scholarly journals Age difference in the combined effect of soda drinks consumption and body adiposity on hyperuricemia in US adults

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-25
Author(s):  
Wei-Ting Lin ◽  
Yu-Hsiang Kao ◽  
Hui-Yi Lin ◽  
Mirandy S. Li ◽  
Ting Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Middle Age ◽  
Logistic Models ◽  
Age Difference ◽  
Added Sugar ◽  
Sugar Intake ◽  
Interaction Terms ◽  
Body Adiposity ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
And Gender

Abstract Objective: To evaluate age-related differences in the independent/combined association of added sugar intake from soda and body adiposity with hyperuricemia in gender stratified US adults. Design: Consumption of added sugar from soda was calculated from 24-h dietary interviews and categorized into none, regular, and excessive consumption. Hyperuricemia was defined as serum uric acid levels >7 mg/dL in men and >6 mg/dL in women. Multiple regression models with interaction terms and logistic models adjusted for covariates were conducted under survey-data modules. Setting: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey during 2007-2016. Participants: 15,338 adults without gout, failing kidneys, an eGFR<30 or diabetes were selected. Results: The age stratified prevalence rate of hyperuricemia was 18.8-20.4% in males and 6.8-17.3% in females. Hyperuricemia prevalence of approximately 50% was observed in young and middle age males who consumed excessive added sugar from soda. Excessive added sugar intake was observed to be associated with a 1.5- to 2.0- fold and 2.0- to 2.3- fold increased risk of the probability of hyperuricemia in young and middle age males and middle age females, respectively. Study participants, regardless of age or gender, who were obese and consumed excessive added sugar from soda had the highest risk of having hyperuricemia. Conclusion: Our study revealed that the association between hyperuricemia and consumption of excessive added sugar from soda may vary by age and gender. Obese adults who consumed excessive added sugar from soda had the highest risk of hyperuricemia, a finding that was found across all age-specific groups for both genders.

scholarly journals Brain ageing in schizophrenia: evidence from 26 international cohorts via the ENIGMA Schizophrenia consortium

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Constantinos Constantinides ◽  
Laura KM Han ◽  
Clara Alloza ◽  
Linda Antonucci ◽  
Celso Arango ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Collaborative Study ◽  
Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Age Difference ◽  
Intracranial Volume ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Brain Ageing ◽  
Increased Risk

Schizophrenia (SZ) is associated with an increased risk of life-long cognitive impairments, age-related chronic disease, and premature mortality. We investigated evidence for advanced brain ageing in adult SZ patients, and whether this was associated with clinical characteristics in a prospective meta-analytic study conducted by the ENIGMA Schizophrenia Working Group. The study included data from 26 cohorts worldwide, with a total of 2803 SZ patients (mean age 34.2 years; range 18-72 years; 67% male) and 2598 healthy controls (mean age 33.8 years, range 18-73 years, 55% male). Brain-predicted age was individually estimated using a model trained on independent data based on 68 measures of cortical thickness and surface area, 7 subcortical volumes, lateral ventricular volumes and total intracranial volume, all derived from T1-weighted brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans. Deviations from a healthy brain ageing trajectory were assessed by the difference between brain-predicted age and chronological age (brain-predicted age difference [brain-PAD]). On average, SZ patients showed a higher brain-PAD of +3.64 years (95% CI: 3.01, 4.26; I2 = 55.28%) compared to controls, after adjusting for age and sex (Cohen's d = 0.50). Among SZ patients, brain-PAD was not associated with specific clinical characteristics (age of onset, duration of illness, symptom severity, or antipsychotic use and dose). This large-scale collaborative study suggests advanced structural brain ageing in SZ. Longitudinal studies of SZ and a range of mental and somatic health outcomes will help to further evaluate the clinical implications of increased brain-PAD and its ability to be influenced by interventions.

