scholarly journals Neighborhood food typologies, fast food outlet visitation and snack food purchasing among adolescents in Melbourne, Australia

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-24
Author(s):  
Venurs HY Loh ◽  
Maartje P Poelman ◽  
Jenny Veitch ◽  
Sarah A McNaughton ◽  
Rebecca M Leech ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fast Food ◽  
Latent Profile Analysis ◽  
Profile Analysis ◽  
Snack Food ◽  
Food Environments ◽  
Food Outlet ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Food Purchasing ◽  
Fast Food Outlet ◽  
Food Outlets

Abstract Objective: Despite the increased attention on neighborhood food environments and dietary behaviors, studies focusing on adolescents are limited. This study aims to characterize typologies of food environments surrounding adolescents and their associations with fast food outlet visitation and snack food purchasing to/from school. Design: The number of food outlets (supermarket; green grocers; butcher/seafood/deli; bakeries; convenience stores; fast food/takeaways; café and restaurants) within a 1km buffer from home were determined using a Geographic Information System. Adolescents self-reported frequency of fast food outlet visitation and snack food purchasing to/from school. Latent Profile Analysis was conducted to identify typologies of the food environment. Cross-sectional multilevel logistic regression analyses were conducted to examine the relationships between food typologies, fast food outlet visitations and snack food purchasing to/from school. Setting: Melbourne, Australia Participants: 410 adolescents (mean age= 15.5 (SD=1.5) years) Results: Four distinct typologies of food outlets were identified: 1) limited variety/low number; 2) some variety/low number; 3) high variety/medium number; 4) high variety/high number. Adolescents living in Typologies 1 and 2 had three times higher odds of visiting fast food outlets ≥1 per week (Typology 1: OR= 3.71, 95%CI 1.23, 11.19; Typology 2: OR= 3.65, 95% CI 1.21, 10.99) than those living in Typology 4. No evidence of association was found between typologies of the food environments and snack food purchasing behavior to/from school among adolescents. Conclusion: Local government could emphasize an overall balance of food outlets when designing neighborhoods to reduce propensity for fast food outlet visitation among adolescents.

scholarly journals Supermarket and fast-food outlet exposure in Copenhagen: associations with socio-economic and demographic characteristics

2011 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. 1618-1626 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chalida M Svastisalee ◽  
Helene Nordahl ◽  
Charlotte Glümer ◽  
Bjørn E Holstein ◽  
Lisa M Powell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Fast Food ◽  
Negative Binomial ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Food Outlet ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Fast Food Outlet ◽  
Food Outlets ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The City

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate whether exposure to fast-food outlets and supermarkets is socio-economically patterned in the city of Copenhagen.DesignThe study was based on a cross-sectional multivariate approach to examine the association between the number of fast-food outlets and supermarkets and neighbourhood-level socio-economic indicators. Food business addresses were obtained from commercial and public business locators and geocoded using a geographic information system for all neighbourhoods in the city of Copenhagen (n 400). The regression of counts of fast-food outlets and supermarkets v. indicators of socio-economic status (percentage of recent immigrants, percentage without a high-school diploma, percentage of the population under 35 years of age and average household income in Euros) was performed using negative binomial analysis.SettingCopenhagen, Denmark.SubjectsThe unit of analysis was neighbourhood (n 400).ResultsIn the fully adjusted models, income was not a significant predictor for supermarket exposure. However, neighbourhoods with low and mid-low income were associated with significantly fewer fast-food outlets. Using backwise deletion from the fully adjusted models, low income remained significantly associated with fast-food outlet exposure (rate ratio = 0·66–0·80) in the final model.ConclusionsIn the city of Copenhagen, there was no evidence of spatial patterning of supermarkets by income. However, we detected a trend in the exposure to fast-food outlets, such that neighbourhoods in the lowest income quartile had fewer fast-food outlets than higher-income neighbourhoods. These findings have similarities with studies conducted in the UK, but not in the USA. The results suggest there may be socio-economic factors other than income associated with food exposure in Europe.

scholarly journals Independent and combined associations between fast-food outlet exposure and genetic risk for obesity: a population-based, cross-sectional study in the UK

