Pre-gestational excessive weight and duration of breast-feeding

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate whether pre-gestational obesity interferes with the duration of breast-feeding.DesignA cross-sectional study was carried out with a population-based probabilistic sample. The dependent variables were exclusive breast-feeding (EBF) and breast-feeding (BF), as defined by the WHO. The classification of pre-gestational nutritional status was based on the pre-gestational BMI category.SubjectsA sample of 418 mother–infant pairs from the state of Alagoas, Brazil.ResultsThe median duration of EBF was 1·9 months (60d), while that of BF was 8·2 months (250d). According to multiple linear regression analysis, the factors that negatively and independently affected the duration of EBF were pre-gestational BMI≥30·0 kg/m2 (−51·9d, 95 % CI −80·4, −23·4), maternal schooling≤9 years (−30·8d, 95 % CI −54·7, −6·9), no prior lactation experience (−29·0d, 95 % CI −45·6, −11·5) and infant pacifier use (−41·4d; 95 % CI 54·5, −28·2). For BF, a higher weaning rate was observed during the first days after birth among children of pre-gestational obese mothers.ConclusionsThe results suggest that higher pre-gestational BMI is associated with shorter duration of EBF and BF. Prenatal care provides a privileged opportunity to promote nutritional education, better nutritional status of pregnant woman, and greater success with EBF up to 6 months of age and with longer BF.

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Do aggregates of multiple questions better capture overall fish consumption than summary questions?

Public Health Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s1368980007000468 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 196-202 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Kym Mina ◽

Lin Fritschi ◽

Matthew Knuiman

Keyword(s):

Linear Regression ◽

Fish Consumption ◽

Linear Regression Analysis ◽

Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽

Population Based ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Validity And Reliability ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Fresh Fish ◽

Fresh Frozen

AbstractObjectiveTo compare intake estimates, validity and reliability of two summary questions to measure fish consumption with information from a detailed semi-quantitative food-frequency questionnaire (FFQ) on fish consumption.DesignPopulation-based, cross-sectional study. Participants completed an FFQ and provided blood samples for erythrocyte membrane eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) analysis. Aggregate measures of consumption of fresh/frozen/canned fish (fresh fish) and smoked/salted/dried fish (preserved fish) were generated from the FFQ and were compared with responses to the summary questions regarding intakes of similar items. Both methods were tested for validity, using correlation and linear regression techniques with EPA, and retest reliability.SettingPerth metropolitan area, Western Australia.SubjectsOne hundred and nine healthy volunteers of both sexes, aged 21–75 years.ResultsThe summary fresh fish measure underestimated frequency and grams per week given by the aggregate question by about 50%, while estimates from the summary preserved fish measure were approximately three times that of the aggregate measure. Multiple linear regression analysis suggested that the aggregates accounted for more of the variation in EPA levels, but the difference was minimal. Intra-class correlations confirmed that both methods were reliable.ConclusionsOur study indicates that extensive questioning results in different absolute intakes of fish compared with brief questioning, but does not add any information if ranking individuals according to overall consumption of fish.

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Transferrin saturation concentrations associated with telomeric ageing: a population-based study

British Journal Of Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s0007114517001696 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 117 (12) ◽

pp. 1693-1701 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Chol Shin ◽

Inkyung Baik

Keyword(s):