scholarly journals Association between change in self-reported sugar intake and a sugar biomarker (δ13C) in children at increased risk for type 1 diabetes

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martha M. Henze ◽  
Elizabeth A. Bemis ◽  
Jennifer A. Seifert ◽  
Randi K. Johnson ◽  
Fran Dong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Intervention Study ◽  
Added Sugar ◽  
Sugar Intake ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Dietary Sugar

Abstract We examined whether change in added sugar intake is associated with change in δ13C, a novel sugar biomarker, in thirty-nine children aged 5–10 years selected from a Colorado (USA) prospective cohort of children at increased risk for type 1 diabetes. Reported added sugar intake via FFQ and δ13C in erythrocytes were measured at two time points a median of 2 years apart. Change in added sugar intake was associated with change in the δ13C biomarker, where for every 1-g increase in added sugar intake between the two time points, there was an increase in δ13C of 0⋅0082 (P = 0⋅0053), independent of change in HbA1c and δ15N. The δ13C biomarker may be used as a measure of compliance in an intervention study of children under the age of 10 years who are at increased risk for type 1 diabetes, in which the goal was to reduce dietary sugar intake.

scholarly journals Speech Recognition Across the Life Span: Longitudinal Changes From Middle-Age to Older Adults

2015 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 84-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judy R. Dubno
Keyword(s):  
Speech Recognition ◽  
Word Recognition ◽  
Life Span ◽  
Pure Tone ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Mixed Model ◽  
Middle Age ◽  
Age Related ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Age Related Hearing Loss

Purpose The purpose of this article is to provide an overview of evidence of age-related declines in speech recognition in middle age to older adulthood; to review contributions of pure-tone thresholds, age, and gender; and to report preliminary results from a longitudinal study. Method Pure-tone thresholds and word recognition in quiet and babble are being measured in a large sample of adults yearly or every 2 to 3 years. Analyses included >16,000 audiograms and speech recognition scores from >1,200 adults whose ages ranged from the 40s to the 90s. A multivariable generalized linear repeated mixed model assessed changes in thresholds and speech recognition over time. Results Word recognition in quiet declined significantly while controlling for threshold increases, and declines appeared to accelerate near ages 65 to 70 years. Scores for men were poorer than those for women even after controlling for gender differences in thresholds, but rates of decline did not differ by gender. Smaller declines in key word recognition in babble were observed, and declines appeared to accelerate near ages 75 to 80 years. Conclusions Additional evidence is needed from large-scale longitudinal cohort studies to determine rates of change of auditory function across the life span. These studies can identify associations with modifiable risk factors and potential mechanisms to reduce, to prevent, or to delay the onset of age-related hearing loss.

scholarly journals Haplotypes of HTRA1 rs1120638, TIMP3 rs9621532, VEGFA rs833068, CFI rs10033900, ERCC6 rs3793784, and KCTD10 rs56209061 Gene Polymorphisms in Age-Related Macular Degeneration

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rasa Liutkeviciene ◽  
Alvita Vilkeviciute ◽  
Greta Gedvilaite ◽  
Kriste Kaikaryte ◽  
Loresa Kriauciuniene
Keyword(s):  
Macular Degeneration ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Exudative Amd ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Impact

