scholarly journals Dietary intake and gallbladder disease: a review

1999 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marilyn Tseng ◽  
James E Everhart ◽  
Robert S Sandler
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Gallbladder Disease ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Convincing Evidence ◽  
Dietary Factors ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Dietary Recommendations ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Reduce Risk

AbstractObjectiveDietary intake has long been looked upon as a potentially modifiable risk factor for gallbladder disease (GBD), here defined as either having gallstones or having had surgery for gallstones. This paper reviews the epidemiological evidence for an association between dietary intake and GBD, focusing on six dietary factors that have received the most attention in studies in this area: energy intake, fatty acids, cholesterol, carbohydrates and fibre, calcium and alcohol. The objectives of this review are to evaluate the potential usefulness of altering the diet to prevent GBD and to consider future research in this area.DesignWe reviewed all English-language epidemiological studies on diet and cholelithiasis that were cross-sectional, cohort or case–control in design and that were indexed in the Medline database from 1966 to October 1997.ResultsA positive association was suggested with simple sugars and inverse associations with dietary fibre and alcohol. No convincing evidence was found for a role for energy intake or intake of fat or cholesterol. Variable means of ascertaining cases and inaccurate measurement of dietary intake may contribute to variation in results across studies.ConclusionsSome specific components of the diet that may affect GBD include simple sugars, fibre and alcohol, but whether risk for GBD can be reduced by altering intake of a specific dietary factor has not been established. Although no specific dietary recommendations can be made to reduce risk of GBDper se, a ‘healthy’ diet aimed at reducing risk of other diseases might be expected to reduce risk for GBD as well.

scholarly journals Relationship between sleep duration and dietary intake in 4- to 14-year-old Danish children

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camilla Hoppe ◽  
Berit W. Rothausen ◽  
Anja Biltoft-Jensen ◽  
Jeppe Matthiessen ◽  
Margit V. Groth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Negative Association ◽  
Short Sleep Duration ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Healthy Eating Habits

AbstractA negative association between sleep duration and BMI has been observed in children. However, knowledge about the association between sleep duration and diet is limited. The objective was to examine the association between sleep duration and intake of foods and nutrients in children. In the present cross-sectional study, dietary intake and sleep duration were recorded by the parents for seven consecutive days in a food and sleep record in a representative sample of 802 4- to 14-year-old children. No sex differences were found regarding age and sleep duration. Sleep duration was negatively correlated to age (ρ = –0·68; P < 0·001) and BMI (ρ = –0·41; P < 0·001). In multiple linear regression analyses, sleep duration was not associated with energy intake (b = –0·015; P = 0·20), but there was a trend towards a positive association with intake of dietary fibre (b = 0·006; P = 0·05) and vegetables (b = 0·011; P = 0·05), and a negative association with intake of poultry (b = –0·002; P = 0·02), and a trend towards a negative association with intake of liquid ‘discretionary calories’ (b = –0·01; P = 0·05). Furthermore, in a comparison of dietary intake between age-dependent tertiles of sleep duration, only intake of liquid ‘discretionary calories’ was significantly lower in long sleepers than in short and medium sleepers (P = 0·03). In conclusion, sleep duration was not associated with energy intake and the proposal that children with short sleep duration have less healthy eating habits than children with longer sleep duration was only weakly supported by the present findings.

Association between dietary inflammatory index and cardiometabolic risk factors among Brazilian adolescents: results from a national cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-24
Author(s):  
Pâmela Ferreira Todendi ◽  
Rafaela Salla ◽  
Nitin Shivappa ◽  
James R. Hebert ◽  
Julianna Ritter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Dietary Factors ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Dietary Inflammatory Index ◽  
Cardiovascular Risks ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Inflammatory Index

