COGNITION AND THE BODY: SOMATIC ATTRIBUTIONS IN IRRITABLE BOWEL SYNDROME

2003 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryanne Martin ◽  
Catherine Crane
Keyword(s):  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Attributional Style ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
The Body ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Treatment Seeking ◽  
Considerable Proportion ◽  
Physiological Symptoms ◽  
Irritable Bowel ◽  
Treatment Seekers

How do somatic causal attributions for symptoms relate to treatment seeking behaviour in Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS)? How might a tendency to make somatic attributions influence an individual's cognitive representation of their illness once a diagnosis of IBS is established? In Study 1 attributions about symptoms were investigated in treatment-seekers and non treatment-seekers with IBS. Treatment-seekers had an increased tendency to make somatic attributions for both gastrointestinal symptoms and physiological symptoms characteristic of anxiety and depression, although they did not differ from non treatment-seekers in the severity of these symptoms or in their reports of psychological distress. Treatment-seekers also perceived themselves to be significantly less resistant to illness and to be significantly more likely to have poor health in the future than non treatment-seekers. In Study 2, 20 treatment seekers with chronic symptoms of IBS completed measures of mood and of the degree to which they viewed a range of symptoms as a part of their IBS. Physiological symptoms of anxiety and depression were seen as a part of IBS by a considerable proportion of the sample. Higher levels of depression were associated with an increased tendency to see physiological symptoms of anxiety and depression and even symptoms of colds as “a part of” IBS. It is concluded that a somatic attributional style may contribute both to initial treatment seeking for symptoms of IBS and the subsequent maintenance and exacerbation of the disorder once a diagnosis is established.

scholarly journals Association of Habitual Dietary Fiber Intake and Fecal Microbiome Gene Abundance with Gastrointestinal Symptoms in an Irritable Bowel Syndrome Cohort

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 1581-1581
Author(s):  
Nicole Roy ◽  
Phoebe Heenan ◽  
Catherine Wall ◽  
Wayne Young ◽  
Caterina Carco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Dietary Fibre ◽  
Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Fecal Microbiome ◽  
Fibre Intake ◽  
Gi Symptoms ◽  
Irritable Bowel

Abstract Objectives Dietary fibre supplementation is recognised as important for functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGID). The exact role of the microbiome in this relationship remains unclear. We explored differences in dietary fibre intake, GI symptoms and the fecal microbiome in those with FGID. Methods The COMFORT cohort is an observational case control study examining FGID, particularly irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) aetiology (Ethics 16/NTA/21). Participants prospectively completed a food and GI symptoms diary over 3 days. Severity of GI symptoms and mood disorders were assessed using clinical questionnaires; SAGIS and PROMIS for GI symptoms and HADS for anxiety and depression. Fecal samples were analysed by shotgun sequencing; 95 healthy controls (HC), 22 constipation IBS (IBS-C) and 50 diarrhea IBS (IBS-D). Taxonomic classifications were assigned by aligning sequences against the NCBI non-redundant database using DIAMOND. Results Diet diaries were completed by 292 participants (176 cases, 71.2% female). Average daily fibre intake was higher in HC compared to FGID (23.99g, 95% CI = –2.06-0.55; 20.28g, 95% CI = -1.96-0.45; P < 0.05). Low fibre daily intake (< 15g) was associated with higher depression scores (P < 0.05) and increased anxiety in those with functional diarrhea (r2 = -0.554, P = 0.03). A negative association between fibre consumption and increased bloating in IBS (r2 = -0.19, P = 0.04) was also found. The GI microbiome in IBS was characterised by differences in Firmicutes belonging to the Lachnospiraceae family (e.g., Blautia and Ruminococcus, P < 0.05). Other differentiating taxa included Bilophila (higher in IBS-D) and Methanobrevibacter (lower in IBS-D) (P < 0.05). At the phylum level, bloating and constipation were correlated with Firmicutes relative abundance, and negatively correlated with Bacteroides (canonical r > |0.5|). At the genus level, Blautia were correlated with diarrhea and faecal incontinence (canonical r > 0.5). Conclusions Higher fibre consumption was associated with decreased bloating, anxiety and depression in different FGID subgroups. IBS was also associated with altered fecal microbiome composition including some taxa linked to carbohydrate and hydrogen metabolism. Funding Sources Funded by the Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment through the High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge.

scholarly journals Subjective Taste and Smell Changes in Conjunction with Anxiety and Depression Are Associated with Symptoms in Patients with Functional Constipation and Irritable Bowel Syndrome

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Jie Liu ◽  
Chaolan Lv ◽  
Dandan Wu ◽  
Ying Wang ◽  
Chenyu Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Functional Constipation ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Hamilton Depression Scale ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Irritable Bowel ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Taste And Smell

