Comparing Fading of Oral Narrative Features in Three Balochi Dialects

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-31
Author(s):  
MARYAM NOURZAEI
Keyword(s):  
Close Relation ◽  
The State ◽  
Strong Tendency ◽  
Oral Narrative ◽  
Language Family ◽  
Narrative Texts ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
Frequent Use ◽  
Three Stages

Abstract This paper discusses discourse features such as tail-head linkage and repetition, development devices, associative strategies and subordination in oral narrative texts in the Koroshi (KoB), Sistani (SiB), and Coastal (CoB) dialects of Balochi, all of which belong to the North-West branch of the Iranian language family. The frequency with which these features vary with the dialect, and the variation can be attributed to different stages of orality. Three stages have been identified, with CoB and SiB at the ends of the cline and KoB located in between. CoB is the most conservative dialect, as different aspects of its grammar also show; it demonstrates a pure orality state by its frequent use of tail-head linkage, repetition and juxtaposition, and by the relative infrequency with which it employs associative and subordination strategies. SiB and its close relation Turkmenistan Balochi [TB])1 use associative and subordination strategies more frequently, have fully lexicalised development devices and seldom employs tail-head linkage, repetition and juxtaposition. This loss of oral techniques demonstrates that the state of narration in SiB has switched from oral to written style. Finally, KoB represents a language in a state of transition by using more unmarked tail-head linkage, repetition and juxtaposition and by a strong tendency to employ subordination strategies.

scholarly journals Regionally extinct species rediscovered: the bush dog Speothos venaticus in Minas Gerais, south-eastern Brazil

Oryx ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guilherme Braga Ferreira ◽  
Marcelo Juliano Rabelo Oliveira ◽  
Rogério Cunha de Paula ◽  
Flávio Henrique Guimarães Rodrigues ◽  
Érica Daniele Cunha Carmo
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
The State ◽  
South American ◽  
North West ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
The North ◽  
Eastern Brazil ◽  
Bush Dog ◽  
Speothos Venaticus

AbstractThe bush dog Speothos venaticus, a rare Near Threatened South American canid that lives in packs, was thought to be extinct in Minas Gerais state, south-eastern Brazil, until recently. Here, we report four recent records of the species in Minas Gerais, the first in the state since the description of the species in 1842. All records are from the Cerrado ecosystem in the north and north-west of the state; two are from animals found dead, one from footprints and another from a camera trap. Three of the records were inside or close (< 10 km) to strict protected areas, in a region recognized as the Protected Areas Mosaic Sertão Veredas–Peruaçu, where we expect any new records of the bush dog to be found. We discuss the low probability of detecting the bush dog and the main regional threats to the species, and emphasize the need to protect large and interconnected natural areas and keep them free of domestic dogs to avoid the extinction of the bush dog in Minas Gerais.

Pulmonology service staff N orth­Western Federal District in 2015–2019

MedAlliance ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-101
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare System ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Continuous Medical Education ◽  
The State ◽  
Human Potential ◽  
Respiratory Morbidity ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
Service Staff ◽  
Regional Budgets

Introduction. Prior to detailed review of the North- West Federal District (NWFD) pulmonology service per- formance during the COVID-19 pandemic, it is especial- ly worthwhile to evaluate its human resourcing in the prepandemic period of 2015–2019, since the perfor- mance of pulmonology service largely depends on its staffing, moreover in conditions of restructuring and decreased number of pulmonology bedspace in hospi- tals. Мethods. In the course of the study, the authors have analysed human resourcing data for pulmonology profile within the state healthcare system in NWFD for the period of 2015–2019. The results were statistically processed and data analysis carried out using Micro- soft Office Excel and SPSS software. Results . In the state healthcare system medical institutions of the NWFD throughout 2015–2019, the number of regular pulm- onologists’ positions fluctuated unrhythmically. The number of pulmonologists (MDs) in NWFD grew 0.82% during the period of 2015–2019, for comparison, in the Russian Federation the growth for the same period was 32.08%. The number of operating pulmonology depart- ments remained practically the same, but the number of occupied positions constantly changed. Practically all the pulmonologists in the NWFD have a specialist certi- ficate, but the share of doctors with qualification grade remains insufficient, and is on the decrease. Statistical analysis demonstrated significant positive Pearson cor- relation between the number of pulmonologists and general respiratory incidence (0.74 р=0.04), mortality (0.756 р=0.003), and the number of occupied pulmo- nology bedspace (0.619 р=0.024). Conclusion. Today, pulmonology service human resourcing review is to be conducted taking into account respiratory morbidity and mortality and the need for pulmonology services among the general population. Currently, there is no sci- entifically justified regulatory framework for the deve- lopment of the pulmonology service in NWFD regions, while the work of such services depends very much on the regional budgets and medical services’ tariffs. The development and fast implementation of such compre- hensive measures as salaries’ increase, adequate social support, regular residential and non-residential courses of continuous medical education, professional networ- king, etc. will allow to maintain and holistically develop the human potential of the NWFD pulmonology service.

