scholarly journals Trends in dietary patterns and compliance with World Health Organization recommendations: a cross-country analysis

2007 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 535-540 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario Mazzocchi ◽  
Cristina Brasili ◽  
Elisa Sandri
Keyword(s):  
World Health Organization ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
World Health ◽  
Least Developed Countries ◽  
Double Burden ◽  
Time Patterns ◽  
Country Analysis ◽  
Cross Country ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Over Time

AbstractObjectivesTo investigate time patterns of compliance with nutrient goals recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO).DesignA single aggregated indicator of distance from the key WHO recommendations for a healthy diet is built using FAOSTAT intake data, bounded between 0 (maximum possible distance from goals) and 1 (perfect adherence). Two hypotheses are tested for different country groupings: (1) whether adherence has improved over time; and (2) whether cross-country disparities in terms of diet healthiness have decreased.SettingOne hundred and forty-nine countries, including 26 countries belonging to the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) and 115 developing countries (including 43 least developed countries), with yearly data over the period 1961–2002.ResultsThe Recommendation Compliance Index (RCI) shows significant improvements in adherence to WHO goals for both developing and especially OECD countries. The latter group of countries show the highest levels of the RCI and the largest increase over time, especially between 1981 and 2002. No improvement is detected for least developed countries. A reduction in disparities (convergence of the RCI) is observed only within the OECD grouping.ConclusionsAdherence to healthy eating guidelines depends on economic development. Diets are improving and converging in advanced economies, but developing and especially least developed countries are still far from meeting WHO nutrition goals. This confirms findings on the double burden of malnutrition and suggests that economic drivers are more relevant than socio-cultural factors in determining the healthiness of diets.

scholarly journals World Health Organization Sub-Types, Initial Treatment Outcome and Prognostic Study of Unselected Adult Patients with Acute Myeloid Leukaemia in Shanghai: An Analysis of 623 Cases

2009 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 1191-1201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y Ma ◽  
X Wang ◽  
X Xu ◽  
G Lin
Keyword(s):  
Prognostic Factor ◽  
Acute Myeloid Leukaemia ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Myeloid Leukaemia ◽  
Treatment Effect ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
World Health ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Acute Myeloid

This study investigated the complete remission (CR) rate and survival of 623 newly diagnosed patients with acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) in Shanghai, China, classified according to World Health Organization and French–American–British criteria, and compared the differences in treatment effect with those reported in developed countries and those reported in Shanghai from 1984 to 1994. Total CR rate was 66.5%, median survival was 18 months and estimated survival at 3 years was 30.8%. The 3-year relapse rate was 55.1%. These data showed that the CR rate was similar to that achieved in studies from developed countries, but long-term survival was worse. The CR rate and survival were increased markedly compared with data previously collected in Shanghai (1984-1994). Induction chemotherapeutic regimens based on idarubicin, daunorubicin or homoharringtonine all had similar CR rates and survivals. Karyotype was the most important prognostic factor. Multilineage dysplasia in de novo AML was not an independent prognostic factor. Improvement in the long-term treatment effect in China is an important challenge for the future.

scholarly journals Geographical and temporal distribution of SARS-CoV-2 clades in the WHO European Region, January to June 2020

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (32) ◽  
Author(s):  
Erik Alm ◽  
Eeva K Broberg ◽  
Thomas Connor ◽  
Emma B Hodcroft ◽  
Andrey B Komissarov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Data Dissemination ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
World Health ◽  
European Region ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Over Time

We show the distribution of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) genetic clades over time and between countries and outline potential genomic surveillance objectives. We applied three genomic nomenclature systems to all sequence data from the World Health Organization European Region available until 10 July 2020. We highlight the importance of real-time sequencing and data dissemination in a pandemic situation, compare the nomenclatures and lay a foundation for future European genomic surveillance of SARS-CoV-2.

Is Anorexia Nervosa an Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder?

1990 ◽  
Vol 157 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neil L. Holden
Keyword(s):  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Anterior Pituitary ◽  
World Health ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Over Time

Although anorexia nervosa may vary widely in its severity and outcome, it is usually regarded as an illness in its own right, as patients do not display major changes in the form of the illness over time (Russell, 1970). It readily lends itself to being accorded clear-cut diagnostic criteria (Russell, 1977) and this is reflected in ICD–10 (World Health Organization, 1987). However, the nosological independence of anorexia nervosa has undergone vigorous assault since its classic description by William Gull (1874). For example, the psychological nature of anorexia nervosa was obscured for 30 years by Simmond's (1914) description of anterior pituitary lesions and cachexia, and Kay & Leigh's (1954) influential study of anorexia nervosa concluded with their doubts about its status as a ‘psychiatric entity’.