Background. Patients with functional constipation (FC) and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) often report psychological abnormalities and decreased eating enjoyment. Several patients also complain of changes in the sense of smell and taste, but these are often disregarded clinically. Aims. Therefore, there is a need to determine whether taste/smell disturbances and psychological abnormalities are present in patients with FC or IBS and whether these are related to the severity of lower gastrointestinal symptoms. Methods. A total of 337 subjects were recruited, including FC ( n = 115 ), IBS ( n = 126 ), and healthy controls ( n = 96 ). All participants completed questionnaires evaluating taste and smell (taste and smell survey (TSS)), Lower Gastrointestinal Symptoms Rating Scale (LGSRS), Hamilton anxiety scale (HAMA), and Hamilton depression scale (HAMD). TSS recorded information on the nature of taste and smell changes (TSCs) and the impact of these changes on the quality of life. LGSRS was used to assess the severity of lower gastrointestinal symptoms; HAMA and HAMD scales were used to reflect the psychosocial state. This study protocol was registered on the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (No. ChiCTR-2100044643). Results. Firstly, we found that taste and smell scores were higher in patients with IBS than in healthy controls. Secondly, for FC and IBS patients, LGSRS was significantly correlated with the taste score ( Spearma n ’ s   rho = 0.832 , P < 0.001 ). LGSRS was also significantly correlated with HAMA ( Spearma n ’ s   rho = 0.357 , P = 0.017 ) and HAMD ( Spearma n ’ s   rho = 0.377 , P = 0.012 ). In addition, the taste score was significantly correlated with HAMD ( Spearma n ’ s   rho = 0.479 , P = 0.001 ), while the smell score was also significantly correlated with HAMD ( Spearma n ’ s   rho = 0.325 , P = 0.031 ). Thirdly, 60.87% and 71.43% of patients complained of taste abnormality, while 65.22% and 71.43% had smell abnormality in the FC and IBS groups, respectively. Meanwhile, 47.83% and 47.62% of patients suffered from anxiety, while 43.48% and 57.14% suffered from depression in the FC and IBS groups, respectively. Finally, we found significant differences in the taste, smell, HAMD, and LGSRS scores between the female and male IBS groups ( P < 0.050 ). Conclusions. TSCs and psychological disorders are prominent in FC and IBS patients. Taste abnormalities, as well as anxiety and depression, are significantly correlated with LGSRS. Awareness of this high prevalence of taste/smell abnormalities and the psychological changes among patients with FC and IBS may help better predict and understand the severity of symptoms.

scholarly journals Digestive symptoms in daily life of chronic adrenal insufficiency patients are similar to irritable bowel syndrome symptoms

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Quénéhervé ◽  
D. Drui ◽  
J. Blin ◽  
M. Péré ◽  
E. Coron ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Adrenal Insufficiency ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Non Profit ◽  
Acute Adrenal Insufficiency ◽  
Irritable Bowel ◽  
Rome Iv

AbstractGastrointestinal symptoms are frequent in acute adrenal insufficiency. Although digestive symptoms can significantly reduce quality of life, they are rarely described in patients with treated chronic adrenal insufficiency (CAI). We aimed to characterize digestive symptoms in CAI patients. We used the section pertaining functional bowel disorders of the Rome IV questionnaire. A questionnaire was published on the website of the non-profit patient association “Adrenals” (NPPA of CAI patients) for five months. Information on demographics, characteristics of adrenal insufficiency, digestive symptoms and quality of life was collected. The relatives of CAI patients served as a control group. We analyzed responses of 33 control subjects and 119 patients (68 primary adrenal insufficiency (PAI), 30 secondary adrenal insufficiency (SAI) and 21 congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH)). Abdominal pain at least once a week over the past 3 months was reported by 40%, 47% and 33% of patients with PAI, SAI and CAH respectively versus 15% for the controls (p = 0.01). Symptoms were consistent with the Rome IV criteria for irritable bowel syndrome in 27%, 33% and 33% of patients respectively versus 6% for the controls (p < 0.0001). Quality of life was described as poor or very poor in 35%, 57% and 24% of patients respectively versus 5% for the controls (p < 0.0001). In conclusion, digestive symptoms are frequent and incapacitating in CAI patients and similar to symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome in 30% of CAI patients. Assessment and management of digestive symptoms should be considered a priority for physicians treating patients with CAI.

scholarly journals Irritable bowel syndrome in midlife women: a narrative review

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pei-Lin Yang ◽  
Margaret M. Heitkemper ◽  
Kendra J. Kamp
Keyword(s):  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Midlife Women ◽  
Pelvic Surgery ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Hormonal Changes ◽  
Seek Health Care ◽  
Multiple Challenges ◽  
Irritable Bowel

AbstractMidlife women between the ages of 40 and 65 years have reported multiple challenges due to menopausal, developmental, and situational transitions from younger to older adulthood. During the midlife period, many women seek health care for gastrointestinal symptoms and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Multiple factors including stress, poor sleep, diet, and physical inactivity may contribute to IBS or gastrointestinal symptoms in midlife women. As such, a comprehensive assessment and treatment approach is needed for midlife women suffering gastrointestinal symptoms. This article reviews the main aspects of the menopausal transition, sex hormonal changes, abdominal and pelvic surgery, psychosocial distress, behavioral factors, and gut microbiome, as well as their relevance on IBS and gastrointestinal symptoms in midlife women. Also, management strategies for IBS in midlife women are discussed. To date, gastrointestinal symptoms during midlife years remain a critical area of women’s health. Additional research is needed to better understand the contributors to gastrointestinal symptoms in this group. Such efforts may provide a new window to refine or develop treatments of gastrointestinal symptoms for midlife women.