Background. To determine the impact of HTRA1 rs1120638, TIMP3 rs9621532, VEGFA rs833068, CFI rs10033900, ERCC6 rs3793784, and KCTD10 rs56209061 genotypes on the development of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) in the Lithuanian population. Methods. A total of 916 subjects were examined: 309 patients with early AMD, 301 patients with exudative AMD, and 306 healthy controls. The genotyping of HTRA1 rs11200638, TIMP3 rs9621532, VEGFA rs833068, CFI rs10033900, ERCC6 rs3793784, and KCTD10 rs56209061 was carried out using the RT-PCR method. Results. Our study showed that single-nucleotide polymorphisms rs3793784 and rs11200638 were associated with increased odds of early and exudative AMD, and the variant in KCTD10 (rs56209061) was found to be associated with decreased odds of early and exudative AMD development after adjustments for age and gender in early AMD analysis and after adjustments only for age in exudative AMD. The haplotype containing two minor alleles C-A and the G-A haplotype in rs3793784-rs11200638 were statistically significantly associated with an increased risk of exudative AMD development after adjustment for age, while the G-G haplotype showed a protective role against early and exudative AMD and the haplotype C-G in rs3793784-rs11200638 was associated with a decreased risk only of exudative AMD development. Conclusions. Our study identified two markers, rs11200638 and rs3793784, as risk factors for early and exudative AMD, and one marker, rs56209061, as a protective factor for early and exudative AMD development. The haplotypes constructed of rs3793784-rs11200638 were found to be associated with AMD development, as well.

scholarly journals Increased Tau Phosphorylation and Cleavage in Mouse Models of Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes

Endocrinology ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 150 (12) ◽  
pp. 5294-5301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bhumsoo Kim ◽  
Carey Backus ◽  
SangSu Oh ◽  
John M. Hayes ◽  
Eva L. Feldman
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Mouse Models ◽  
The United States ◽  
Tau Phosphorylation ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Tau Cleavage

Abstract As the population of the United States ages, the incidence of age-related neurodegenerative and systemic diseases including Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and diabetes is increasing rapidly. Multiple studies report that patients with diabetes have a 50–75% increased risk of developing AD compared with age- and gender-matched patients without diabetes. Abnormally phosphorylated tau is a major building block of neurofibrillary tangles, a classic neuropathological characteristic of AD. In addition, proteolytic tau cleavage promotes AD progression due to cleaved tau serving as a nucleation center for the pathological assembly of tau filaments. The current study examines tau modification in type 1 (streptozotocin-injected) and type 2 (db/db) mouse models of diabetes. Tau phosphorylation is increased in the cortex and hippocampus of db/db mice compared with db+ control mouse brain. Interestingly, there is an age-dependent increase in tau cleavage that is not observed in age-matched control db+ animals. Streptozotocin injection also increased tau phosphorylation; however, the increase was less significant compared with the type 2 mouse model, and more importantly, no tau cleavage was detected. Our results suggest tau modification caused by insulin dysfunction and hyperglycemia may contribute to the increased incidence of AD in diabetes. We hypothesize that type 1 and type 2 diabetes may contribute to AD through different mechanisms; in type 2 diabetes, hyperglycemia-mediated tau cleavage may be the key feature, whereas insulin deficiency may be the major contributing factor in type 1 diabetes.

scholarly journals Zamierzenia prokreacyjne a możliwość ich realizacji w kontekście czynników biologicznych

2013 ◽  
pp. 11-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Tymicki
Keyword(s):  
Waiting Time ◽  
Fertility Intentions ◽  
Biological Factors ◽  
Time To Pregnancy ◽  
Main Hypothesis ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Reproductive Ageing ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Impact

The article presents both theoretical and empirical aspects of studies on fertility intentions in the context of factors shaping fecundity. In most contemporary societies couples declare their preference for two children. These declarations stand in opposition to registered total fertility rates, both period and cohort rates, which rarely reach value of 2 in Europe. The gap between fertility intentions and their realization might be partially explained by the impact of reproductive ageing (biological factors) which may play an increasingly significant role due to postponement of childbearing. A natural pattern of a decrease in fecundity over age might influence on reproductive outcome of women who postpone to conceive a child, and consequently results in an increased risk of involuntary childlessness or lower parity progression ratios. The data coming from the Generations and Gender Survey in Poland (GGS-PL) makes it possible to check the main hypothesis about an age-specific decrease in fecundity, which is manifested by a prolonged waiting time to pregnancy. The data were collected via the retrospective questions included into the GGS-PL questionnaire. Results show that there is a significant increase in waiting time to pregnancy among women older than 34 years. This finding supports theoretical predictions concerning the age-related decrease in fecundity. Its relevance is discussed by referring to explanations of the gap between fertility intentions and completed fertility in terms of voluntary and involuntary childlessness, as well as biological factors related to reproductive ageing.