Binding Capacity ◽

Linear Regression Analysis ◽

Transferrin Saturation ◽

High Sensitivity ◽

Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽

Population Based ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

The Body ◽

Coefficient Estimate ◽

Cross Sectional

AbstractThere are limited data on the association between Fe overload and leucocyte telomere length (LTL), known as a useful biomarker of the replicative ageing of cells. The aim of the study was to evaluate associations between Fe-status biomarkers and LTL. A cross-sectional study included 1174 men and women aged 50–79 years who provided blood samples for assays of Fe-status biomarkers including ferritin, transferrin saturation (TSAT), total Fe-binding capacity (TIBC) and relative LTL. They were free of hepatitis, potential infection or Fe deficiency. In multiple linear regression analysis adjusted for potential confounding variables, log-transformed LTL was positively associated with TIBC (adjusted coefficient estimate for its highest quartile: 0·17 (se 0·03), P<0·001) and inversely associated with TSAT (adjusted coefficient estimate for its third and fourth quartiles: −0·09 (se 0·03), P<0·01). These associations were consistent after additional adjustment for serum concentrations of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, alanine transaminase and aspartate transaminase. In particular, participants with not only abnormally high concentrations (>45 %) but also with high-normal concentrations (35–45 %) of TSAT had shorter LTL compared with those with low-normal concentrations (<30 %) (P<0·05). We also observed that less-active or obese persons with high TSAT concentrations had shorter LTL than others. Our findings that cellular ageing is influenced not only by Fe overload but also by high-normal concentrations of TSAT support the hypothesis regarding the detrimental effects of labile Fe, which has a potent pro-oxidant activity in the body.

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Serum paraoxonase-1 activity is associated with light to moderate alcohol consumption: the PREVEND cohort study

American Journal of Clinical Nutrition ◽

10.1093/ajcn/nqy217 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 108 (6) ◽

pp. 1283-1290 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Eke G Gruppen ◽

Stephan J L Bakker ◽

Richard W James ◽

Robin P F Dullaart

Keyword(s):

Alcohol Consumption ◽

Linear Regression Analysis ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Hdl Cholesterol ◽

High Sensitivity ◽

Population Based ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Paraoxonase 1 ◽

Phenyl Acetate ◽

Cross Sectional

ABSTRACT Background Paraoxonase-1 (PON-1) is a high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-associated enzyme with antioxidative properties, which may protect against the development of cardiovascular disease. Alcohol consumption increases HDL cholesterol, but the extent to which alcohol consumption gives rise to higher serum PON-1 activity is uncertain. Objective In a population-based study, we determined the relation of serum PON-1 activity with alcohol consumption when taking account of HDL cholesterol and apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I), its major apolipoprotein. Design A cross-sectional study was performed in 8224 participants of the Prevention of Renal and Vascular End-Stage Disease (PREVEND) cohort. Alcohol consumption was categorized as 1) no/rarely (25.3%); 2) 0.1–10 g/d (49.3%); 3) 10–30 g/d (20.1%); and 4) >30 g/d (5.2%) with 1 drink equivalent to 10 g alcohol. Serum PON-1 activity was measured as its arylesterase activity (phenyl acetate as substrate). Results Median serum PON-1 activity was 50.8, 53.1, 54.4, and 55.7 U/L in the 4 categories of alcohol consumption, respectively (P < 0.001). Its increase paralleled the increments in HDL cholesterol and apoA-I. Notably, there was no further increase in PON-1 activity, HDL cholesterol, and apoA-I when alcohol consumption was increased from 10–30 g/d to >30 g/d. Multivariable linear regression analysis demonstrated that PON-1 activity was related to alcohol consumption independently from clinical covariates, high sensitivity C-reactive protein, and lipid concentrations, including HDL cholesterol (P < 0.001 for each category of alcohol consumption with no alcohol consumption as the reference category). Notably, as inferred from standardized β-coefficients, there was no difference in PON-1 activity between 10–30 g alcohol/d and >30 g alcohol/d. Conclusions Alcohol consumption is associated with an increase in serum PON-1 activity, but its effect seems to reach a plateau with alcohol consumption of 10–30 g/d.

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The Clinical Investigation of Disparity of Utility Values Associated with Gallstone Disease: A Pilot Study

Gastroenterology Research and Practice ◽

10.1155/2013/216957 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2013 ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Chung-Te Hsu ◽

Yi Liao ◽

Jorn-Hon Liu ◽

Tao-Hsin Tung

Keyword(s):

Clinical Investigation ◽

Gallstone Disease ◽

Linear Regression Analysis ◽

Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Older Age ◽

Outpatient Clinics ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Utility Values ◽

