The requirement of the gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata L.) for nicotinic acid

1995 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 437-443 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. C. Morris ◽  
S. J. Davies
Keyword(s):  
Nicotinic Acid ◽  
Sparus Aurata ◽  
Relative Content ◽  
Hepatosomatic Index ◽  
Gilthead Seabream ◽  
Lower Plasma ◽  
Protein Utilization ◽  
Lower Plasma Glucose ◽  
Net Protein ◽  
Line Analysis

AbstractSemi-purified diets were used to determine the nicotinic acid requirement of the gilthead seabream, Sparus aurata. Vitamin losses during food manufacture were minimal resulting in dietary levels which were close to the declared content. Dietary nicotinic acid contents of 52·21 mg/kg and below resulted in sub-optimum growth, reduced food efficiency and poor values for apparent net protein utilization. Diets containing less than 28·67 mg/kg gave a low proportion of carcass lipid concomitant with an elevation in the relative content of carcass moisture. Although gross deficiency symptoms were not observed, a reduced hepatosomatic index and a slightly lower plasma glucose concentration were detected amongst the fish given diets supplemented with nicotinic acid at the level of 25 mg/kg or less. Based upon the results of broken line analysis and data derived by modelling the weight gain of the fish, the nicotinic acid requirement of Sparus aurata fingerlings lies between 63 and 83 mg/kg of diet or 1·57 to 2·07 µg/kg body weight per day.

The effect of pyridoxine supplementation on dietary protein utilization in gilthead seabream fry

1995 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 157-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. T. M. Baker ◽  
S. J. Davies
Keyword(s):  
Sparus Aurata ◽  
Gilthead Seabream ◽  
Feeding Trial ◽  
Protein Utilization ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
Sparing Effect ◽  
Dietary Protein Utilization ◽  
Protein Diets ◽  
Net Protein

A study was undertaken to ascertain the effect of pyridoxine in diets of varying protein to energy ratio (P: E) for Mediterranean gilthead seabream fry (Sparus aurata) with respect to protein utilization. Diets were formulated to provide three levels of added pyridoxine (0·5, 5·0 and 50·0 mg/kg), at two protein levels (320 or 470 g/kg) whilst maintaining a similar gross isocalorific profile at 20 MJ/kg. Feeding level was proportionately 0·02 of the fish body weight per day, resulting in the following effects after a 70-day feeding trial. Low P: E ratio diets (15 g/MJ) did not perform as well as high P: E diets (24 g/MJ), with respect to growth related indices. Higher inclusions of pyridoxine into diets of equal P: E ratios, caused elevations in food conversion efficiency, protein efficiency ratio and apparent net protein utilization. A marked improvement of growth rate concomitant with pyridoxine level only occurred in the high P: E diets. It was concluded that incremental additions of pyridoxine in the diet, increased the efficiency of protein utilization for all diets tested. However, the protein sparing effect oflipid was not achieved for the low protein diets indicating the relatively high requirement for protein in the growth of the juvenile seabream.

scholarly journals Low dietary inclusion of nutraceuticals from microalgae improves feed efficiency and modifies intermediary metabolisms in gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata)

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Erick Perera ◽  
David Sánchez-Ruiz ◽  
María Isabel Sáez ◽  
Alba Galafat ◽  
André Barany ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Sparus Aurata ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Sea Bream ◽  
Metabolic Enzyme ◽  
Hepatosomatic Index ◽  
Hepatic Glycogen ◽  
Gilthead Seabream ◽  
Plasma Lactate ◽  
Alpha Linolenic Acid