scholarly journals Relationship Between Patterns of Alcohol Consumption and Gastrointestinal Symptoms Among Patients With Irritable Bowel Syndrome

2013 ◽  
Vol 108 (2) ◽  
pp. 270-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kerryn W Reding ◽  
Kevin C Cain ◽  
Monica E Jarrett ◽  
Margaret D Eugenio ◽  
Margaret M Heitkemper
Keyword(s):  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Irritable Bowel

scholarly journals Serotonin Level and Lipid Metabolism Indices in Patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome with Constipation Against the Background of Various Degrees of Obesity

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vasyl Mishchuk ◽  
Galina Grygoruk
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Functional Constipation ◽  
The Body ◽  
Normal Body Mass Index ◽  
Serotonin Level ◽  
Irritable Bowel

Recent research shows that the number of diseases associated with obesity has been increasing. In obese persons, association with functional constipation is noted in 24.0% of cases, and obesity is recorded in 60.0% of patients with functional constipation. Among the possible mechanisms for the development of such a combination are changes in serotonin level in the blood, although the existing data are ambiguous and sometimes controversial.The objective of the study is to investigate the changes in serotonin level in the blood of obese patients in combination with constipation and its relationship with the lipid profile of the blood.Materials and methods. 63 patients with obesity in combination with irritable bowel syndrome with constipation (IBSc), 24 patients with normal body mass index and 10 practically healthy people were examined. 25 patients with obesity and constipation had a body mass index of 32.8±0.24kg/m2, 28 patients – 37.8±kg/m2, and 10 patients – 42.6±0.5kg/m2. In patients with irritable bowel syndrome without obesity, the body mass index was 21.7±0.4kg/m2. The blood serotonin level and lipid profile of the blood was determined in all patients.Results. It was deermined that in case of irritable bowel syndrome with constipation, serotonin level in the blood was reduced. In obesity with IBSc, the concentration of serotonin, on the contrary, was elevated. All patients with IBSc and obesity were marked an elevated level of total cholesterol and triglycerides. A direct correlation between high levels of triglycerides and serotonin concentration in serum of such comorbid patients was detected. The increase in the degree of obesity in the presence of IBSc was accompanied by a decrease in the concentration of cholesterol of high density lipoprotein. Patients with IBSc without excessive body weight had no such deviations.Conclusions. With an increase in the degree of obesity, serotonin level in the blood increases and the lipid blood spectrum worsens.

Applying a Low-FODMAP Dietary Intervention to a Female Ultraendurance Runner With Irritable Bowel Syndrome During a Multistage Ultramarathon

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie K. Gaskell ◽  
Ricardo J.S. Costa
Keyword(s):  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Dietary Intervention ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome Symptom ◽  
Carbohydrate Intake ◽  
Severe Nausea ◽  
Dietary Analysis ◽  
Irritable Bowel ◽  
Fodmap Diet ◽  
The Impact

Malabsorption of fermentable oligo-, di-, mono-saccharides and polyols (FODMAPs) in response to prolonged exercise may increase incidence of upper and lower gastrointestinal symptoms (GIS), which are known to impair exercise performance. This case study aimed to explore the impact of a low-FODMAP diet on exercise-associated GIS in a female ultraendurance runner diagnosed with irritable bowel syndrome, competing in a 6-day 186.7-km mountainous multistage ultramarathon (MSUM). Irritable bowel syndrome symptom severity score at diagnosis was 410 and following a low-FODMAP diet (3.9 g FODMAPs/day) it reduced to 70. The diet was applied 6 days before (i.e., lead-in diet), and maintained during (5.1 g FODMAPs/day) the MSUM. Nutrition intake was analyzed through dietary analysis software. A validated 100-mm visual analog scale quantified GIS incidence and severity. GIS were modest during the MSUM (overall mean ± SD: bloating 27 ± 5 mm and flatulence 23 ± 8 mm), except severe nausea (67 ± 14 mm) experienced throughout. Total daily energy (11.7 ± 1.6 MJ/day) intake did not meet estimated energy requirements (range: 13.9–17.9 MJ/day). Total daily protein [1.4 ± 0.3 g·kg body weight (BW)−1·day−1], carbohydrate (9.1 ± 1.3 g·kg BW−1·day−1), fat (1.1 ± 0.2 g·kg BW−1·day−1), and water (78.7 ± 6.4 ml·kg BW−1·day−1) intakes satisfied current consensus guidelines, except for carbohydrates. Carbohydrate intake during running failed to meet recommendations (43 ± 9 g/hr). The runner successfully implemented a low-FODMAP diet and completed the MSUM with minimal GIS. However, suboptimal energy and carbohydrate intake occurred, potentially exacerbated by nausea associated with running at altitude.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document