scholarly journals Medical Measurement Against the Mega-Disaster: The Necessity of Systematization of the Disaster Medicine or the Disaster Medicine Compendium

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (s1) ◽  
pp. s149-s150
Author(s):  
Yoshikura Haraguchi ◽  
Yozo Tomoyasu ◽  
Tohru Tsubata ◽  
Tetsu Ishihara ◽  
Motohiro Sakai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hurricane Katrina ◽  
John Rawls ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Disaster Medicine ◽  
Broad Perspective ◽  
Care And Support ◽  
Chemical Hazard ◽  
Life Saving ◽  
The Moment

Introduction:The large number of casualties during major or mega-disasters are a global problem.Aim:The role of medicine against mega-disasters is analyzed from a worldwide perspective.Methods:Chernobyl incident, the Tokyo Subway Sarin Attack, the 9-11 attack, the Indian Ocean earthquake/tsunami, Hurricane Katrina, the Flu pandemic, the Higashi Nihon Earthquake followed by the Fukushima nuclear plant incident, etc. are critically analyzed, based on the actual medical experiences.Results:These mega-disasters often have a wide, severe negative influence. Linked catastrophes often form catastrophic circulus vitiosus (CCV) or malignant cycles on a global scale. The typical example is the Chernobyl incident which caused not only many deaths by radiation exposure/thyroid cancer and world anxiety, but also is considered to have contributed to the end of the Eastern European Communism system in 1989 (East Germany) and 1991 (ESSR).Discussion:Many roles of medical doctors and staff were requested, including creating preventive life-saving systems, in addition to the prevention of mega-disaster measurement to minimize the unhappiness. Moreover, medical ethics and philosophy are important, which were often overlooked. It is necessary for medical care and support to have a broad perspective. Although the classical philosophy of utilitarianism is often accepted without suspicion, it comes with the risk of disregarding vulnerable/weak people. The concept of justice according to John Rawls (USA) and the Minimal Unhappiness Theory by Naoto Kan (Japanese politician) should be considered, too. From such viewpoints, it is our conclusion to urge the establishment of systematic disaster medicine or to compile a disaster medicine compendium. Although the tentative first version was compiled with 22 volumes in 2005, only one-fourth was available in English. The English part increased up to nearly three-fourths by adding several new versions in which the nuclear/biological/chemical hazard version, tsunami measurement, and psychological care version are included at the moment.

scholarly journals Interface Pharmacotechniques: Conditions and Opportunities

Discourse ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 5-19
Author(s):  
K. A. Ocheretyany
Keyword(s):  
Mutual Recognition ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
Digital Devices ◽  
Technical Requirements ◽  
Life Saving ◽  
The World ◽  
Digital Environments ◽  
The Moment ◽  
The Right ◽  
Emotional Burnout

Introduction. The article deals with finding environmental patterns for the digital environment – at the moment, digital environments are more likely to bring a person closer to machine and technical requirements. The article poses a question (and a detailed answer is given) about how and under what conditions technology does not absorb a person, but gives her the opportunity to reveal her potential, turning it into existential capital.Methodology and sources. Methodologically, the work is based on philosophical analytical research and precedents of the digital field, examples of research literature, methods of media philosophy, anarchic epistemology, and topological reflection are applied. In particular, the hypotheses of the digital space as simultaneously communicative and disciplinary (Habermas, Foucault) digital behaviorism by B. Fogg, the economics of forgiveness by D. Graeber, the anthropology of the game by R. Caillois, Internet animals by A. Pscher were analyzed: on their basis, the principles of digital ethology and ecology.Results and discussion. The task of converting interfaces into ecological and pharmacological environments is the task of organizing by means of interfaces of various types of agencies. They should be organized in such a way that the modes of energy consumption and operation are replaced by modes of energy saving and care. In this case, the interfaces of digital devices could be not a continuation of the technical bureaucracy, but the conditions for comprehending and collecting the experience of the world. The project for this reorganization of funds – from exploitation to pharmacology – was proposed in the article. The article shows that the interface of digital devices can be not only a tool (techne) or a form of vision and cognition of the world (episteme), but also an ecological life-saving environment (pharmacy) for this it is necessary to take into account a number of factors: 1) counter-standardization and counter-personalization of the interface – it must to collide not with oneself, but with another, in all the radicalism of one’s otherness; 2) the ability to move from meaning to presence, and focus not on the consumption of ideological texts as standardized scenarios, but on the creation of contexts of existential interaction; 3) rejection of the agonality of digital consumption (which leads to emotional burnout) in favor of recognizing the uniqueness and incommensurability of experience, and, accordingly, creating conditions for mutual recognition and mutual trust, which are the main capital of a modern person in an era of semantic impenetrability in digital, the growth of suspicion and cynicism.Conclusion. The interface turns from a disciplinary space into a field of care when it becomes possible by means of the interface to go beyond itself, when it grants the right to postponement, to inattention, to offline, when instead of a tool of intensifying life, it becomes a condition for its deeper living. To do this, one should turn from techniques of drawing attention in the interface to techniques of organizing and interpreting the experience of the world.