The Role of Vascular Aging in Atherosclerotic Plaque Development and Vulnerability

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (29) ◽  
pp. 3098-3111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luca Liberale ◽  
Giovanni G. Camici
Keyword(s):  
Atherosclerotic Plaque ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Plaque Burden ◽  
Vascular Aging ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Plaque Development ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Over Time

Background: The ongoing demographical shift is leading to an unprecedented aging of the population. As a consequence, the prevalence of age-related diseases, such as atherosclerosis and its thrombotic complications is set to increase in the near future. Endothelial dysfunction and vascular stiffening characterize arterial aging and set the stage for the development of cardiovascular diseases. Atherosclerotic plaques evolve over time, the extent to which these changes might affect their stability and predispose to sudden complications remains to be determined. Recent advances in imaging technology will allow for longitudinal prospective studies following the progression of plaque burden aimed at better characterizing changes over time associated with plaque stability or rupture. Oxidative stress and inflammation, firmly established driving forces of age-related CV dysfunction, also play an important role in atherosclerotic plaque destabilization and rupture. Several genes involved in lifespan determination are known regulator of redox cellular balance and pre-clinical evidence underlines their pathophysiological roles in age-related cardiovascular dysfunction and atherosclerosis. Objective: The aim of this narrative review is to examine the impact of aging on arterial function and atherosclerotic plaque development. Furthermore, we report how molecular mechanisms of vascular aging might regulate age-related plaque modifications and how this may help to identify novel therapeutic targets to attenuate the increased risk of CV disease in elderly people.

Gene polymorphisms associated with an increased risk of exudative age-related macular degeneration in a Spanish population

2021 ◽  
pp. 112067212110026
Author(s):  
Pablo Gili ◽  
Leyre Lloreda Martín ◽  
José-Carlos Martín-Rodrigo ◽  
Naon Kim-Yeon ◽  
Laura Modamio-Gardeta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Macular Degeneration ◽  
Gene Polymorphisms ◽  
Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽  
Spanish Population ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Exudative Amd ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Increased Risk

Purpose: To identify the association between single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in CFH, ARMS2, HTRA1, CFB, C2, and C3 genes and exudative age-related macular degeneration (AMD) in a Spanish population. Methods: In 187 exudative AMD patients and 196 healthy controls (61% women, mean age 75 years), 12 SNPs as risk factors for AMD in CFH (rs1410996, rs1061170, r380390), ARMS2 (rs10490924, rs10490923), HTRA1 (rs11200638), CFB (rs641153), C2 (rs547154, rs9332739), and C3 (rs147859257, rs2230199, rs1047286) genes were analyzed. Results: The G allele was the most frequent in CFH gene (rs1410996) with a 7-fold increased risk of AMD (OR 7.69, 95% CI 3.17–18.69), whereas carriers of C allele in CFH (rs1061170) showed a 3-fold increased risk for AMD (OR 3.22, 95% CI 1.93–5.40). In CFH (rs380390), the presence of G allele increased the risk for AMD by 2-fold (OR 2.52, 95% CI 1.47–4.30). In ARMS2 (rs10490924), the T-allele was associated with an almost 5-fold increased risk (OR 5.49, 95% CI 3.23–9.31). The A allele in HTRA1 (rs11200638) was more prevalent in AMD versus controls (OR 6.44, 95% CI 3.62–11.47). In C2 gene (rs9332739) the presence of C increased risk for AMD by 3-fold (OR 3.10, 95% CI 1.06–9.06). Conclusion: SNPs in CFH, ARMS2, HTRA1, and C2 genes were associated in our study with an increased risk for exudative AMD in Spanish patients.

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