scholarly journals Small food store retailers’ views on healthy food retail policy in response to a local staple foods ordinance

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cydney M McGuire ◽  
Megan R Winkler ◽  
Kathleen M Lenk ◽  
Lisa Harnack ◽  
Darin J Erickson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Government Regulation ◽  
Healthy Food ◽  
Retail Stores ◽  
Healthy Foods ◽  
Food Retail ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Food Stores ◽  
Control Community ◽  
Mixed Regression ◽  
Staple Foods

Abstract Objective: Our objectives were to explore attitudes regarding food retail policy and government regulation among managers of small food stores and examine whether manager views changed due to the 2014 Minneapolis Staple Foods Ordinance, a city policy requiring retailers to stock specific healthy products. Design: Manager interviewer-administered surveys were used to assess views on food retail policy four times from 2014 to 2017. We examined baseline views across manager and store and neighbourhood characteristics using cross-sectional regression analyses and examined changes over time using mixed regression models. In 2017, open-ended survey questions asked about manager insights on the Minneapolis Staple Foods Ordinance. Setting: Minneapolis, MN, where the ordinance was enacted, and St. Paul, MN, a control community, USA. Participants: Managers from 147 small food retail stores. Results: At baseline, 48 % of managers were likely to support a policy requiring stores to stock healthy foods/beverages, 67·5 % of managers were likely to support voluntary programmes to help retailers stock healthy foods and 23·7 % agreed government regulation of business is good/necessary. There was a significant increase in overall support for food retail policies and voluntary programmes from 2014 to 2017 (P < 0·01); however, neither increase differed by city, suggesting no differential impact from the ordinance. Minneapolis store managers reported some challenges with ordinance compliance and offered suggestions for how local government could provide support. Conclusions: Findings suggest that managers of small food retail stores are becoming increasingly amenable to healthy food policies; yet, challenges need to be addressed to ensure healthy food is available to all customers.

scholarly journals Successful Implementation and Elements of Healthy Food Retail Programs: Extension Professionals Perceptions (P04-167-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra Nussbaumer ◽  
Kristin Riggsbee ◽  
Elizabeth Anderson Steeves ◽  
Elizabeth Hall ◽  
Christopher Sneed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Healthy Food ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Food Retail ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Funding Sources ◽  
Hands On ◽  
Extension Professionals ◽  
Extension Staff

Abstract Objectives The objective of this cross-sectional, exploratory study was to understand the perceptions of healthy food retail programs (HFRP) by Extension professionals in low-income communities to determine strategies for successful implementation of HFRP. Methods Thirty Extension agents and county directors from one state in the southeastern U.S. were recruited via emails, and 53.3% (n = 16) completed a demographics questionnaire and a semi-structured interview. The interviews were conducted and recorded using online video conferencing software and took place in August and September 2018. Participants were asked about their definitions of HFRP, what challenges and benefits they had observed during HFRP implementation in their communities, and to identify strategies that would increase the success of HFRP programs. Recordings were transcribed verbatim and analyzed by two researchers independently using multiple coding mechanisms. Results Most participants were white (87.5%), female (93.7%), and had worked for Extension for 0–5 years (37.5%). Participants did not have any prior experience with HFRP; therefore, the qualitative data revolved around their interpretation of a HFRP, which varied. Participants noted the following as components needed for a successful HFRP implementation: working in both corporate supermarkets and local mom-and-pop stores; promoting healthy food retail options; and conducting food demonstrations. One emergent theme was that HFRP would bring immense benefits to their communities, including expanding the recognition of Extension and a higher consumption of healthier foods among community members. One barrier identified was current county-level evaluation practices for policy, systems, and environment (PSE) approaches, which Extension staff are evaluated upon, not currently fully capturing HFRP interventions. Adequate training of HFRP was another theme that was identified, with agents requesting in-person, hands-on techniques. Conclusions Extension staff perceive that HFRP implementation may provide benefits to low-income communities. However, one specific need that was identified is hands-on training prior to initiation of HFRP. Additionally, participants requested new approaches for evaluating PSE programs like HFRP. Funding Sources No funding sources.