scholarly journals A Runway Surface Monitor using Internet of Things

2014 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 169-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amedeo Troiano ◽  
Eros Pasero
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Traffic Safety ◽  
The State ◽  
Ice Formation ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Entire System ◽  
Maintenance Costs ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
The Internet Of Things

Abstract The monitoring of runway surfaces, for the detection of ice formation or presence of water, is an important issue for reducing maintenance costs and improving traffic safety. An innovative sensor was developed to detect the presence of ice or water on its surface, and its repeatability, stability and reliability were assessed in different simulations and experiments, performed both in laboratory and in the field. Three sensors were embedded in the runway of the Turin-Caselle airport, in the north-west of Italy, to check the state of its surface. Each sensor was connected to a GPRS modem to send the collected data to a common database. The entire system was installed about three years ago, and up to now it shows correct work and automatic reactivation after malfunctions without any external help. The state of the runway surface is virtual represented in an internet website, using the Internet of Things features and opening new scenarios.

scholarly journals Activity of the Coleman Glacier, Mt. Baker, Washington, U.S.A., 1949–1955

1956 ◽  
Vol 2 (20) ◽  
pp. 708-713
Author(s):  
Kermit B. Bengtson
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
The State ◽  
North West ◽  
Long Period ◽  
The North

AbstractThe Coleman Glacier on Mt. Baker in the State of Washington began to advance about 1949 after a long period of rapid retreat. Since that year the terminus has advanced continuously a total of about 300 m. and considerable thickening of the entire glacier has occurred. The continued advance of the Coleman Glacier and other evidence are interpreted as manifestations of a trend during the last decade towards a slightly cooler and moist climate in the north-west of the United States.

WILTJA: Model of Education Delivery

1993 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-49
Author(s):  
John Amadio
Keyword(s):  
South Australia ◽  
The State ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
The People ◽  
Education Delivery ◽  
Mainstream Culture

The Pitjantjatjara people in the north west of South Australia and the Yalata Community in the far west of the state identify as Anangu (the people) Anangu culture is very different in many ways from the mainstream culture largely associated with urban centres but some of the aspects in common include a desire to maintain their culture and lifestyle, wanting a favourable future for their children and their communities, and a desire to be self managing.

scholarly journals Preparations used in the fight against wireworms and aphids on potato

2019 ◽  
pp. 32-36
Author(s):  
O. V. Dolzhenko ◽  
M. N. Shorokhov ◽  
O. A. Krivchenko
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
New Products ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
The State ◽  
Effective Protection ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
West Region ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
State Registration

In the North-West region of the Russian Federation, studies have been conducted to study the biological efficacy of combination products in the fight against wireworms and aphids - carriers of viruses on potatoes. Studied the effectiveness of new products not yet included in the State catalog of pesticides: Bombard, CS (130+90+60 g/l), Wibrans Max, CS (262.5+25+25 g/l), as well as combined insecticides - by spraying during the growing season - Dexter, KS (115+106 g/l) and Eforia, KS (106+141 g/l). These preparations provide effective protection of potatoes against wireworms and aphids and can be recommended for use after their state registration and inclusion in the State Catalog of pesticides and agrochemicals permitted for use on the territory of the Russian Federation.

scholarly journals Sources of Conflict in Pastoral Lands: A Case Study in the Milan tribe in the North-West Region of Iran

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-36
Author(s):  
Bagher Hoseinpour ◽  
◽  
Sibel Kalaycioglu ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Identity ◽  
Economic Importance ◽  
The State ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
North West ◽  
Political Incentives ◽  
The North ◽  
Meaning Systems ◽  
West Part ◽  
Meaning System