Abstract The aim of this work was to evaluate two functional feeds for the gilthead seabream, Sparus aurata, containing low inclusion of two microalgae-based products (LB-GREENboost, LBGb; and LB-GUThealth, LBGh). Fish (12–13 g) were fed for 13 weeks a control diet or one of the four diets supplemented with both products at 0.5% or 1%. LBGb and LBGh did not affect specific growth rate or survival, but increased feed efficiency by decreasing feed intake and enlarging the intestines. LBGb increased hepatosomatic index and reduced cortisol levels in plasma, while both products lowered plasma lactate. Extensive metabolite and metabolic enzyme profiling revealed that microalgae supplementations, especially 1% LBGh: (i) decrease plasma lactate and increase hepatic glycogen, (ii) reduce hepatic gluconeogenesis, (iii) enhance hepatic lipogenic activity and lipid secretion, (iv) led fish to double triglyceride content in muscle and to stimulate its lipid oxidative capacity, and (v) increase the content of monounsaturated fatty acids and the omega-3 alpha-linolenic acid in muscle. This study demonstrates that both microalgae-based products are suited to improve feed efficiency and orchestrate significant changes in the intermediary metabolism in gilthead seabream juveniles.

scholarly journals Studies on the composition of food

1966 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 747-755 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Chamberlain ◽  
T. H Collins ◽  
G. A. H Elton ◽  
Dorothy F Hollingsworth ◽  
D. B Lisle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Nicotinic Acid ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Protein Quality ◽  
Dehydroascorbic Acid ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Mechanical Agitation ◽  
Protein Utilization ◽  
Net Protein ◽  
Made In

1. The Chorleywood Bread Process is a new method of making bread in which the 2–4 h of bulk fermentation of the dough normal in breadmaking is replaced by a few minutes of intense mechanical agitation to a controlled degree in special high-speed mixers. It is now being used to make over 30% of British bread. 2. Bread was made in a commercial bakery from two white flours by the Chorleywood Bread Process and a conventional method. 3. Both the bread and flours were analysed for moisture, protein, ash, fat, carbohydrate (by difference), thiamine, nicotinic acid and ascorbic acid. 4. More bread was made by the two processes from two other flours in a pilot-scale bakery. These breads and flours were used to determine net protein utilization values. 5. It was concluded that bread made by the Chorleywood Process cannot be distinguished from conventional bread in its content of protein, fat, ash and nicotinic acid, and in protein quality as indicated by its net protein utilization value. This was true for two grades of flour. In these tests the contents of thiamine and moisture were slightly higher and of carbohydrate slightly lower in Chorleywood than in conventional bread. No ascorbic or dehydroascorbic acid could be detected in any of the bread.

Qualitative requirement for B vitamins in diets for the gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata L.)

1995 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 419-426 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. C. Morris ◽  
S. J. Davies ◽  
D. M. Lowe
Keyword(s):  
Sparus Aurata ◽  
Pantothenic Acid ◽  
Poor Performance ◽  
Liver Parenchyma ◽  
Dietary Vitamin ◽  
Gilthead Seabream ◽  
Food Refusal ◽  
Vitamin Deficiencies ◽  
Acid Deficiency ◽  
Net Protein

AbstractSemi-purified diets incorporating 495·4 g/kg crude protein and 72·0 g/kg oil, were used to identify the qualitative requirement of Spams aurata juveniles for thiamin, riboflavin, pyridoxine, niacin and pantothenic acid. Deficiency of these vitamins was associated with poor performance in terms of growth, food efficiency and apparent net protein utilization. All dietary vitamin deficiencies resulted in elevated moisture and a lowering of the lipid content of the carcass. In addition to increased mortality among the fish fed deficient diets, a small number of externally visible changes were observed including food refusal, anorexia and changes of skin colour. At the haematological level, all cases of vitamin deficiency were associated with significant reductions in haematocrit. In general, histological examination revealed that the pancreas of vitamin-deficient animals became atrophic with an accumulation of pigmented granules around this organ while additionally, the normal homogeneity of the liver parenchyma was lost.

