scholarly journals Medical Utilization Rate at Music Festivals: The Effect of Crowd Behavior

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-2
Author(s):  
George A. Fidacaro ◽  
Matt S. Friedman ◽  
Reuben J. Strayer
Keyword(s):  
Medical Utilization ◽  
Utilization Rate ◽  
Crowd Behavior ◽  
Music Festivals

scholarly journals Reinforcement of Tobacco Control and Reduction in Medical Utilization for Asthma in Taiwan: A Population-Based Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (20) ◽  
pp. 3950
Author(s):  
Huang-Ju Liang ◽  
Ming-Jiuan Wu ◽  
Jih-Shuin Jerng ◽  
Chiang-Hsing Yang
Keyword(s):  
Subgroup Analysis ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Dust Storms ◽  
Medical Utilization ◽  
Smoking Ban ◽  
Utilization Rate ◽  
Research Database ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Prevention Act

Environmental air quality can affect asthma control and the development of overt asthmatic manifestations. In this population-based study, we investigated the effect of reinforcing a smoking ban in Taiwan through the enactment of the Tobacco Hazards and Prevention Act (THPA) on healthcare utilization rate by asthmatics. Analysis was performed based on data relevant to non-hospitalized asthmatic patients with insurance claims between 2005 and 2013 from the National Health Insurance Research Database of Taiwan, reported data on Asian dust storms, and penalty rates for violations of the tobacco ban. Poisson regression showed that the risk for outpatient visits for asthma was lower after enactment of the THPA (RR = 0.98, 95% CI = 0.98–0.99), with a yearly trend of a reduced risk (RR = 0.99, 95% CI = 0.99–1.00), also lower in geographic regions with medium (RR = 0.79, 95% CI = 0.79–0.80) and high (RR = 0.91, 95% CI = 0.91–0.92) penalty rates. Subgroup analysis showed that asthma visit rates were reduced in both male and female groups after the enactment of the THPA. The risk of an asthma ER visit was increased after the enactment of the amended THPA (RR = 1.07, 95% CI = 1.05–1.09), although the yearly trend was not significant (RR = 1.00, 95% CI = 1.00–1.00). The risk of emergency room visits for asthma was significantly reduced in regions with medium (RR = 0.68, 95% CI = 0.68–0.69) and high (RR = 0.75, 95% CI = 0.74–0.76) penalty rates. Subgroup analysis showed that the visit rates were similar in both male and female groups. The effectiveness of reinforcing the smoking ban warrants further policies aimed at further reducing passive smoking.

Diabetics' Self-Report of Medical Utilization: A Test of Validity

1982 ◽  
Vol 50 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1160-1162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ira Daniel Turkat
Keyword(s):  
Chronically Ill ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Medical Utilization ◽  
Utilization Rate ◽  
Unexpected Finding ◽  
Self Reports ◽  
Recorded Data ◽  
Diabetes Center ◽  
The Relationship

This report details a test of the validity of long-term estimates of medical utilization rate among a chronically ill population. The relationship between diabetics' reported frequencies of ambulatory visits to the Diabetes Center over an 18-mo. period and clinic recorded data were evaluated. A high, positive, and significant correlation was observed, providing support for the validity of self-reports. An unexpected finding was that 60% of the subjects over-estimated frequency of clinic visits. The need for empirical assessment of this commonly used measure is discussed.

scholarly journals Study on the Spatial Form of Marginal Space of the Street and Crowd Behavior -Take Tanhualin Historic District as an example

2021 ◽  
Vol 233 ◽  
pp. 03067
Author(s):  
Shunzhe Pei
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Image Data ◽  
Utilization Rate ◽  
Crowd Behavior ◽  
Spatial Form ◽  
Space Utilization ◽  
Historic Districts ◽  
Rational Development ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Subject

While people tend to overlook marginal space, it is the most important space for communication and integration. This paper took the historic districts of Tanhualin as the subject to explore the spatial elements, spatial characteristics and crowd behaviors of different types of marginal space from the perspective of typology. Based on the number of active users and the space utilization rate, we evaluated the marginal space using image data analysis. This paper explored the design of marginal space, providing references on the rational development of marginal space of urban blocks and improvement of marginal space.

Crowd behavior observation for military simulation

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlotta M. Boone ◽  
Ryland C. Gaskins ◽  
Mikel D. Petty
Keyword(s):  
Crowd Behavior ◽  
Behavior Observation

RESEARCH AND EVALUATE TREATMENT EFFICIENCY ON TAPIOCA PROCESSING INDUSTRIAL WASTEWATER BY AEROBIC BIOFILTER TECHNOLOGY WITH VARIOUS MATERIALS

2010 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 54-66
Author(s):  
Phuong Thi Thanh Nguyen ◽  
Phuoc Van Nguyen ◽  
Anh Cam Thieu
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Industrial Wastewater ◽  
Utilization Rate ◽  
Organic Loading ◽  
Treatment Efficiency ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Loading Rates

This study was performed to evaluate the efficiency of tapioca processing wastewater treatment using aerobic biofilter with variety of biofilter media: coir, coal, PVC plastic and Bio - Ball BB15 plastic. Research results in the lab demonstrated all four aerobic biofilter models processed can treated completely N and COD which COD reached 90-98% and N reached 61-92%, respectively, at the organic loading rates in range of 0.5, 1, 1.5 and 2 kgCOD/m3.day. The results identified coir filter was the best in four researched materials with removal COD and specific substract utilization rate can reach 98%, and 0.6 kg COD/kgVSS.day. Research results open the new prospects for the application of the cheap materials, available for wastewater treatment.