Utility Evaluation

Purpose. The utility evaluation was an effective method to incorporate all of the contributing variables for multiple diseases into one outcome measure. A cross-sectional study was conducted to assess the utility values associated with varying states of gallstone disease among outpatient clinics participants at a teaching hospital in Taipei, Taiwan.Methods. The utility values were measured by using time trade-off method. A total of 120 outpatient clinics participants (30 subjects with no gallstone disease, 30 subjects with single stone, 30 subjects with multiple stones, and 30 subjects with cholecystectomy) evaluated utility values from January 1, 2006 to December 31, 2006. The diagnosis of gallstone disease was performed by a panel of specialists using ultrasound sonography.Results. The overall mean utility value was0.89±0.13(95% CI: 0.87–0.91) indicating that study participants were willing to trade about 11% (95% CI: 9–13%) of their remaining life in return for being free of gallstone disease perpetually. The significant associated factors of utility values based on the multiple linear regression analysis were older age and different degrees of gallstone disease.Conclusion. Our results found that in addition to older age, multiple stones and cholecystectomy could influence utility values from the patient’s preference-based viewpoint.

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Awareness about breast feeding practices and vitamin A deficiency among mothers in Srikakulam district of Andhra Pradesh, South India

International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health ◽

10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20211756 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (5) ◽

pp. 2346

Author(s):

Vasantha Rao Sappati ◽

Sannapaneni Krishnaiah ◽

Suneetha Sapur

Keyword(s):

Vitamin A ◽

Breast Feeding ◽

Andhra Pradesh ◽

Vitamin A Deficiency ◽

Sampling Strategy ◽

Signs And Symptoms ◽

Feeding Practices ◽

Population Based ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional

Background: To assess the awareness about breast feeding practices and to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice about the signs and symptoms of vitamin A deficiency (VAD) and vitamin A rich foods intake among mothers of children below 5 years in the Srikakulam district of Andhra Pradesh (AP) in South India.Methods: A population based cross-sectional study was conducted on 284 mothers (age range 14 to 36 years) during June 2011 and September 2011. A combined simple and systematic random sampling strategy was used to select mothers from one tribal, rural and semi urban area with a representative sample of the Srikakulam district. A standardized structured questionnaire that was developed and validated by the National institute of nutrition, Hyderabad was utilized for this study.Results: The awareness of vitamin A and night blindness was 68.7% (95% confidence intervals (CI): 62.9–74.0) (n=195) and 93.7% (95% CI: 90.2–96.2) (n=266) respectively. The knowledge of signs and symptoms of vitamin A deficiency (VAD) was nil among illiterate mothers and low among literates; with primary education, adjusted odds ratio (OR): 0.01 (95% CI: 0.00, 0.06) and with secondary education, OR: 0.19 (95% CI: 0.06, 0.62) compared to mothers with graduation and above.Conclusions: There is a need to increase the awareness and knowledge about VAD among mothers with children below 5 years in the southern state of AP.

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Analysis of Corneal Spherical Aberrations in Chinese Bilateral Ectopia Lentis Patients

Frontiers in Medicine ◽

10.3389/fmed.2021.736686 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

Author(s):

Jiahui Chen ◽

Yating Tang ◽

Qinghe Jing ◽

Yi Lu ◽

Yongxiang Jiang

Keyword(s):

