke J.G. van Heuvelen ◽  
Gertrudis I.J.M. Kempen ◽  
Johan Ormel ◽  
Mathieu H.G. de Greef
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Older Persons ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Endurance Test ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Self Reports ◽  
And Performance

To evaluate the validity of self-report measures of physical fitness as substitutes for performance-based tests, self-reports and performance-based tests of physical fitness were compared. Subjects were a community-based sample of older adults (N = 624) aged 57 and over. The performance-based tests included endurance, flexibility, strength, balance, manual dexterity, and reaction time. The self-report evaluation assessed selected individual subcomponents of fitness and used both peers and absolute standards as reference. The results showed that compared to performance-based tests, the self-report items were more strongly interrelated and they less effectively evaluated the different subdomains of physical fitness. Corresponding performance-based tests and self-report items were weakly to moderately associated. All self-report items were related most strongly with the performance-based endurance test. Apparently. older people tend to estimate overall fitness, in which endurance plays an important part, rather than individual subcomponents of Illness. Therefore, the self-report measures have limited validity as predictors of performance-based physical fitness.

Use of Self-Reports of Physical Fitness as Substitutes for Performance-Based Measures of Physical Fitness in Older Adults

2003 ◽  
Vol 96 (2) ◽  
pp. 414-420 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petra B. Schuler ◽  
Thomas S. Marzilli
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Muscular Strength ◽  
Local Community ◽  
General Concept ◽  
Dominant Factor ◽  
Use Of Self ◽  
Self Reports ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Do So

The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the association between self-reported physical fitness and performance-based measures of physical fitness in older adults. The specific components of physical fitness evaluated included aerobic endurance, muscular strength, and flexibility. Adults (25 men and 47 women) ranging in age from 56 to 92 years ( M age = 75 yr.) were recruited from the local community. Generally, the associations between self-reported and performance-based measures of physical fitness were low to moderate ( r = .30–.01). Based on these findings, self-reports of physical fitness should not be used as substitutes for performance-based measures of physical fitness in older adults. Furthermore, present findings suggest that older adults, when asked to rate subcomponents of physical fitness, may not do so but rather evaluate a more general concept of physical fitness with aerobic endurance as the dominant factor.

scholarly journals What they say and what they do: comparing physical activity across the USA, England and the Netherlands

2018 ◽  
Vol 72 (6) ◽  
pp. 471-476 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arie Kapteyn ◽  
James Banks ◽  
Mark Hamer ◽  
James P Smith ◽  
Andrew Steptoe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Objective Measures ◽  
Accelerometer Data ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Self Reports ◽  
The Usa

BackgroundPhysical activity (PA) is important for maintaining health, but there are fundamental unanswered questions on how best it should be measured.MethodsWe measured PA in the Netherlands (n=748), the USA (n=540) and England (n=254), both by a 7 day wrist-worn accelerometer and by self-reports. The self-reports included a global self-report on PA and a report on the frequency of vigorous, moderate and mild activity.ResultsThe self-reported data showed only minor differences across countries and across groups within countries (such as different age groups or working vs non-working respondents). The accelerometer data, however, showed large differences; the Dutch and English appeared to be much more physically active than Americans h (For instance, among respondents aged 50 years or older 38% of Americans are in the lowest activity quintile of the Dutch distribution). In addition, accelerometer data showed a sharp decline of PA with age, while no such pattern was observed in self-reports. The differences between objective measures and self-reports occurred for both types of self-reports.ConclusionIt is clear that self-reports and objective measures tell vastly different stories, suggesting that across countries people use different response scales when answering questions about how physically active they are.