Abstract Dietary factors play a role in modulating chronic inflammation and in the development of cardiovascular disease. We aimed to investigate the association between the dietary inflammatory index (DII) and cardiometabolic risk factors among adolescents.A total of 31,684 Brazilian adolescents (12–17 years), from the Study of Cardiovascular Risks in Adolescents (ERICA) were included. Dietary intake was assessed using a 24-hour dietary recall. The E-DII (energy-adjusted)score was calculated based on data for 25available nutrients. The anthropometric profile, blood pressure, lipid profile, glucose, Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR), and glycated hemoglobin were measured. Poisson regression models were used to examine the associations between sex-specific quartiles of the E-DII and cardiometabolic risk factors. In the energy-adjusted models, when comparing a high pro-inflammatory diet (quartile 4) withananti-inflammatory diet (quartile 1), there was a positive association with high HOMA-IR among boys(prevalence ratios (PR)Q4=1.37, 95%CI: 1.04–1.79); and with high fasting glucose (PRQ4 = 1.96, 95%CI: 1.02–3.78), high triglycerides (PRQ4 = 1.92, 95%CI: 1.06–3.46),low HDL-c (PRQ4 = 1.16, 95%CI: 1.02–1.32) and high LDL-c (PRQ4 = 1.93, 95%CI: 1.12–3.33) among girls. Additionally, a moderately pro-inflammatory diet was positively associated with high HOMA-IR (PRQ2 = 1.14, 95%CI: 1.02–1.29) among girls, and high total cholesterol (PRQ3 = 1.56, 95%CI: 1.20–2.01) among boys.In conclusion, this study provides new evidence on the association between inflammatory diets with cardiometabolic risk factors among adolescents.

scholarly journals The outcomes of gaining digital skills for young people’s lives and wellbeing: A systematic evidence review

2021 ◽  
pp. 146144482110431
Author(s):  
Sonia Livingstone ◽  
Giovanna Mascheroni ◽  
Mariya Stoilova
Keyword(s):  
Survey Methods ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Positive Outcomes ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Digital Skills ◽  
Evidence Review ◽  
Information Skills ◽  
Research And Policy

Research and policy have invested in the prospect that gaining digital skills enhances children’s and young people’s outcomes. A systematic evidence review of research on digital skills among 12- to 17-year-olds identified 34 studies that used cross-sectional survey methods to examine the association of digital skills with tangible outcomes. Two-thirds concerned the association with online opportunities or other benefits. Another third examined online risks of harm. Findings showed a positive association between digital skills and online opportunities, information benefits, and orientation to technology. Greater digital skills were indirectly linked to greater exposure to online risks, although any link to harm was unclear. While technical skills were linked with mixed or even negative outcomes, information skills were linked with positive outcomes. There was little research on the outcomes of communication or creative digital skills. Future research should examine the dimensions of digital skills separately and encompass a wider range of outcomes.

scholarly journals Associations of ADIPOQ and LEP Gene Variants with Energy Intake: A Systematic Review

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 750
Author(s):  
Caroline Kroll ◽  
Silmara Mastroeni ◽  
Paul Veugelers ◽  
Marco Mastroeni
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Bibliographic Databases ◽  
Gene Variants ◽  
Case Control Studies ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Adipoq Gene ◽  
Lep Gene

This systematic review aims to evaluate the association of adiponectin (ADIPOQ) and leptin (LEP) gene variants with energy intake. Cross-sectional, cohort, and case–control studies that reported an association of leptin and/or adiponectin gene variants with energy intake were included in this review. Human studies without any age restrictions were considered eligible. Detailed individual search strategies were developed for each of the following bibliographic databases: Cochrane, Latin American and Caribbean Center on Health Sciences Information (LILACS), PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, and Web of Science. Risk of bias assessment was adapted from the Downs and Black scale and was used to evaluate the methodology of the included studies. Seven studies with a pooled population of 2343 subjects were included. The LEP and ADIPOQ gene variants studied were LEP-rs2167270 (k = 1), LEP-rs7799039 (k = 5), ADIPOQ-rs2241766 (k = 2), ADIPOQ-rs17300539 (k = 1), and ADIPOQ marker D3S1262 (k = 1). Two of the seven studies reviewed demonstrated a positive association between the LEP-rs7799039 polymorphism and energy intake. Two other studies—one involving a marker of the ADIPOQ gene and one examining the ADIPOQ-rs17300539 polymorphism—also reported associations with energy intake. More research is needed to further elucidate the contributions of genetic variants to energy metabolism.