Genetic parameters for quality traits by non-invasive methods and their G x E interactions in ocean cages and estuaries on gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata)

Aquaculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 537 ◽  
pp. 736462
Author(s):  
I. Elalfy ◽  
H.S. Shin ◽  
D. Negrín-Báez ◽  
A. Navarro ◽  
M.J. Zamorano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Sparus Aurata ◽  
Gilthead Seabream ◽  
Quality Traits ◽  
Non Invasive

Effects of subcutaneous injection of λ/κ‐carrageenin on the immune and liver antioxidant status of gilthead seabream ( Sparus aurata )

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Carlos Campos‐Sánchez ◽  
Francisco A. Guardiola ◽  
José María García Beltrán ◽  
Diana Ceballos‐Francisco ◽  
María Ángeles Esteban
Keyword(s):  
Subcutaneous Injection ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Sparus Aurata ◽  
Gilthead Seabream

scholarly journals Aflatoxicosis Dysregulates the Physiological Responses to Crowding Densities in the Marine Teleost Gilthead Seabream (Sparus aurata)

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 753
Author(s):  
Andre Barany ◽  
Juan Fuentes ◽  
Gonzalo Martínez-Rodríguez ◽  
Juan Miguel Mancera
Keyword(s):  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Sparus Aurata ◽  
Stocking Density ◽  
Head Kidney ◽  
Dietary Exposure ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Gilthead Seabream ◽  
Marine Teleost ◽  
Lipid Metabolites ◽  
Period Duration

Several studies in fish have shown that aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) causes a disparity of species-dependent physiological disorders without compromising survival. We studied the effect of dietary administration of AFB1 (2 mg AFB1 kg−1 diet) in gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) juveniles in combination with a challenge by stocking density (4 vs. 40 g L−1). The experimental period duration was ten days, and the diet with AFB1 was administered to the fish for 85 days prior to the stocking density challenge. Our results indicated an alteration in the carbohydrate and lipid metabolites mobilization in the AFB1 fed group, which was intensified at high stocking density (HSD). The CT group at HSD increased plasma cortisol levels, as expected, whereas the AFB1-HSD group did not. The star mRNA expression, an enzyme involved in cortisol synthesis in the head kidney, presented a ninefold increase in the AFB1 group at low stocking density (LSD) compared to the CT-LSD group. Adenohypophyseal gh mRNA expression increased in the AFB1-HSD but not in the CT-HSD group. Overall, these results confirmed that chronic AFB1 dietary exposure alters the adequate endocrinological physiological cascade response in S. aurata, compromising the expected stress response to an additional stressor, such as overcrowding.

scholarly journals Influence of Genetic Selection for Growth and Broodstock Diet n-3 LC-PUFA Levels on Reproductive Performance of Gilthead Seabream, Sparus aurata

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 519
Author(s):  
Shajahan Ferosekhan ◽  
Serhat Turkmen ◽  
Cathaysa Pérez-García ◽  
Hanlin Xu ◽  
Ana Gómez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Egg Quality ◽  
Sparus Aurata ◽  
Genetic Selection ◽  
Growth Trait ◽  
High Growth ◽  
Gilthead Seabream ◽  
Commercial Diet ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Broodstock Diet

Genetic selection in gilthead seabream (GSB), Sparus aurata, has been undertaken to improve the growth, feed efficiency, fillet quality, skeletal deformities and disease resistance, but no study is available to delineate the effect of genetic selection for growth trait on GSB reproductive performance under mass spawning condition. In this study, high growth (HG) or low growth (LG) GSB broodstock were selected to evaluate the sex steroid hormones, sperm, egg quality and reproductive performance under different feeding regime of commercial diet or experimental broodstock diet containing either fish oil (FO) or vegetable oil (VO) based diet. Under commercial diet feeding phase, broodstock selected for either high growth or low growth did not show any significant changes in the egg production per kg female whereas egg viability percentage was positively (p = 0.014) improved by the high growth trait broodstock group. The experimental diet feeding results revealed that both growth trait and dietary fatty acid composition influenced the reproductive performance of GSB broodstock. In the experimental diet feeding phase, we observed high growth trait GSB males produced a higher number of sperm cells (p < 0.001) and also showed a higher sperm motility (p = 0.048) percentage. The viable egg and larval production per spawn per kg female were significantly improved by the broodstock selected for high growth trait and fed with fish oil-based diet. This present study results signifies that gilthead seabream broodstock selected on growth trait could have positive role in improvement of sperm and egg quality to produce viable progeny.

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