Using photovoice with older adults: some methodological strengths and issues

2011 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 451-470 ◽  
Author(s):  
SHEILA NOVEK ◽  
TONI MORRIS-OSWALD ◽  
VERENA MENEC
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Participatory Research ◽  
Older Persons ◽  
Research Study ◽  
Research Process ◽  
Community Characteristics ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Gerontological Research ◽  
Strategies For Change

ABSTRACTPhotovoice is a qualitative research technique in which participants record and reflect on their community through photography. The technique is gaining popularity as a participatory research methodology. Few studies, however, have described the use of photovoice with older adults. This paper examines the application of photovoice in a qualitative, participatory research study examining age-friendly community characteristics in four communities in Manitoba, Canada. Thirty older adults were provided with cameras and took photographs to illustrate how age-friendly their communities are and participated in group discussions to identify priorities in becoming more age-friendly. The research process and results were analysed in order to assess the application of the methodology with older adults. Photovoice is an effective tool for eliciting older persons’ perceptions of their communities, giving voice to the unique concerns of older adults, and identifying strategies for change. If adapted to accommodate the needs of seniors, this methodology provides an innovative approach to community-based gerontological research. On the other hand, there are a number of challenges to be overcome if photovoice is to be a truly effective research instrument, including recruitment, photography training, retrieving consent forms, and issues of time and distance.

scholarly journals The Modified Gait Efficacy Scale: Establishing the Psychometric Properties in Older Adults

2012 ◽  
Vol 92 (2) ◽  
pp. 318-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alaina M. Newell ◽  
Jessie M. VanSwearingen ◽  
Elizabeth Hile ◽  
Jennifer S. Brach
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Retest Reliability ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Test Retest Reliability ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

BackgroundPerceived ability or confidence plays an important role in determining function and behavior. The modified Gait Efficacy Scale (mGES) is a 10-item self-report measure used to assess walking confidence under challenging everyday circumstances.ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to determine the reliability, internal consistency, and validity of the mGES as a measure of gait in older adults.DesignThis was a cross-sectional study.MethodsParticipants were 102 community-dwelling older adults (mean [±SD] age=78.6±6.1 years) who were independent in ambulation with or without an assistive device. Participants were assessed using the mGES and measures of confidence and fear, measures of function and disability, and performance-based measures of mobility. In a subsample (n=26), the mGES was administered twice within a 1-month period to establish test-retest reliability through the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC [2,1]). The standard error of measure (SEM) was determined from the ICC and standard deviation. The Cronbach α value was calculated to determine internal consistency. To establish the validity of the mGES, the Spearman rank order correlation coefficient was used to examine the association with measures of confidence, fear, gait, and physical function and disability.ResultsThe mGES demonstrated test-retest reliability within the 1-month period (ICC=.93, 95% confidence interval=.85, .97). The SEM of the mGES was 5.23. The mGES was internally consistent across the 10 items (Cronbach α=.94). The mGES was related to measures of confidence and fear (r=.54–.88), function and disability (Late-Life Function and Disability Instrument, r=.32–.88), and performance-based mobility (r=.38–.64).LimitationsThis study examined only community-dwelling older adults. The results, therefore, should not be generalized to other patient populations.ConclusionThe mGES is a reliable and valid measure of confidence in walking among community-dwelling older adults.

scholarly journals Health-related Quality of Life Profile of Indonesian Children and Its Determinants: a Community-based Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mei Neni Sitaresmi ◽  
Braghmandita Widya Indraswari ◽  
Nisrina Maulida Rozanti ◽  
Zena Sabilatuttaqiyya ◽  
Abdul Wahab
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Health Related Quality ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Proxy Report ◽  
Proxy Reports ◽  
Self Reports ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related

Abstract Background: Assessing health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and its determinants in children may provide a comprehensive view of child health. The study aimed to assess the HRQOL in Indonesian children and its determinants.Methods: We conducted a community-based cross-sectional study in the Sleman District of Yogyakarta Special Province, Indonesia, from August to November 2019. We recruited children aged 2 to 18 years old using the Sleman Health and Demography Surveillance System sample frame. We used the validated Indonesian version of Pediatric Quality of life InventoryTM (Peds QLTM) 4.0 Generic core scale, proxy-reports, and self-reports, to assess the HRQOL. Results: We recruited 633 proxies and 531 children aged 2-18 years. The mean total score of self-report and proxy-report were 89.9+ 8.5 and 93.3+6.4. There was a fair to moderate correlation between self-reports and proxy reports, with interclass correlation ranging from 0.34 to 0.47, all p<0.001. Half of the children (49.4% from proxy-report and 50.1% from self-report) reported having acute illness during the last month. Based on proxy-reports, multivariate regression analysis demonstrated lower HRQOL for children with acute health problems, younger age, history of low birth weight, abnormal delivery, lower fathers' educational level, and government-paid insurance for low-income families.Conclusion: In addition to sociodemographic determinants of a child's HRQOL, children’s health condition influences HRQOL in the general pediatric population. In low- and middle-income countries where acute infections and low birth weight are still prevalent, its prevention and appropriate interventions should improve child health.