scholarly journals Comparative relations between progesterone blood concentration and appearance of oestrus in cows

2007 ◽  
Vol 61 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 37-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel Otava ◽  
Calin Mircu ◽  
Horia Cernescu ◽  
Violeta Igna
Keyword(s):  
Blood Concentration ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Elisa Test ◽  
Economic Problem ◽  
Optimal Time ◽  
Progesterone Concentration ◽  
Inappropriate Treatment ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Cattle Farms

The timely detection of oestrus presents an important professional procedure with which cattle farmers, in addition to veterinarians, are very often faced, because failure to detect oestrus poses a big economic problem. The objective of this work is to evaluate the efficacy of discovering oestrus in cows by determining the progesterone concentration (P4) in blood plasma. This experiment covered 22 animals, including 15 cows and 7 heifers, in which spontaneous oestrus was discovered. P4 concentration was determined using the ELISA test in samples of blood taken from the animals at the moment of insemination. Of the 15 cows, four cows (26.6%) were not inseminated at the optimal time, and the P4 level in these animals was higher than 1 ng/ml. All the heifers showed a progesterone concentration of over 1 ng/ml, and a percentage of conception which was 85%. The high P4 level in heifers at the moment of insemination could also be a consequence of stress caused by the regrouping and separating of the animals. Even though the heifers were under stress, which is indicated by the high progesteronemia values at the moment of insemination, the percentage of conception among them was beyond expectations. Therefore, the determination of P4 values at the moment of insemination is a suitable method for improving reproduction management on cattle farms. Inappropriate treatment of cows which are expected to show oestrus can cause stress and an increase in the values of the blood concentration of P4. On the grounds of the results obtained in this work, no negative influence of stress on the insemination results in heifers was observed.

scholarly journals A Bibliometric Profile of Disaster Medicine Research from 2008 to 2017: A Scientometric Analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (02) ◽  
pp. 165-172
Author(s):  
Liang Zhou ◽  
Ping Zhang ◽  
Zhigang Zhang ◽  
Lidong Fan ◽  
Shuo Tang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Hurricane Katrina ◽  
Disaster Preparedness ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
The United States ◽  
Disaster Medicine ◽  
Scientometric Analysis ◽  
Public Health Preparedness ◽  
Medicine Research ◽  
Thomson Reuters

ABSTRACTThis study analyzed and assessed publication trends in articles on “disaster medicine,” using scientometric analysis. Data were obtained from the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) of Thomson Reuters on March 27, 2017. A total of 564 publications on disaster medicine were identified. There was a mild increase in the number of articles on disaster medicine from 2008 (n=55) to 2016 (n=83). Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness published the most articles, the majority of articles were published in the United States, and the leading institute was Tohoku University. F. Della Corte, M. D. Christian, and P. L. Ingrassia were the top authors on the topic, and the field of public health generated the most publications. Terms analysis indicated that emergency medicine, public health, disaster preparedness, natural disasters, medicine, and management were the research hotspots, whereas Hurricane Katrina, mechanical ventilation, occupational medicine, intensive care, and European journals represented the frontiers of disaster medicine research. Overall, our analysis revealed that disaster medicine studies are closely related to other medical fields and provides researchers and policy-makers in this area with new insight into the hotspots and dynamic directions. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2019;13:165–172)