Spherical Aberration ◽

Linear Regression Analysis ◽

Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Individual Measurement ◽

Ectopia Lentis ◽

Corneal Asphericity ◽

Optical Zone ◽

Anterior Posterior

Purpose: To analyze the anterior, posterior, and total corneal spherical aberrations (ASA, PSA, and TSA) in patients with Chinese bilateral ectopia lentis (EL).Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted to evaluate corneal spherical aberration (CSA) using a Pentacam system at the 6-mm optical zone. Axial length, keratometry, astigmatism, and corneal asphericity were also determined.Results: This study included 247 patients (420 eyes) with a mean age of 18.1 years. The values of ASA, PSA, and TSA were 0.136 ± 0.100 μm, −0.118 ± 0.030 μm, and 0.095 ± 0.095 μm, respectively. In the EL patients with Marfan syndrome (MFS), ASA and TSA were significantly lower than in the non-MFS patients (0.126 ± 0.094 μm vs. 0.155 ± 0.107 μm, P = 0.004 for ASA; 0.085 ± 0.091 μm vs. 0.114 ± 0.099 μm, P = 0.003 for TSA), whereas PSA was not significantly different (P = 0.061). The values of ASA and TSA were significantly higher in the patients with EL aged ≥ 40 years old than in younger patients, whereas ASA and PSA were lower in patients aged <10 years old than in older patients (all P < 0.05). In the multiple linear regression analysis, age, keratometry, astigmatism, anterior asphericity, higher-order aberration (HOA), and lower-order aberration (LOA) were positively or negatively correlated with TSA in the patients with EL (r = 0.681, P < 0.001).Conclusions: Corneal spherical aberration was low in the patients with EL especially for MFS and tended to increase with aging. Preoperatively, individual measurement of CSA was necessary for bilateral EL patients with MFS.

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Association of Salivary Statherin, Calcium, and Proline-Rich Proteins on Oral Hygiene: A Cross-Sectional Study

International Journal of Dentistry ◽

10.1155/2021/1982083 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2021 ◽

pp. 1-6

Author(s):

Deepak Gowda Sadashivappa Pateel ◽

Shilpa Gunjal ◽

Liew Fong Fong ◽

Nur Sulwana Mohd Hanapi

Keyword(s):

Oral Health ◽

Negative Correlation ◽

Oral Hygiene ◽

Linear Regression Analysis ◽

Rank Correlation ◽

Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The Relationship

Background. Saliva, as a complex biofluid, plays a pivotal role in maintaining oral health and tooth integrity. There has been inconsistent data available on the relationship between salivary parameters and oral health. This study aims to investigate the association between salivary statherin, acidic proline-rich proteins (aPRP), and calcium with oral hygiene status. Methods. One hundred and eighty-eight healthy subjects aged between 18 and 50 years with varying oral hygiene status who gave consent to participate were included in this cross-sectional study. The subjects were recruited from primary oral health care of MAHSA University. Oral hygiene of all the participants was measured using Oral Hygiene Index–Simplified (OHI-S). Stimulated saliva collected using paraffin wax was analyzed for salivary statherin, aPRP, and calcium. The relationship between salivary statherin, aPRP, and calcium levels with OHI-S was assessed using Spearman’s Rank correlation coefficient; the strength of relationship was assessed by multiple linear regression analysis. Results. The study found a weak positive correlation (r = 0.179, p = 0.014) between salivary statherin and OHI-S; weak negative correlation (r = −0.187, p = 0.010) between salivary aPRP and OHI-S; and moderate negative correlation between salivary statherin and salivary aPRP levels (r = −0.50, p < 0.001) which were statistically significant. Conclusion. Poor oral hygiene is associated with increased statherin and reduced aPRP levels in saliva. Thus, these salivary components may have a role in predicting oral hygiene status.

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Difficulties Imposed on the Parent–Child Relationship Due to the COVID-19 Pandemic

Journal of Family Issues ◽

10.1177/0192513x211067527 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 0192513X2110675

Author(s):

Iraklis Grigoropoulos

Keyword(s):

Linear Regression Analysis ◽

Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Predictor Variables ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Parent Child Relationship ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Child Relationship ◽

Family Level ◽

Parent Child

The present study tested whether emotionally burdened parents due to the COVID-19 pandemic might appraise their relationship with their children more negatively. The current cross-sectional study was circulated through social media. A total of 265 respondents took part in the study. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to examine the association between predictor variables and the parent–child relationship. This study’s results report that older fathers with higher levels of COVID-19 related fear are more likely to appraise negatively their relationship with their children. Therefore, this study suggests the need for family-level strategies to address better the psychological aspects related to the pandemic outbreak.