Genetic and environmental influences on sociopolitical attitudes

2018 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 236-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward Bell ◽  
Christian Kandler ◽  
Rainer Riemann
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Environmental Influences ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Report ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
German Sample ◽  
Self Reports ◽  
Sociopolitical Attitudes ◽  
Genetic And Environmental Factors ◽  
Peer Reports

A new paradigm has emerged in which both genetic and environmental factors are cited as possible influences on sociopolitical attitudes. Despite the increasing acceptance of this paradigm, several aspects of the approach remain underdeveloped. Specifically, limitations arise from a reliance on a twins-only design, and all previous studies have used self-reports only. There are also questions about the extent to which existing findings generalize cross-culturally. To address those issues, this study examined individual differences in liberalism/conservatism in a German sample that included twins, their parents, and their spouses and incorporated both self- and peer reports. The self-report findings from this extended twin family design were largely consistent with previous research that used that rater perspective, but they provided higher estimates of heritability, shared parental environmental influences, assortative mating, and genotype-environment correlation than the results from peer reports. The implications of these findings for the measurement and understanding of sociopolitical attitudes are explored.

Self-Reported Physical Fitness in Frail Older Persons: Reliability and Validity of the Self-Assessment of Physical Fitness (SAPF)

2012 ◽  
Vol 115 (3) ◽  
pp. 797-810 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Weening-Dijksterhuis ◽  
Mathieu H. G. de Greef ◽  
Wim Krijnen ◽  
Cees P. van der Schans
Keyword(s):  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Older Persons ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Assessment ◽  
Frail Older Persons

scholarly journals Agreement Between Proxy-Rated and Self-Reported Quality of Life for Persons With Dementia

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 262-262
Author(s):  
Mariko Sakka ◽  
Ayumi Igarashi ◽  
Chie Fukui ◽  
Maiko Noguchi-Watanabe ◽  
Asa Inagaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Intraclass Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Proxy Rating ◽  
Self Reports ◽  
Two Measures

Abstract While quality of life (QOL) is an important endpoint of homecare for persons with dementia (PWD), PWDs often have difficulty in articulating their QOL by themselves. Instead proxy-rating is often used. However, evidence is still scarce regarding to what extent proxy-ratings reflect actual QOL of PWDs. We examined the association between self-report QOL by PWDs and proxy-rated QOL. We conducted a questionnaire survey to PWDs who were 75 years and older, their family, and homecare nurse in charge of the PWD. Two measures were used: 1) a newly developed, 4-item self-report for QOL of PWDs, and 2) a standardized, 6-item proxy-rating dementia QOL scale. In the self-report, the PWD were asked about their daily mood or satisfaction in life in brief, easy-to-understand sentences. The self-reports and proxy-ratings were compared using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC). Data from 382 PWDs, 248 family caregivers and 124 nurses were used. The mean age of PWD was 85.9 years and 60.5% were female. The proxy-rating by nurses were more strongly associated with self-reports, compared to the association between family proxy rating and self-reports (r = 0.351, p &lt; .001; r = 0.236, p &lt; .001, respectively). Proxy ratings by spouses and biological children were significantly associated with self-report (r = 0.257, p =.004; r =. 204, p = .006, respectively), while rating by children-in-law were not (r = 0.217, p = .160). Proxy-ratings may not be an appropriate substitute for self-report. Homecare nurses may evaluate the QOL of PWD better than their family caregiver.

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