Puerperal Disorders

2021 ◽  
pp. 159-176
Keyword(s):  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Maternal Death ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Care And Support ◽  
Life Saving ◽  
Abnormal Bleeding ◽  
Post Partum Period ◽  
The Difference ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Pregnancy And Birth

Unfortunately, the complexities of human pregnancy and birth make it a risky endeavor. The most vulnerable time for maternal death is the post-partum period during which 60% deaths and 65% deaths are reported. Around 62.3% deaths are estimated to occur in post-partum period. Unfortunately, post-partum period is the most neglected period. In the developing world, while 65% of all women have some form of antenatal care, 53% get intra-natal care; only 30% get post-partum care. Women continue to need care and support after childbirth. Postpartum checkups can make all the difference for an abnormal bleeding or infection. Living away from services or being unable to afford those services prevents a woman from acquiring the knowledge needed after birth to look after herself or to receive the life-saving antibiotics and the attention she may need after delivery.

scholarly journals Needs of Patients in the Triage Category “Expectant” in Prehospital Disaster Settings: A Survey Among German Medical Incident Commanders and Palliative Care Physicians

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (s1) ◽  
pp. s151-s152
Author(s):  
Gerald Ripberger ◽  
Michael Oppert ◽  
Jens Werner Bickelmayer
Keyword(s):  
Palliative Care ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Disaster Medicine ◽  
Care Physician ◽  
List Type ◽  
Bill Of Rights ◽  
Human Right ◽  
Dying Patients ◽  
Triage Category ◽  
Life Saving

Introduction:The treatment of patients in the triage category “expectant” is not in the focus of the prehospital disaster medicine. The aim is to save as many lives as possible in situations with very limited resources. It is necessary to allocate the life-saving interventions to those who have the chance to survive, but there is a human right of best assistance even for those who are expected to die.Aim:In Germany, it is possible to use the triage category “expectant” in overwhelming disasters, so there should be preparedness for those patients, who receive this categorization. A survey was conducted to find out what the needs are of those patients.Methods:An online-survey was submitted to German medical incident commanders and palliative care physician in function of expert groups via their national associations.Results:219 physicians participated. The majority confirmed a necessity to treat those patients and to be prepared. Currently, in most of the areas, there is no preparation. The main needs are the treatment of pain, dyspnoea, fear, and loneliness. Following the “Dying person’s bill of rights” (1), the most relevant rights are: To be treated as living human being until I dieTo be free from painTo express the feelings and emotionsTo die in peace and dignityDiscussion:Palliative care should be part of disaster medicine planning. It is not too difficult to prepare a special group of helper for the care of dying patients. Medical incident commanders and palliative care physicians agree in the majority about the necessity, so SOPs can be implemented to teach non-medics. The medics will be needed for the first aim of disaster medicine.

scholarly journals Open innovation: past, present and future trends

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 578-602 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Fernandes ◽  
João Ferreira ◽  
Marta Peris-Ortiz
Keyword(s):  
Open Innovation ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Innovation Management ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Broad Perspective ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Theoretical Perspectives ◽  
Innovation And Technology ◽  
Intellectual Knowledge

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to provide interested parties with the means of grasping how the literature on open innovation has evolved over the course of time. In this way, the authors furthermore contribute towards a better understanding, scaling and positioning of this field of research. Design/methodology/approach This study applies a combination of bibliometric techniques, such as citations, co-citations and social network analysis in order to map the scientific domain of open innovation. Currently, bibliometric analysis represents a methodology in effect on a global scale to evaluate the existing state of fields of research (Mutschke et al., 2011). This spans the application of quantitative and statistical analysis to publications such as articles and their respective citations and serving to evaluate the performance of research through returning data on all of the activities ongoing in a scientific field with summaries of these data generating a broad perspective on the research activities and impacts, especially as regards the researchers, journals, countries and universities (Hawkins, 1977; Osareh, 1996; Thomsom Reuters, 2008). Findings This research aims to map and analyse the intellectual knowledge held on open innovation. To this end, the authors carried out a bibliometric study with recourse to co-citations. Based on cluster and factorial analyses, it is possible identify and classify the several theoretical perspectives on open innovation across six areas: open innovation concept, open innovation and networks, open innovation and knowledge, open Innovation, and innovation spillovers, open innovation management and open innovation and technology. Originality/value This paper aims to map and analyse the intellectual knowledge held on open innovation.