Following the directives of World Health Organization: A Hobsons Choice

Coronaviruses ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 01 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaima S. Ali Miraj
Keyword(s):  
World Health Organization ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Financial Burden ◽  
International Health ◽  
Health Agency ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
World Health ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

Introduction: Of late several articles in prestigious scientific platforms have shown that, 'COVID-19 has questioned the global health expertise of some developed countries like the USA UK and other European nations as well as the international health agency, the World Health Organization, highlighting that they faltered in managing the crisis during the pandemic. The objective of this article is to highlight the fact that as there was no specific vaccine or treatment at hand, the portfolio available with these nations under the directions of the WHO to counter the measures against COVID19, was limited. There was no other alternative in this time of world’s most unprecedented emergency, and whatever immediate steps were taken to contain the virus spread by the WHO were justified. Methods: Using the available literature on the internet and library sources, a survey of published articles in leading journals of the world have been made to analyse the various articles describing the position of the WHO and its future strategies in dealing with the worlds most unprecedented pandemic. Results and Conclusion: The present communication suggests that a large scale fund allocation in a fixed percentage for Health for All, from every member country’s defence budget can be separately made for substantially replenishing the already depleting funding of the WHO. This will enable an effective control of the global pandemic crisis with significant international cooperation, allowing sharing of the financial burden. The specially created fund can be used under international monitoring for such unprecedented calamities in future. More focus can thus be given to special training of manpower, advancements in the protective equipment, development of vaccines, critical care hospitals and centres on a global basis.

HUBUNGAN ANTARA PENDIDIKAN DAN PEKERJAAN IBU TERHADAP KEJADIAN DIARE PADA BALITA DI PUSKESMAS BASUKI RAHMAT PALEMBANG TAHUN 2011

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rini Mayasari Rini Mayasari
Keyword(s):  
World Health Organization ◽  
Health Center ◽  
Maternal Education ◽  
Diarrheal Disease ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
World Health ◽  
Liquid Form ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health Organization

  ABSTRACT According to WHO (World Health Organization), diarrhea is a Chapter (bowel movement) in liquid form is more than three times in one day, and usually lasts for two days or more. In the UK 1 in 5 people suffer from diarrhea infections. Diarrheal disease in developed countries has occurred despite the health and economic improvement but still a high incidence of infectious diarrhea and is still a health problem. In Indonesia diarrheal diseases are still one of the major diseases in infants and children. Morbidity is estimated to range between 150-430 per thousand population annually. In Basuki Rahmat Health Center Palembang  , in 2011 the incidence of diarrhea in infants of 155 patients (59.2%). Factors influencing the incidence of diarrhea, including the factors of education, occupation, age, toddlers, environmental, nutritional, social, economic, food / beverage consumed, and the factors to lactose (milk cans). The purpose of this study is a known association between maternal education and employment with the incidence of diarrhea in infants in Basuki Rahmat  Health Center Palembang in 2011. This study uses the approach of Analytical Surveys Cross Sectional. The population in this study were all women who come to check babies for  Basuki Rahmat Health Center Palembang  in 2011 which amounted to 35 people. Sampling in this study with non-random methods with techniques Accidental Sampling. Data analysis carried out univariate and bivariate statistics with Chi-Square test with significance level α = 0.05. Results showed there were 35 respondents from 45.7% of respondents that babies suffering from diarrhea, higher education 57.1%, and working mothers 40%. The results of this study showed no significant association between maternal education and occupation on the incidence of diarrhea in infants in Basuki Rahmat Health Center Palembang in 2011. From the results of this study, researchers hope to improve health and implement counseling about prevention of diarrhea.   ABSTRAK Menurut WHO (World Health Organization), diare merupakan BAB (buang air besar) dalam bentuk cairan lebih dari tiga kali dalam satu hari, dan biasanya berlangsung selama dua hari atau lebih. Di Inggris 1 dari 5 orang menderita diare infeksi. Penyakit diare di negara maju walaupun sudah terjadi perbaikan kesehatan dan ekonomi masyarakat tetapi insiden diare infeksi tetap tinggi dan masih menjadi masalah kesehatan. Di Indonesia penyakit diare hingga kini masih merupakan salah satu penyakit utama pada bayi dan anak-anak. Diperkirakan angka kesakitan berkisar antara 150-430 perseribu penduduk setahunnya. Di Puskesmas Basuki Rahmat Palembang , pada tahun 2011 angka kejadian diare pada balita sebanyak 155 pasien (59,2%). Faktor-faktor mempengaruhi kejadian diare, diantaranya adalah faktor pendidikan, pekerjaan, umur balita, lingkungan, gizi, sosial ekonomi, makanan/minuman yang dikonsumsi, dan faktor terhadap laktosa (susu kaleng). Tujuan penelitian ini adalah diketahuinya hubungan antara pendidikan dan pekerjaan ibu dengan kejadian diare pada balita di Puskesmas Basuki Rahmat Palembang  tahun 2011. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Survey Analitik dengan pendekatan Cross Sectional. Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah semua ibu yang datang memeriksakan balitanya ke Puskesmas Basuki Rahmat Palembang  pada tahun 2011 yaitu berjumlah 35 orang. Pengambilan sampel pada penelitian ini dengan metode  non random  dengan teknik Accidental Sampling. Analisa data dilakukan secara univariat dan bivariat dengan uji statistik Chi-Square dengan tingkat kemaknaan α = 0,05.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan dari 35 responden terdapat 45,7% responden yang balitanya menderita diare, pendidikan tinggi 57,1%, dan ibu yang bekerja 40%. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan ada hubungan yang bermakna antara pendidikan dan pekerjaan ibu terhadap kejadian diare pada balita di Puskesmas Basuki Rahmat Palembang  tahun 2011. Dari hasil penelitian ini, peneliti berharap petugas pelayanan kesehatan dapat meningkatkan pelayanan kesehatan dan melaksanakan penyuluhan tentang pencegahan diare.