Purpose: Sociologically, conflict is a “struggle over values and claims to scarce status, power and resources”. Land, as a most valuable asset and a source of wealth and power, a basis for livelihood, a subject for geopolitical purposes, a matter of territorial importance, and a substance for cultural identity, is introduced as a subject of conflict in communal pastoral lands of the Milan nomadic tribe in North-west part of Iran. Three actors are recognized in the field that have conflict over the lands; the State, nomads, and peasants. The main objective of this article is to understand contradictory interaction among the actors and analyze the source and dynamics of social conflict among them. To pursue this objective, theories of conflict including Dahrendorf (1959) and the differentiated meaning system approach are adopted. Methods: Applying the Qualitative method, six sub-tribes from Milan (located in winter pastures) and three peasantry villages (located in summer pastures) were selected as samples, and deep semi-structured interviews were conducted. Results: According to results, it is revealed that conflicts are concentrated around economic, historical, and political incentives, but differentiated meaning systems are also the source of conflict and inconsistencies among the actors. Conclusion: Our study showed that pastures had a variety of meanings and values for actors: for the State, pastures had political, environmental, and economic importance while for peasants, they merely had economic importance and for nomadic groups, economic, cultural (identity), and territorial factors were prime impetuses. For actors, sources of conflicts, their solutions, and reconciliation strategies are also different and in most cases, they are contradictory.

The new lichen species Micarea corallothallina from Serra da Jibóia, an Atlantic rainforest enclave in Bahia, NE Brazil

2013 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 371-373 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcela Eugenia da Silva CÁCERES ◽  
Danyelle Andrade MOTA ◽  
Luciana Santos de JESUS ◽  
André APTROOT
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
The State ◽  
Lichen Species ◽  
Atlantic Rainforest ◽  
Southern Coast ◽  
Mata Atlântica ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
Maximum Elevation ◽  
Mata Atlantica

AbstractThe new species Micarea corallothallina is described from Serra da Jibóia, Bahia, NE Brazil. It has a gnarled, coralloid, isidiose thallus and pale botryose apothecia. It was found in the Serra da Jibóia, a mountainous range with a maximum elevation of 800 m on smooth bark of trees. This Mata Atlantica fragment is located in the Santa Terezinha municipality, Bahia, NE Brazil, near the Castro Alves municipality boundary. This area can be considered as a rainforest enclave surrounded by Caatinga, and belongs to a disjunct set of mountains that extend from the southern coast of the state to the North-west and North.

scholarly journals What are the prospects for seasonal prediction of the marine environment of the North-west European Shelf?

Ocean Science ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 887-909 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Tinker ◽  
Justin Krijnen ◽  
Richard Wood ◽  
Rosa Barciela ◽  
Stephen R. Dye
Keyword(s):  
Marine Environment ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Seasonal Forecast ◽  
The State ◽  
Seasonal Forecasts ◽  
Dynamic Downscaling ◽  
North West ◽  
Annual Variability ◽  
The North ◽  
European Shelf

Abstract. Sustainable management and utilisation of the North-west European Shelf (NWS) seas could benefit from reliable forecasts of the marine environment on monthly to seasonal timescales. Recent advances in global seasonal forecast systems and regional marine reanalyses for the NWS allow us to investigate the potential for seasonal forecasts of the state of the NWS. We identify three possible approaches to address this issue: (A) basing NWS seasonal forecasts directly on output from the Met Office's GloSea5 global seasonal forecast system; (B) developing empirical downscaling relationships between large-scale climate drivers predicted by GloSea5 and the state of the NWS; and (C) dynamically downscaling GloSea5 using a regional model. We show that the GloSea5 system can be inadequate for simulating the NWS directly (approach A). We explore empirical relationships between the winter North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) and NWS variables estimated using a regional reanalysis (approach B). We find some statistically significant relationships and present a skillful prototype seasonal forecast for English Channel sea surface temperature. We find large-scale relationships between inter-annual variability in the boundary conditions and inter-annual variability modelled on the shelf, suggesting that dynamic downscaling may be possible (approach C). We also show that for some variables there are opposing mechanisms correlated with the NAO, for which dynamic downscaling may improve on the skill possible with empirical forecasts. We conclude that there is potential for the development of reliable seasonal forecasts for the NWS and consider the research priorities for their development.

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