BMC Medicine ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Burgoine ◽  
Pablo Monsivais ◽  
Stephen J. Sharp ◽  
Nita G. Forouhi ◽  
Nicholas J. Wareham
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Risk ◽  
Fast Food ◽  
Genetic Risk Score ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Food Outlet ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Fast Food Outlet ◽  
Common Genetic Variants

Abstract Background Characteristics of the built environment, such as neighbourhood fast-food outlet exposure, are increasingly recognised as risk factors for unhealthy diet and obesity. Obesity also has a genetic component, with common genetic variants explaining a substantial proportion of population-level obesity susceptibility. However, it is not known whether and to what extent associations between fast-food outlet exposure and body weight are modified by genetic predisposition to obesity. Methods We used data from the Fenland Study, a population-based sample of 12,435 UK adults (mean age 48.6 years). We derived a genetic risk score associated with BMI (BMI-GRS) from 96 BMI-associated single nucleotide polymorphisms. Neighbourhood fast-food exposure was defined as quartiles of counts of outlets around the home address. We used multivariable regression models to estimate the associations of each exposure, independently and in combination, with measured BMI, overweight and obesity, and investigated interactions. Results We found independent associations between BMI-GRS and risk of overweight (RR = 1.34, 95% CI 1.23–1.47) and obesity (RR = 1.73, 95% CI 1.55–1.93), and between fast-food outlet exposure and risk of obesity (highest vs lowest quartile RR = 1.58, 95% CI 1.21–2.05). There was no evidence of an interaction of fast-food outlet exposure and genetic risk on BMI (P = 0.09), risk of overweight (P = 0.51), or risk of obesity (P = 0.27). The combination of higher BMI-GRS and highest fast-food outlet exposure was associated with 2.70 (95% CI 1.99–3.66) times greater risk of obesity. Conclusions Our study demonstrated independent associations of both genetic obesity risk and neighbourhood fast-food outlet exposure with adiposity. These important drivers of the obesity epidemic have to date been studied in isolation. Neighbourhood fast-food outlet exposure remains a potential target of policy intervention to prevent obesity and promote the public’s health.

scholarly journals Does neighborhood fast-food outlet exposure amplify inequalities in diet and obesity? A cross-sectional study

2016 ◽  
Vol 103 (6) ◽  
pp. 1540-1547 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Burgoine ◽  
Nita G Forouhi ◽  
Simon J Griffin ◽  
Søren Brage ◽  
Nicholas J Wareham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fast Food ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Food Outlet ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Fast Food Outlet

scholarly journals The interplay between fast-food outlet exposure, household food insecurity, and diet quality in disadvantaged districts

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Laura A. van der Velde ◽  
Femke M. P. Zitman ◽  
Joreintje D. Mackenbach ◽  
Mattijs E. Numans ◽  
Jessica C. Kiefte-de Jong
Keyword(s):  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Food Environment ◽  
Fast Food ◽  
Estimating Equation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Dietary Quality ◽  
Food Outlet ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Fast Food Outlet ◽  
Outlet Density

Abstract Objective The current study aimed to explore the interplay between food insecurity, fast-food outlet exposure, and dietary quality in disadvantaged neighbourhoods. Design In this cross-sectional study, main associations between fast-food outlet density and proximity, food insecurity status and dietary quality were assessed using Generalized Estimating Equation analyses. We assessed potential moderation by fast-food outlet exposure in the association between food insecurity status and dietary quality by testing for effect modification between food insecurity status and fast-food outlet density and proximity. Setting A deprived urban area in the Netherlands. Participants We included 226 adult participants with at least one child below the age of 18 years living at home. Results Fast-food outlet exposure was not associated with experiencing food insecurity (fast-food outlet density: b=-0.026, 95%CI=-0.076; 0.024; fast-food outlet proximity: b=-0.003, 95%CI=-0.033; 0.026). Experiencing food insecurity was associated with lower dietary quality (b=-0.48 per unit increase, 95%CI=-0.94; -0.012). This association was moderated by fast-food outlet proximity (p-interaction=0.008), and stratified results revealed that the adverse effect of food insecurity on dietary quality was more pronounced for those with the nearest fast-food outlet located closer to the home. Conclusions Food insecurity but not fast-food outlet density is associated with dietary quality. However, the association between food insecurity and dietary quality may be modified by the food environment. These findings could inform policy-makers to promote a healthier food environment including less fast-food outlets, with particular emphasis on areas with high percentages of food insecure households.