scholarly journals Assessment of a Portable Device to Quantify Vitamin A in Fortified Foods (Flour, Sugar, and Milk) for Quality Control

2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 449-457 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arnaud Laillou ◽  
Cécile Renaud ◽  
Jacques Berger ◽  
Regina Moench-Pfanner ◽  
Laura Fontan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin A ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Retinyl Palmitate ◽  
World Health ◽  
Least Developed Countries ◽  
Test Kit ◽  
Good Determination ◽  
Health Organization

Background Simple-to-use quantitative methods are needed to check the adequacy of vitamin A fortification levels. Objective To assess the capacity of a portable fluorometer (iCheck FLUORO) and its test kit vials (iEx Mila) to quantify retinyl palmitate in fortified milks, flours (wheat, maize), and sugar. Methods The portable fluorometer was assessed in a three-step procedure to determine its working range and linearity, intra-assay precision, and interperson precision. Measurements were compared with the results obtained by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), commonly regarded as the standard method for vitamin A analysis. Results The portable fluorometer (iCheck FLUORO) and its test kit vials (iEx Mila) precisely determined the vitamin A contents in fortified flours, sugar, and milks. Its working range was 1 to 10, 0.5 to 3.0, and 5 to 15 mg retinol equivalents (RE) kg−1 for flours (wheat and corn), milks, and sugar, respectively; these values are in accordance with the World Health Organization recommendations for food fortification in least developed countries. The limits of detection are higher than those of HPLC but are all satisfactory (< 1.46 mg RE kg−1). The coefficients of variation within and between observers were satisfactory, especially for sugar and milk. Conclusions The linear relationship between the data from the portable fluorometer and the HPLC data confirms that the portable fluorometer provides a good determination of the vitamin A content of the fortified products in the tested range.

World Health Organization

1960 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 673-674
Keyword(s):  
World Health Organization ◽  
Technical Assistance ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
World Health ◽  
Malaria Vectors ◽  
Director General ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
The World ◽  
Malaria Eradication ◽  
Health Organization

The thirteenth session of the Assembly of the World Health Organization (WHO) was held in Geneva, from May 3 to 20, 1960. In his inaugural address, the President of the Assembly, Dr. H. B. Turbott, spoke of the ground gained by the idea of world health since the early days of WHO, of the new and growing challenges with which the Assembly would have to deal in discussing the 1961 program—such as the control of pestilential diseases, protection against radiation hazards, the evaluation of live poliomyelitis vaccine, extended nutrition programs, and the world shortage of competent health personnel—and of the problems of particular concern to the more developed countries, such as heart, cancer, and mental illness. Dr. Turbott also described the integration of preventive and curative services as one field to which WHO should devote more attention. The Director-General, presenting his report on the work of WHO during 1959, stressed the urgency of the world-wide malaria eradication campaign, pointing out that malaria was the most important single obstacle to the development of the economic and social potentials of the underdeveloped areas of the world. The year 1959, he continued, had witnessed intensified research activities by the Organization, an increase in experts trained under WHO's fellowship program, and improved coordination between inter-country and inter-regional projects, but the problem of the resistance of malaria vectors to insecticides remained an obstacle to malaria eradication, and the question of funds for international technical assistance was still unsolved. In concluding, the Director-General predicted diat, at die present rate of progress, malaria could be eradicated, at least from Europe, the Americas, North Africa, and large parts of Asia, within perhaps the next ten years.

World Health Organization

1964 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 859-870
Keyword(s):  
Medical Education ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Research Program ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
World Health ◽  
Director General ◽  
Flexible Approach ◽  
Research Institutes ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

Sixteenth Assembly: The sixteenth session of the Assembly of the World Health Organization (WHO) met in Geneva on May 7–23, 1963, under the presidency of Dr. M. A. Majekodunmi (Nigeria). During the discussion of the Director-General's report on the work of WHO in 1962, delegates expressed agreement on the importance of the planned development of health services, medical education, and the training of auxiliary staff. Endorsing the Organization's medical research program, some members suggested its extension to other fields. Other members felt, however, that WHO was devoting too much time and money to work that could be carried out by national research institutes. Several delegations appealed for a more flexible approach in providing aid to less developed countries. Dr. Candau, the Director-General, spoke of the efforts that had been made to secure staff from a wider range of countries.

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