Knowledge of healthy foods does not translate to healthy snack consumption among exercise science undergraduates

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura H McArthur ◽  
Antonette Valentino ◽  
Donald Holbert
Keyword(s):  
Food Choices ◽  
Healthy Food ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Similar Data ◽  
Healthy Foods ◽  
Exercise Science ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Snack Consumption

This cross-sectional survey study compared the on- and off-campus snack choices and related correlates of convenience samples of exercise science (ES) ( n = 165, M = 45%, F = 55%) and non-exercise science (NES) ( n =160, M = 43%, F = 57%) undergraduates. The hypothesis posed was that knowledge of healthy foods will not translate to healthier snack consumption by the ES students, and that the snack choices and related correlates of ES and NES students will be similar. Data were collected using self-administered questionnaires completed in classrooms (ES sample) and at high-traffic locations on-campus (NES sample). Chi-square and t-test analyses compared ES and NES students on snack correlates. Snacks consumed most often by the ES and NES students on-campus were health bars/squares ( n = 56 vs. n = 48) and savory snacks ( n = 55 vs. n = 71), and off-campus were savory snacks ( n = 60 vs. n = 71) and fruits ( n = 41 vs. n = 34). Over half of both samples believed their snack choices were a mix of unhealthy and healthy. Fruits were considered healthier snacks and chips less healthy by both samples, and fruits were the most often recommended snack. About 20% believed these choices would impact their health unfavorably, and about two thirds self-classified in the action stages for healthy snacking. Since knowledge about healthy food choices did not translate to healthy snack selection, these students would benefit from interventions that teach selection and preparation of healthy snacks on a restricted budget.

scholarly journals Food at checkouts in non-food stores: a cross-sectional study of a large indoor shopping mall

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (15) ◽  
pp. 2786-2793 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Wright ◽  
Erin Kamp ◽  
Martin White ◽  
Jean Adams ◽  
Sarah Sowden
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Shopping Mall ◽  
Healthy Foods ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Price Promotions ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Food Stores ◽  
Child Height ◽  
The Uk

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the display of food at non-food store checkouts; and to classify foods by type and nutrient content, presence of price promotions and whether food was at child height.DesignCross-sectional survey of checkout displays at non-food stores. Foods were classified as ‘less healthy’ or healthier using the UK Food Standards Agency’s Nutrient Profile Model. Written price promotions were recorded. Child height was defined as the sight line of an 11-year-old approximated from UK growth charts.SettingA large indoor shopping mall, Gateshead, UK, February–March 2014.SubjectsTwo hundred and five out of 219 non-food stores in the shopping mall directory which were open for trading.ResultsThirty-two (15·6 %) of 205 non-food stores displayed food at the checkout. All displayed less healthy foods, and fourteen (43·8 %) had healthier foods. Overall, 5911 checkout foods were identified. Of these, 4763 (80·6 %) were ‘less healthy’. No fruits, vegetables, nuts or seeds were found. Of 4763 less healthy foods displayed, 195 (4·1 %) were subject to price promotions, compared with twelve of 1148 (1·0 %) healthier foods (χ2(df=1)=25·4, P<0·0001). There was no difference in the proportion of less healthy (95·1 %) and healthier (96·2 %) foods displayed at child height.ConclusionsAlmost one-sixth of non-food stores displayed checkout food, the majority of which was ‘less healthy’ and displayed at child height. Less healthy food was more likely to be subject to a written price promotion than healthier food. Further research into the drivers and consequences of checkout food in non-food stores is needed. Public health regulation may be warranted.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the first U.S. staple foods ordinance: impact on nutritional quality of food store offerings, customer purchases and home food environments

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Melissa N. Laska ◽  
Caitlin E. Caspi ◽  
Kathleen Lenk ◽  
Stacey G. Moe ◽  
Jennifer E. Pelletier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Environments ◽  
Healthy Foods ◽  
Food Stores ◽  
Food Retailers ◽  
Home Food ◽  
Customer Purchases ◽  
Staple Foods ◽  
Time Required ◽  
Food Offerings ◽  
The U.S