scholarly journals Association between fast-food outlet exposure and Body Mass Index in 124,286 Lifelines participants

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (Supplement_4) ◽  
Author(s):  
C L van Erpecum ◽  
S K R van Zon ◽  
U Bültmann ◽  
N Smidt
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Fast Food ◽  
Caloric Intake ◽  
Food Outlet ◽  
Fast Food Outlet ◽  
Food Outlets ◽  
Daily Caloric Intake ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas

Abstract Background Elevated Body Mass Index (BMI) is a key risk factor for numerous non-communicable diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases, cancer, diabetes type II and dementia. Previous studies showed associations between fast-food outlet exposure and BMI, but contained methodological shortcomings. Particularly within the Netherlands, evidence is scarce. We aimed to examine the association between fast-food outlet exposure and BMI among the Dutch adult general population, and whether this association was mediated by daily caloric intake. Methods Cross-sectionally linking baseline adult data (N = 124,286) from the Lifelines cohort to fast-food outlet location (LISA: employer register) data, we regressed fast-food outlet density (within distances of 500 metre(m), and 1, 3, and 5 kilometre (km)) and fast-food outlet proximity around participants’ residential address on BMI. We used multilevel regression and multilevel mediation models, adjusting for age, sex, partner status, education, employment, neighbourhood deprivation and neighbourhood address density. We stratified analyses for urban and rural areas, as these involve different living environments and study populations. Results More than half (56%) of participants was overweight (BMI ≥ 25.0). The average BMI in urban and rural areas was 25.9 (SD 4.4) and 26.3 (SD 4.3), respectively. In rural areas, having at least three fast-food outlets within 500 m was associated with higher BMI (B = 0.17, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.06, 0.28). In urban areas, having at least five fast-food outlets within 1 km was associated with higher BMI (B = 0.42, 95% CI: 0.20, 0.63). Having the nearest fast-food outlet within 100m was associated with higher BMI (B = 0.43, 95% CI: 0.19, 0.67). The associations were partly explained by daily caloric intake. Conclusions Fast-food outlet exposure may be an important environmental determinant of BMI. Policy-makers should consider intervening upon the fast-food environment. Key messages Fast-food outlets within 500 metres in rural areas and 1 kilometre in urban areas may play a fundamental role in the rise of BMI. Targeting fast-food outlets may be key to reduce BMI on a population level.

scholarly journals Fast-food intake and perceived and objective measures of the local fast-food environment in adolescents

2015 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 446-455 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chalida Svastisalee ◽  
Trine Pagh Pedersen ◽  
Jasper Schipperijn ◽  
Sanne Ellegaard Jørgensen ◽  
Bjørn E Holstein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Fast Food ◽  
Health Planning ◽  
Health Behaviours ◽  
Food Outlet ◽  
Fast Food Outlet ◽  
School Aged Children ◽  
Food Outlets ◽  
Low Income Families

AbstractObjectiveWe examined associations between fast-food intake and perceived and objective fast-food outlet exposure.DesignInformation from the Health Behaviours in School-aged Children Study was linked to fast-food outlets in seventy-five school neighbourhoods. We used multivariate multilevel logistic regression analyses to examine associations between at least weekly fast-food intake and perceived and objective fast-food outlet measures.SubjectsData represent 4642 adolescents (aged 11–15 years) in Denmark.ResultsBoys reporting two or more fast-food outlets had 34 % higher odds consuming fast food at least weekly. We detected higher odds of at least weekly fast-food intake among 15-year-old 9th graders (ORall=1·74; 95 % CI 1·40, 2·18; ORboys=2·20; 95 % CI 1·66, 2·91; ORgirls=1·41; 95 % CI 1·03, 1·92), Danish speakers (ORall=2·32; 95 % CI 1·68, 3·19; ORboys=2·58; 95 % CI 1·69, 3·93; ORgirls=2·37; 95 % CI 1·46, 3·84) and those travelling 15 min or less to school (ORall=1·21; 95 % CI 1·00, 1·46; ORgirls=1·44; 95 % CI 1·08, 1·93) compared with 11-year-old 5th graders, non-Danish speakers and those with longer travel times. Boys from middle- (OR=1·28; 95 % CI 1·00, 1·65) and girls from low-income families (OR=1·46; 95 % CI 1·05, 2·04) had higher odds of at least weekly fast-food intake compared with those from high-income backgrounds. Girls attending schools with canteens (OR=1·47; 95 % CI 1·00, 2·15) had higher odds of at least weekly fast-food intake than girls at schools without canteens.ConclusionsThe present study demonstrates that perceived food outlets may impact fast-food intake in boys while proximity impacts intake in girls. Public health planning could target food environments that emphasize a better understanding of how adolescents use local resources.

