Twin Studies in Sport and Physical Performance

1970 ◽  
Vol 19 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 80-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Venerando ◽  
M. Milani-Comparetti
Keyword(s):  
Physical Education ◽  
Sports Medicine ◽  
Scientific Information ◽  
Practical Importance ◽  
Twin Studies ◽  
Recent Book ◽  
Oxygen Intake ◽  
Crucial Experiment ◽  
Maximum Oxygen Intake ◽  
And Training

In his recent book Dr. Roy J. Schepherd states that:“Further information of genetic effects is likely to be derived from comparisons of identical (monozygotic) and fraternal (dizygotic) twins. Gedda (1961) has already shown that identical twins are more likely to have a similar interest in sports than are fraternal twins. It would be interesting to carry out comparisons of maximum oxygen intake and other objective measurements of endurance fitness on the two classes of twins, but this crucial experiment has yet to be completed”.We are very glad to be able to announce here that Dr. Schepherd's wish is being fulfilled within the scope of a wider research project undertaken jointly by the Gregor Mendel Institute for Medical Genetics and Twin Research and the Italian Olympic Committee's Institute of Sports Medicine under the auspices of the Italian Sports Medicine Federation.The studies we have undertaken aim to assess the respective roles of genetic and environmental factors as related to selection and training in sports and physical education.The twin method affords, through a comparison of MZ and DZ within-pair concordances, an assessment of the degree of genetic conditioning in any individual trait.It is quite obvious that the possible influence of training on any given trait is inversely proportional to the degree of genetic conditioning of the same trait.If a given trait, required for a certain type of activity, is completely or almost completely conditioned by the genotype, we should seek those who have inherited it from their parents without wasting time and effort in useless training sessions.As we can see, the scientific information we are seeking has great practical importance in the selection and training of athletes in every single field of sports and physical education.

scholarly journals The effect of COVID-19 quarantine on physical and social parameters of physical education providers and youth sport coaches

Work ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 767-769
Author(s):  
Sanaz Faraji ◽  
Mahboubeh Ghayour Najafabadi ◽  
Mitch Rostad ◽  
Albert Thomas Anastasio
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Physical Education ◽  
Sports Medicine ◽  
Physical Inactivity ◽  
Sedentary Lifestyle ◽  
Youth Sport ◽  
Physical Nature ◽  
Depressive Mood ◽  
Social Disconnection ◽  
Sport Coaches

The potential ramifications of the COVID-19 pandemic global shut down on physical education providers and youth sport coaches may be particularly severe due to substantial cutbacks on many of their normal activities. This population faces unique challenges in engaging in “virtual learning” given the physical nature of their job, potentially leading to sedentary lifestyle, weight gain, and the development of depressive mood disorders. This commentary aims to explore options to mitigate worsening of stress, depression, physical inactivity, and social disconnection in youth sport coaches following the guidelines of the American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) and to call attention to this vulnerable demographic which has been substantially impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic.

Application of Information Technology in Physical Education and Training

2014 ◽  
Vol 926-930 ◽  
pp. 4465-4468
Author(s):  
Yue Jun Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Educational Technology ◽  
Physical Education ◽  
Education Curriculum ◽  
Present Stage ◽  
Continuous Development ◽  
Physical Education And Training ◽  
Technology In Teaching ◽  
Educational Field ◽  
And Training

With the continuous development of information technology, more and more fields have used the technology to promote the development of the industry, which included educational field. At the present stage, many colleges all introduce information technology into the education. In recent years, there are much application of information technology in physical education. The technology in teaching makes the class content more abundant. In the meanwhile, it relieves teachers’ workload to a large extent, and improves students’ studying enthusiasm. At present, college physical education curriculum has started to introduce advanced information educational technology. This paper mainly analyzes the specific application of information technology in physical education.

POINT: Is it Time to Rethink Aerobic Exercise Prescription Methods?

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 94-96
Author(s):  
Carlo Ferri Marini ◽  
Francesco Lucertini ◽  
James S. Skinner
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Sports Medicine ◽  
Exercise Prescription ◽  
Oxygen Intake ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages

ABSTRACT Exercise prescription is complex and can vary greatly. As well, methods have their own advantages and disadvantages. The purpose of this discussion is to consider if some of these methods should be modified. We look at the concept of the heart rate and oxygen intake reserve because it is recommended by the American College of Sports Medicine.

scholarly journals The peculiarities of elaboration of the French-Ukrainian and UkrainianFrench dictionary of physical education and sport

XLinguae ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 282-298
Author(s):  
Rostyslav Koval ◽  
Olha Romanchuk ◽  
Ulyana Protsenko ◽  
Andrii Sova ◽  
Olesia Tatarovska
Keyword(s):  
Physical Education ◽  
Sports Medicine ◽  
Sporting Activity ◽  
Medical Professions

In this article we analyze the principles of elaboration of the French-Ukrainian and Ukrainian-French dictionary of physical education and sport / PES. In the dictionary, we include the terms to name the sites where a sporting activity takes place; the names of players and sportsmen; medical professions; equipment and accessories; sports; competitions and rules; people and structures that follow these regulations; institutions and organizations; verbs related to sport; techniques and styles; results, procedures and reactions; sports medicine terminology. The practical results will improve the possibilities of teaching French for students of physical education and sport, and for those who want to learn French for specific purposes (PES).

scholarly journals Specificity of the network model of innovation activity in biomedical sector in the context of protection of intellectual property