Editorial: Military-Civilian Collaboration in Disaster Medicine

1985 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Safar
Keyword(s):  
Editorial Comment ◽  
Medical Care ◽  
Emergency Medical Services ◽  
Military Medicine ◽  
Disaster Medicine ◽  
Nuclear War ◽  
World Regions ◽  
Emergency Medical ◽  
Life Saving ◽  
Mass Disasters

This is an editorial comment for Volume 1, Number 1. Medical disasters are “events in which the number of acutely ill or injured persons exceeds the capacity of the local emergency medical services (EMS) system to provide basic and advanced medical care according to prevalent regional standards.” There are multi-casualty incidents, such as transportation accidents, in which the local EMS system is overwhelmed; mass disasters, such as major earthquakes and wars, in which the local EMS system is severely damaged; and endemic disasters, such as combinations of famine, epidemics and revolutions which often occur in world regions without EMS systems. Nuclear war has become recognized as the “ultimate disaster” which is beyond disaster medicine systems' capacities to save lives. Military medicine, however, which is organized for “conventional” war, offers the maximal life-saving potential for mass disasters in peace time.

Disaster medicine and response: Optimizing life-saving potential

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 253-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehmet Sukru Sever, MD ◽  
Giuseppe Remuzzi, MD ◽  
Raymond Vanholder, MD
Keyword(s):  
Disaster Medicine ◽  
Regional Hospital ◽  
Medical Problems ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
Demand And Supply ◽  
Medical Interventions ◽  
Medical Response ◽  
Life Saving ◽  
Routine Medical Practice ◽  
Mass Disasters

Background: Natural and technological mass disasters strike densely populated areas on a regular basis, causing ever growing numbers of deaths and injured, economical losses, social problems, and damage to the environment.Objective of the review: This review aims to provide a comprehensive idea about the spectrum of main problems, essentially presenting a number of basic principles to save as many lives as possible after natural and man-made mega disasters.Discussion: Medical problems following disasters may be acute, acute-on-chronic, or chronic; they appear from the disaster period up till long thereafter. All these problems may be nonspecific, or specific for particular disaster types. Decreasing death toll after mass disasters can be accomplished by preparations before, and effective medical response after disasters. These interventions should be considered at both national/governmental and regional/hospital levels. Disaster medicine, the art and science of providing healthcare to the victims, differs significantly from routine medical practice because of disparities between demand and supply of rescue and healthcare, the need for unusual medical interventions, and the occurrence of ethical and legal dilemmas.Conclusions: Adherence to the principles of disaster medicine, is vital to minimize the extent of medical, logistic, ethical, and legal problems, and saving as many lives as possible.

scholarly journals Model and algorithms for a decision support system on the application of rescue intends in case of a beyond design-basis rapid accident of a river passenger vessel

2021 ◽  
Vol 2131 (3) ◽  
pp. 032032
Author(s):  
A V Valyaev ◽  
E A Lukina ◽  
Y S Fedosenko
Keyword(s):  
Static Stability ◽  
Threshold Values ◽  
Data Preparation ◽  
Active Monitoring ◽  
Dangerous Situation ◽  
Life Saving ◽  
Software And Hardware ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Passenger Vessel

Abstract The problem of determination of threshold values of changes in stability characteristics of a river displacement ship is studied. A model and a data preparation scheme are being developed for the algorithmic implementation of the construction of curves of threshold values of lateral stability characteristics until the moment corresponding to the command given by the ship’s captain to bring life-saving appliances to a state of readiness or to use them. For the case of flooding of two adjacent hull compartments of a three-deck river passenger motor ship under the action of an external static inclining moment, illustrating data of calculations of hydrostatic characteristics and ship trim are presented, and an ensemble of diagrams of its static stability with threshold values is built. The results of the studies performed are intended for the software and hardware implementation of a digital system for active monitoring of the ship’s hull condition, predicting the development of a dangerous situation, supporting decision-making by the captain of a river vessel on the use of standard rescue equipment in the event of the threat of the ship being flooded and overturned.

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