Abstract Background Many lower-income and racially diverse communities in the U.S. have limited access to healthy foods, with few supermarkets and many small convenience stores, which tend to stock limited quantities and varieties of healthy foods. To address food access, in 2015 the Minneapolis Staple Foods Ordinance became the first policy requiring food stores to stock minimum quantities and varieties of 10 categories of healthy foods/beverages, including fruits, vegetables, whole grains and other staples, through licensing. This study examined whether: (a) stores complied, (b) overall healthfulness of store environments improved, (c) healthy customer purchases increased, and (d) healthfulness of home food environments improved among frequent small store shoppers. Methods Data for this natural (or quasi) experiment were collected at four times: pre-policy (2014), implementation only (no enforcement, 2015), enforcement initiation (2016) and continued monitoring (2017). In-person store assessments were conducted to evaluate food availability, price, quality, marketing and placement in randomly sampled food retailers in Minneapolis (n = 84) and compared to those in a nearby control city, St. Paul, Minnesota (n = 71). Stores were excluded that were: supermarkets, authorized through WIC (Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children), and specialty stores (e.g., spice shops). Customer intercept interviews were conducted with 3,039 customers exiting stores. Home visits, including administration of home food inventories, were conducted with a sub-sample of frequent shoppers (n = 88). Results Overall, findings indicated significant improvements in healthy food offerings by retailers over time in both Minneapolis and St. Paul, with no significant differences in change between the two cities. Compliance was low; in 2017 only 10% of Minneapolis retailers in the sample were fully compliant, and 51% of participating Minneapolis retailers met at least 8 of the 10 required standards. Few changes were observed in the healthfulness of customer purchases or the healthfulness of home food environments among frequent shoppers, and changes were not different between cities. Conclusions This study is the first evaluation a local staple foods ordinance in the U.S. and reflects the challenges and time required for implementing such policies. Trial registration NCT02774330.

scholarly journals Changes in neighbourhood food store environment, food behaviour and body mass index, 1981–1990

2008 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 963-970 ◽  
Author(s):  
May C Wang ◽  
Catherine Cubbin ◽  
Dave Ahn ◽  
Marilyn A Winkleby
Keyword(s):  
Fast Food ◽  
Healthy Food ◽  
Grocery Stores ◽  
Food Store ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Substantial Impact ◽  
Food Stores ◽  
Food Pattern ◽  
Store Environment ◽  
Agricultural Regions

AbstractObjectiveThis paper examines trends in the neighbourhood food store environment (defined by the number and geographic density of food stores of each type in a neighbourhood), and in food consumption behaviour and overweight risk of 5779 men and women.DesignThe study used data gathered by the Stanford Heart Disease Prevention Program in four cross-sectional surveys conducted from 1981 to 1990.SettingFour mid-sized cities in agricultural regions of California.SubjectsIn total, 3154 women and 2625 men, aged 25–74 years.ResultsFrom 1981 to 1990, there were large increases in the number and density of neighbourhood stores selling sweets, pizza stores, small grocery stores and fast-food restaurants. During this period, the percentage of women and men who adopted healthy food behaviours increased but so did the percentage who adopted less healthy food behaviours. The percentage who were obese increased by 28% in women and 24% in men.ConclusionFindings point to increases in neighbourhood food stores that generally offer mostly unhealthy foods, and also to the importance of examining other food pattern changes that may have a substantial impact on obesity, such as large increases in portion sizes during the 1980s.

scholarly journals Healthy food access for urban food desert residents: examination of the food environment, food purchasing practices, diet and BMI

2014 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 2220-2230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamara Dubowitz ◽  
Shannon N Zenk ◽  
Bonnie Ghosh-Dastidar ◽  
Deborah A Cohen ◽  
Robin Beckman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Food Access ◽  
Physical Distance ◽  
Healthy Food ◽  
Food Desert ◽  
Dietary Quality ◽  
Healthy Foods ◽  
Food Stores ◽  
Food Purchasing ◽  
Food Shopping