The Impact of a Chemostat Discharge Containing Oil Degrading Bacteria on the Biological Kinetics of a Refinery Activated Sludge Process

1988 ◽  
Vol 20 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 131-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. D. Wong ◽  
C. D. Goldsmith
Keyword(s):  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Retention Time ◽  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Utilization Rate ◽  
Activated Sludge Process ◽  
Kinetic Evaluation ◽  
Degrading Bacteria ◽  
Waste Treatment Plant ◽  
The Impact

The effect of discharging specific oil degrading bacteria from a chemostat to a refinery activated sludge process was determined biokinetically. Plant data for the kinetic evaluation of the waste treatment plant was collected before and during treatment. During treatment, the 500 gallon chemostatic growth chamber was operated on an eight hour hydraulic retention time, at a neutral pH, and was fed a mixture of refinery wastewater and simple sugars. The biokinetic constants k (days−1), Ks (mg/L), and K (L/mg-day) were determined before and after treatment by Monod and Lineweaver-Burk plots. Solids discharged and effluent organic concentrations were also evaluated against the mean cell retention time (MCRT). The maximum utilization rate, k, was found to increase from 0.47 to 0.95 days−1 during the operation of the chemostat. Subsequently, Ks increased from 141 to 556 mg/L. Effluent solids were shown to increase slightly with treatment. However, this was acceptable due to the polishing pond and the benefit of increased ability to accept shock loads of oily wastewater. The reason for the increased suspended solids in the effluent was most likely due to the continual addition of bacteria in exponential growth that were capable of responding to excess substrate. The effect of the chemostatic addition of specific microbial inocula to the refinery waste treatment plant has been to improve the overall organic removal capacity along with subsequent gains in plant stability.

A Technique to Determine Unsteady-State Inhibition Kinetics in the Activated Sludge Process

1989 ◽  
Vol 21 (6-7) ◽  
pp. 593-602 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew T. Watkin ◽  
W. Wesley Eckenfelder
Keyword(s):  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Kinetic Parameters ◽  
Curve Fitting ◽  
Glucose Utilization ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Synthetic Data ◽  
Utilization Rate ◽  
Fitting Algorithm ◽  
Test Reactor ◽  
Two Parameter

A technique for rapidly determining Monod and inhibition kinetic parameters in activated sludge is evaluated. The method studied is known as the fed-batch reactor technique and requires approximately three hours to complete. The technique allows for a gradual build-up of substrate in the test reactor by introducing the substrate at a feed rate greater than the maximum substrate utilization rate. Both inhibitory and non-inhibitory substrate responses are modeled using a nonlinear numerical curve-fitting technique. The responses of both glucose and 2,4-dichlorophenol (DCP) are studied using activated sludges with various acclimation histories. Statistically different inhibition constants, KI, for DCP inhibition of glucose utilization were found for the various sludges studied. The curve-fitting algorithm was verified in its ability to accurately retrieve two kinetic parameters from synthetic data generated by superimposing normally distributed random error onto the two parameter numerical solution generated by the algorithm.

Inhibition kinetics for propionate degradation using propionate-enriched mixed cultures

1998 ◽  
Vol 38 (8-9) ◽  
pp. 443-451 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. H. Hyun ◽  
J. C. Young ◽  
I. S. Kim
Keyword(s):  
Phase I ◽  
Competitive Inhibition ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Phase Iii ◽  
Utilization Rate ◽  
Inhibition Kinetics ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Propionate Degradation ◽  
Acetate Utilization ◽  
Velocity Coefficient

To study propionate inhibition kinetics, seed cultures for the experiment were obtained from a propionate-enriched steady-state anaerobic Master Culture Reactor (MCR) operated under a semi-continuous mode for over six months. The MCR received a loading of 1.0 g propionate COD/l-day and was maintained at a temperature of 35±1°C. Tests using serum bottle reactors consisted of four phases. Phase I tests were conducted for measurement of anaerobic gas production as a screening step for a wide range of propionate concentrations. Phase II was a repeat of phase I but with more frequent sampling and detailed analysis of components in the liquid sample using gas chromatography. In phase III, different concentrations of acetate were added along with 1.0 g propionate COD/l to observe acetate inhibition of propionate degradation. Finally in phase IV, different concentrations of propionate were added along with 100 and 200 mg acetate/l to confirm the effect of mutual inhibition. Biokinetic and inhibition coefficients were obtained using models of Monod, Haldane, and Han and Levenspiel through the use of non-linear curve fitting technique. Results showed that the values of kp, maximum propionate utilization rate, and Ksp, half-velocity coefficient for propionate conversion, were 0.257 mg HPr/mg VSS-hr and 200 mg HPr/l, respectively. The values of kA, maximum acetate utilization rate, and KsA, half-velocity coefficient for acetate conversion, were 0.216 mg HAc/mg VSS-hr and 58 mg HAc/l, respectively. The results of phase III and IV tests indicated there was non-competitive inhibition when the acetate concentration in the reactor exceeded 200 mg/l.

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