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Screening for caregiver psychosocial risk in children with medical complexity: a cross-sectional study

BMJ Paediatrics Open ◽

10.1136/bmjpo-2020-000671 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. e000671

Author(s):

Rahul Verma ◽

Yasna Mehdian ◽

Neel Sheth ◽

Kathy Netten ◽

Jean Vinette ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Family Caregivers ◽

Linear Regression Analysis ◽

Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Psychosocial Risk ◽

Intermediate Risk ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Children With Medical Complexity ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Medical Complexity

ObjectiveTo quantify psychosocial risk in family caregivers of children with medical complexity using the Psychosocial Assessment Tool (PAT) and to investigate potential contributing sociodemographic factors.DesignCross-sectional study.SettingFamily caregivers completed questionnaires during long-term ventilation and complex care clinic visits at The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.PatientsA total of 136 family caregivers of children with medical complexity completed the PAT questionnaires from 30 June 2017 through 23 August 2017.Main outcome measuresMean PAT scores in family caregivers of children with medical complexity. Caregivers were stratified as ‘Universal’ low risk, ‘Targeted’ intermediate risk or ‘Clinical’ high risk. The effect of sociodemographic variables on overall PAT scores was also examined using multiple linear regression analysis. Comparisons with previous paediatric studies were made using T-test statistics.Results136 (103 females (76%)) family caregivers completed the study. Mean PAT score was 1.17 (SD=0.74), indicative of ‘Targeted’ intermediate risk. Sixty-one (45%) caregivers were classified as Universal risk, 60 (44%) as Targeted risk and 15 (11%) as Clinical risk. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed an overall significant model (p=0.04); however, no particular sociodemographic factor was a significant predictor of total PAT scores.ConclusionFamily caregivers of children with medical complexity report PAT scores among the highest of all previously studied paediatric populations. These caregivers experience significant psychosocial risk, demonstrated by larger proportions of caregivers in the highest-risk Clinical category.

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Nutritional status and quality of life in diabetic patients on hemodialysis: a cross-sectional study from Palestine

Journal of Health Population and Nutrition ◽

10.1186/s41043-021-00255-w ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 40 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Eba’a Hafi ◽

Ro’ya Soradi ◽

Sarah Diab ◽

Ahmad M. Samara ◽

Marah Shakhshir ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Regression Analysis ◽

Linear Regression ◽

Nutritional Status ◽

Linear Regression Analysis ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional

Abstract Background End-stage renal disease (ESRD) is a leading cause of death and morbidity worldwide. Malnutrition is a common problem among hemodialysis (HD) patients that negatively impacts their prognosis and is linked to an increase in morbidity and mortality in these patients, as well as a decrease in their quality of life (QOL). In this study, we aimed to evaluate the QOL and to investigate factors that can influence it, including nutritional status, as well as socio-demographic factors, among Palestinian diabetic patients on HD therapy. Methods This was a cross-sectional study that occurred at a large hemodialysis center in Palestine. Malnutrition was assessed by the malnutrition-inflammation scale (MIS), and the quality of life was evaluated by using the EuroQoL five-dimensional instrument (EQ-5D). Multivariable linear regression analysis was carried out to look at the effect of multiple variables on QOL. Results A total of 118 diabetic patients on HD were included. Of these, 66.9% were male, and 60.2% were aged 60 years or higher. Having multiple comorbid diseases (p=0.004) and having been on HD for >4 years (p=0.003) were significantly associated with a higher MIS score, whereas living alone (p=0.037) and having been on HD for >4 years (p=0.002) was significantly associated with lower EQ-5D score. We also observed a significant association between the MIS score and the EQ-5D score(r=−0.616, p<0.001). Multiple linear regression analysis demonstrated that diabetic hemodialysis patients who lived within a family household were positively correlated with the QOL score (standardized coefficient, 0.178; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.042 to 0.372; p = 0.015), and MIS score was significantly and negatively correlated with QOL scores (standardized coefficient, −0.587; 95% CI, −0.047 to −0.028; p < 0.001). Conclusions We found that malnutrition was associated with a lower QOL score among diabetic patients on HD. We recommend general practitioners, dietitians, nephrologists, and nurses to make plans that pay more attention to this group of patients who show evidence of malnutrition. Patients on dialysis for ≥ 4 years, patients who live alone, and those suffering from multiple co-morbid diseases should receive special care due to their higher risk of being impacted by this problem.

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