AbstractObjectiveTo provide a richer understanding of food access and purchasing practices among US urban food desert residents and their association with diet and BMI.DesignData on food purchasing practices, dietary intake, height and weight from the primary food shopper in randomly selected households (n 1372) were collected. Audits of all neighbourhood food stores (n 24) and the most-frequented stores outside the neighbourhood (n 16) were conducted. Aspects of food access and purchasing practices and relationships among them were examined and tests of their associations with dietary quality and BMI were conducted.SettingTwo low-income, predominantly African-American neighbourhoods with limited access to healthy food in Pittsburgh, PA, USA.SubjectsHousehold food shoppers.ResultsOnly one neighbourhood outlet sold fresh produce; nearly all respondents did major food shopping outside the neighbourhood. Although the nearest full-service supermarket was an average of 2·6 km from their home, respondents shopped an average of 6·0 km from home. The average trip was by car, took approximately 2 h for the round trip, and occurred two to four times per month. Respondents spent approximately $US 37 per person per week on food. Those who made longer trips had access to cars, shopped less often and spent less money per person. Those who travelled further when they shopped had higher BMI, but most residents already shopped where healthy foods were available, and physical distance from full-service supermarkets was unrelated to weight or dietary quality.ConclusionsImproved access to healthy foods is the target of current policies meant to improve health. However, distance to the closest supermarket might not be as important as previously thought, and thus policy and interventions that focus merely on improving access may not be effective.

scholarly journals Variation in the food environment of small and non-traditional stores across racial segregation and corporate status

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (09) ◽  
pp. 1624-1634 ◽  
Author(s):  
Megan R Winkler ◽  
Kathleen M Lenk ◽  
Caitlin E Caspi ◽  
Darin J Erickson ◽  
Lisa Harnack ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Predominantly White ◽  
Food Environment ◽  
Racial Segregation ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Traditional Food ◽  
Structural Level ◽  
Healthy Foods ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Food Stores ◽  
Food Retailers

AbstractObjectiveWe examined differences in consumer-level characteristics and structural resources and capabilities of small and non-traditional food retailers (i.e. corner stores, gas-marts, pharmacies, dollar stores) by racial segregation of store neighbourhood and corporate status (corporate/franchise-v. independently owned).DesignObservational store assessments and manager surveys were used to examine availability-, affordability- and marketing-related characteristics experienced by consumers as well as store resources (e.g. access to distributors) and perceived capabilities for healthful changes (e.g. reduce pricing on healthy foods). Cross-sectional regression analyses of store and manager data based on neighbourhood segregation and store corporate status were conducted.SettingSmall and non-traditional food stores in Minneapolis and St. Paul, MN, USA.ParticipantsOne hundred and thirty-nine stores; seventy-eight managers.ResultsSeveral consumer- and structural-level differences occurred by corporate status, independent of residential segregation. Compared with independently owned stores, corporate/franchise-owned stores were more likely to: not offer fresh produce; when offered, receive produce via direct delivery and charge higher prices; promote unhealthier consumer purchases; and have managers that perceived greater difficulty in making healthful changes (P≤0·05). Only two significant differences were identified by residential racial segregation. Stores in predominantly people of colour communities (&lt;30 % non-Hispanic White) had less availability of fresh fruit and less promotion of unhealthy impulse buys relative to stores in predominantly White communities (P≤0·05).ConclusionsCorporate status appears to be a relevant determinant of the consumer-level food environment of small and non-traditional stores. Policies and interventions aimed at making these settings healthier may need to consider multiple social determinants to enable successful implementation.

scholarly journals Geographic measures of retail food outlets and perceived availability of healthy foods in neighbourhoods

2015 ◽  
Vol 19 (8) ◽  
pp. 1368-1374 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy L Barnes ◽  
Darcy A Freedman ◽  
Bethany A Bell ◽  
Natalie Colabianchi ◽  
Angela D Liese
Keyword(s):  
South Carolina ◽  
Fast Food ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Healthy Food ◽  
Least Squares Regression ◽  
Healthy Foods ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Food Outlets ◽  
Perceived Availability ◽  
Retail Food