2021 ◽  
pp. 58-83
Author(s):  
Ksenia Michailovna Belikova
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Property ◽  
Network Model ◽  
Open Innovation ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Scientific Information ◽  
Practical Importance ◽  
Scientific Progress ◽  
Business Strategies ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
Dialectical Logic

This article aims to prove the working hypothesis, as well as determine and analyze the peculiarities of the network model of open innovation activity in biomedical sector in the context of protection of intellectual property in Russia and abroad, based on examination of the real projects implemented within the framework of this strategy by the organizations (for example, Structural Genomics Consortium) and companies (Bayer, AstraZeneca, FabRx, Biogen, Vertex Pharmaceuticals). The article employs the methods of induction and deduction, formal and dialectical logic for revealing the benefits of network cooperation and open innovation strategy, which substantiates the objective need for the business strategies, methods and mechanisms for the production and protection of scientific information and results of intellectual property in the context of development of new technologies (such, blockchain), which are discussed in the article. The relevance, theoretical and practical importance of the conducted research lie in the fact that the network “open” and traditional “closed” methods of production of the new scientific knowledge have their merits and flaws that may influence the scientific progress and innovation-driven growth. The experience of foreign institutes, scientific centers, and companies can be valuable in seeking the answers to the analogous questions associated with the development, substantiation, and recognition of collaborations based on the open innovations of the Russian Federation. The results acquired by the author are also reflected in the ideas that in the sphere of biotechnologies, the projects implemented in within the open innovations strategy may have different configurations (domestic and supranational), however pursuing a single goal –  to create a more effective specific therapy for various diseases, which would promote network collaboration, and by common consent, can be achieved via three vectors of research, while legal certainty and security can be ensured by blockchain technology.

scholarly journals Peculiarities of the use of volleyball means in groups of sports improvement of students of higher education institutions

2021 ◽  
pp. 7-9
Author(s):  
S. Abramov ◽  
D. Tomashevsky
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Physical Education ◽  
Motor Activity ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Personal Development ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Higher Education Institutions ◽  
Daily Exercise ◽  
Education Of Students ◽  
And Training

The article considers the peculiarities of the use of volleyball in groups of sports improvement of students of higher education institutions. The current state of physical fitness of student youth is characterized. The need to improve the system of sports training of volleyball students in connection with changes in government, structural, logistical, economic conditions, the need to educate young people in a healthy lifestyle, one of the main factors of which should be daily exercise . It is established that the existing system of physical education of students on the basis of traditional provisions of current organizational and methodological programs does not provide fully effective rehabilitation, education and upbringing of students from the standpoint of conscious mandatory motor activity and personal needs in solving important tasks of personal development. The reforms carried out in the modern system of higher education have deeply affected the physical education of student youth. The most important role in the general and professional development of students of higher education institutions belongs to physical education, both as a discipline and as one of the subsystems of the holistic pedagogical process. One of the ways to solve this problem is to reorient the target programs of different types of physical culture to meet the needs of personal orientations, interests and personal goals of each student, more fully take into account the level of physical development and physical fitness, targeted use of training loads. It is for each of the cultivated types of sports activities in higher education institutions it is necessary to develop a goal, objectives, tools, forms and a comprehensive educational and training complex. This becomes possible only on the basis of the development and application of new educational and training technologies aimed at conscious motor activity of female students of higher education institutions in the chosen sport.

PHYSIOLOGICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL CHANGES IN ADOLESCENT JUDO ATHLETES CAUSED BY TRAINING DURING START PERIOD

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (78) ◽  
pp. 57-64
Author(s):  
Jan Jaszczanin ◽  
Wojciech Przybylski ◽  
Waldemar Moska ◽  
Egle Kemeryte-Riaubiene ◽  
Grzegorz Chruściński
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Anaerobic Capacity ◽  
Growth Period ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Functional Adaptation ◽  
Anaerobic Performance ◽  
Oxygen Intake ◽  
Training Experience ◽  
Maximum Oxygen Intake ◽  
Judo Athletes

Study aim: The goal of the present study was to estimate and compare dynamics of physical fitness indices of judo athletes and non-sporting persons aged 11-17 years during this stage ontogeny and their importance of the body’s functional adaptation. Study material: The studies involved 47 judo athletes, 11–17 years old, who were divided into three age groups GP 11-13 years n=16; GP 14-15 years n=16; GP 16-17 years n=15, and 48 schoolchildren not involved in sports GK 11-13 years n=16; GK 14-15 years n=15; GK 16-17 years n=17. Aerobic and anaerobic capacity was studied in all groups. The initial studies were carried out in January and follow-up studies were conducted six months later. Results: Power indicators increased in all groups, but judo athletes’ anaerobic capacity was significantly higher comparing to other groups. Judo athletes’ simulation fights resulted in increased La concentrations, pH changes, and heart rate alterations, whereas the level of changes depended on athletes’ age, training, and training experience. Comparison of maximum oxygen intake parameters of judo players and untrained children of the same age did not reveal significant differences between these groups. Wrestlers aged 12 and 16 years presented significantly higher anaerobic prevalence in comparison with untrained children. The differences indicate that anaerobic performance potential in older judo athletes (16 years old and above) is increased, which is reflected by a higher intensity and elevated exercise loads as well as training experience. Conclusions: No significant differences were reported in terms of VO2 max between the study groups. The indicators of anaerobic performance of children training in judo (W/kg, W average /kg, Time achieved max power, Time to maintain max power) were significantly better in comparison with untrained peers. The maximum loads (Wingate test, especially in simulative judo fights) caused a significant increase in La levels accompanied by a decrease in pH in the chosen period of growth period.

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