scholarly journals Fast food intake among adolescents and measures of fast food outlet exposure: cross-sectional study in Denmark

2014 ◽  
Vol 24 (suppl_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
C Svastisalee ◽  
J Schipperijn ◽  
S Ellegaard Jørgensen ◽  
T Pagh Pedersen ◽  
R Krølner
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Fast Food ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Food Outlet ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Fast Food Outlet

scholarly journals “More Than Buying Extra Fruits and Veggies, Please Hide the Fats and Sugars”: Children’s Diet Latent Profiles and Family-Related Factors

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 2403
Author(s):  
Beatriz Pereira ◽  
Cátia Silva ◽  
José Carlos Núñez ◽  
Pedro Rosário ◽  
Paula Magalhães
Keyword(s):  
Food Consumption ◽  
Fast Food ◽  
Latent Profile Analysis ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Profile Analysis ◽  
Healthy Diet ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Relevant Role ◽  
Unhealthy Diet

Promoting children’s healthy diets is a key public health priority. Family can play a relevant role in children’s eating patterns. The goals of the current research were to identify different latent diet profiles in children based on their food consumption and to assess the relationship between profiles and family-related factors. A total of 678 school-aged children from the fifth and sixth grades participated. The study design was cross-sectional and questionnaire based. Research assessed healthy (fruit and vegetables) and unhealthy (fast food, sugar-sweetened beverages, and candies) food consumption and family-related factors. A latent profile analysis and multivariate data analysis were developed. Four diet profiles were identified: Combined Diet, Mainly Healthy Diet, Mainly Unhealthy Diet, and Very Unhealthy Diet. Nearly half of the children (45.22%) showed a Combined Diet profile, meaning that they reported eating nearly the same amount of healthy and unhealthy types of foods. Associations between the diet profiles, family income, and food availability were found. For example, the Mainly Healthy Diet profile was statistically associated with a higher family income and less access to unhealthy foods. The present study reinforces the idea that profiling diets can allow for a tailored healthy eating intervention model according to the specific needs of each diet profile.

scholarly journals Associations between major chain fast-food outlet availability and change in body mass index: a longitudinal observational study of women from Victoria, Australia

BMJ Open ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. e016594 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen E Lamb ◽  
Lukar E Thornton ◽  
Dana Lee Olstad ◽  
Ester Cerin ◽  
Kylie Ball
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Fast Food ◽  
Multilevel Models ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Food Outlet ◽  
Fast Food Outlet ◽  
Food Outlets ◽  
Victorian Women ◽  
Disadvantaged Neighbourhoods

ObjectivesThe residential neighbourhood fast-food environment has the potential to lead to increased levels of obesity by providing opportunities for residents to consume energy-dense products. This longitudinal study aimed to examine whether change in body mass index (BMI) differed dependent on major chain fast-food outlet availability among women residing in disadvantaged neighbourhoods.SettingEighty disadvantaged neighbourhoods in Victoria, Australia.ParticipantsSample of 882 women aged 18–46 years at baseline (wave I: 2007/2008) who remained at the same residential location at all three waves (wave II: 2010/2011; wave III: 2012/2013) of the Resilience for Eating and Activity Despite Inequality study.Primary outcomeBMI based on self-reported height and weight at each wave.ResultsThere was no evidence of an interaction between time and the number of major chain fast-food outlets within 2 (p=0.88), 3 (p=0.66) or 5 km (p=0.24) in the multilevel models of BMI. Furthermore, there was no evidence of an interaction between time and change in availability at any distance and BMI.ConclusionsChange in BMI was not found to differ by residential major chain fast-food outlet availability among Victorian women residing in disadvantaged neighbourhoods. It may be that exposure to fast-food outlets around other locations regularly visited influence change in BMI. Future research needs to consider what environments are the key sources for accessing and consuming fast food and how these relate to BMI and obesity risk.

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