AbstractObjectiveTo examine associations between geographic measures of retail food outlets and perceived availability of healthy foods.DesignCross-sectional.SettingA predominantly rural, eight-county region of South Carolina, USA.SubjectsData from 705 household shoppers were analysed using ordinary least-squares regression to examine relationships between geographic measures (presence and distance) of food outlets obtained via a geographic information system and perceived availability of healthy foods (fresh fruits and vegetables and low-fat foods).ResultsThe presence of a supermarket within an 8·05 km (5-mile) buffer area was significantly associated with perceived availability of healthy foods (β=1·09, P=0·025) when controlling for all other food outlet types. However, no other derived geographic presence measures were significant predictors of perceived availability of healthy foods. Distances to the nearest supermarket (β=−0·16, P=0·003), dollar and variety store (β=−0·15, P=0·005) and fast-food restaurant (β=0·11, P=0·015) were all significantly associated with perceptions of healthy food availability.ConclusionsOur results suggest that distance to food outlets is a significant predictor of healthy food perceptions, although presence is sensitive to boundary size. Our study contributes to the understanding and improvement of techniques that characterize individuals’ food options in their community.

scholarly journals Healthy food availability in small urban food stores: a comparison of four US cities

2009 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 1031-1035 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melissa Nelson Laska ◽  
Kelley E Borradaile ◽  
June Tester ◽  
Gary D Foster ◽  
Joel Gittelsohn
Keyword(s):  
Food Availability ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Healthy Food ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Low Fat ◽  
Limited Region ◽  
Food Stores ◽  
Healthy Food Availability ◽  
Staple Foods ◽  
Cross Site

AbstractObjectiveGiven that small food stores may be important retail food sources in low-income urban communities, our objective was to examine cross-city comparative data documenting healthy food availability within such facilities, particularly those located in low-income areas and nearby schools.DesignFood stores in Baltimore, Maryland; Minneapolis/St. Paul, Minnesota; Oakland, California; and Philadelphia, Pennsylvania were selected for assessment based on proximity to low-income schools. Stores were defined as: (i) single-aisle (n 45); (ii) small (2–5 aisles; n 52); and (iii) large (≥6 aisles; n 8). Staff conducted in-store audits to assess the presence/absence of twenty-eight healthy items, organized within five categories: (i) fresh fruits/vegetables, (ii) processed fruits/vegetables, (iii) healthy beverages/low-fat dairy, (iv) healthy snacks and (v) other healthy staple foods.ResultsThe availability of healthy food items was low, particularly in single-aisle and small stores, and there was significant cross-site variability in the availability of healthy snacks (P < 0·0001) and other healthy staple foods (P < 0·0001). No cross-site differences existed for fruits/vegetables or healthy beverages/low-fat dairy availability. Healthy food availability scores increased significantly with store size for nearly all food/beverage categories (P < 0·01).ConclusionsOverall, healthy food availability in these venues was limited. Region-specific factors may be important to consider in understanding factors influencing healthy food availability in small urban markets. Data suggest that efforts to promote healthy diets in low-income communities may be compromised by a lack of available healthy foods. Interventions targeting small stores need to be developed and tailored for use in urban areas across the USA.

scholarly journals The Influence of Values and Attitude toward Healthy Food Selection at Student of Bogor Agricultural University

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aidha Syah ◽  
Lilik Noor Yuliati
Keyword(s):  
Design Research ◽  
Food Selection ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Healthy Food ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Healthy Foods ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Significant Difference

<p>The food selection is a process that consumers do every day before consuming any food. The food which is selected for consumption will have an effect for our health. This study aimed to analyze the influence of values and attitudes toward healthy food choices. Design research was using cross sectional study with a survey method using a self-report questionnaire and involving 288 students of PPKU IPB selected by cluster random sampling technique. Data were analyzed using SPSS for descriptive, different test of an independent t-test, correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis. The results showed that there are significant differences in values and attitudes between men and women and meanwhile there was no significant difference in the selection of healthy foods between men and women. Values and attitudes of students have a positive relationship to the choice of healthy foods. The results also showed that the attitude had a positive and significant effect on the choice of healthy foods, otherwise values had no significant effect on the choice of healthy foods.</p>

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