scholarly journals DELETERIOUS FUNCTIONAL IMPACT OF ANEMIA ON ADOLESCENTS: A SURVEY STUDY

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 150
Author(s):  
Karthiga Devi ◽  
Jothi Priya
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Work Capacity ◽  
General Information ◽  
Dietary Factors ◽  
Physical Growth ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Physical Work ◽  
Physical Work Capacity ◽  
Cross Sectional

ABSTRACTObjective: To access the physical work capacity and cognition of underprivileged anemic adolescent, hemoglobin (Hb) of subjects was assessed forthe adolescence under 17-20 years of age by undergoing survey.Methods: This is a cross-sectional study, conducted in students of 1st year of Saveetha Dental College. The general information about age, Hb level(Sahli’s method), knowledge about anemia, status of menstruation, and regarding the consumption of various diet factors were recorded on astructured questionnaire. Due to feasibility and cost effectiveness, Hb estimation was done by Sahli’s hemoglobinometer.Results: Our study proved that now a days adolescence is not much more prone to anemia. And mostly 40% of adolescence were having mild anemia.This mild anemia can be improved by dietary intake and bioavailability of iron, nutritional supplementation of iron and folic acid (IFA) tablets, andfortification of edible dietary items with iron. This difference was statistically significant (Chi-square value 4.848, p<0.001).Conclusion: The study was mainly done for adolescence awareness on anemia. Iron deficiency anemia occurs most frequently in adolescence becauseaccelerated physical growth both in boys and girls and menstruation and dieting for fear of obesity in female teenagers. The prevalence of anemianecessitates pragmatic intervention to improve the dietary intake, nutritional supplement of IFA tablets.Keywords: Adolescence, Dietary factors, Knowledge about anemia.

scholarly journals Dietary Intake/Patterns of Lactating Women from Northwest Mexico After an Individualized Dietary Intervention: A Pilot Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 1091-1091
Author(s):  
Larisa Trecierras-Rangel ◽  
Andrea Garcia-Padilla ◽  
José Valenzuela-Gutierrez ◽  
Ana Limon-Miro ◽  
Trinidad Quizan-Plata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Nutrient Intake ◽  
Dietary Intervention ◽  
Sodium Intake ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
National Research Council ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Lactating Women

Abstract Objectives To assess the changes of nutrient intake in overweight or obese breastfeeding women after an individualized nutritional intervention. Methods Randomized clinical controlled trial. After an informed consent was signed, breastfeeding women (2–8 weeks postpartum) were randomly assigned by simple allocation in blocks (1:1) to either the intervention (In) or control (Cn) group. These two groups received general recommendations on healthy eating during lactation; additionally, the intervention group received a dynamic macronutrient meal equivalent with interchangeable foods every 2 weeks for 3 months, and a caloric restriction if needed. Nutrient intake was evaluated before and after the intervention using 3 non-consecutive 24-hour recalls; questionnaires were applied 1.5 mo intervals. Mean nutrient intakes were compared between groups; additionally, women's intake was contrasted against dietary reference intakes. Results Out of 939 potential participants, 303 were eligible but only 30 agreed to participate, and twenty (n = 10/group) completed the program. At baseline no difference was found for energy intake (P &gt; 0.05). At end line, In group consumed −870 kcal than the Cn group. After adjusting for energy intake (1000 kcal), for macronutrient; proteins, lipids and carbohydrates do not differ between groups (P &gt; 0.05). The median intakes of fiber were higher on In group + 15.4 g (10.1–21.8) compared with Cn group + 9.1 (6.7–13.4) P = 0.02, and sodium intake was higher on Cn group + 379 mg; compared with In group −638 mg P = 0.01. A notable proportion of all women failed to meet the EAR for vitamin A, but had adequate intake of Iron, pyridoxin and thiamin. Conclusions Our results indicate that an individualized intervention in lactating women can improve the dietary intake of key nutrients. Future research should focus on assessing the adequacy of dietary recommendations for overweight/obese breastfeeding women and the mother/infant dyad. Funding Sources LTR, AGP, JCVG received a fellowship from the National Research Council in Mexico.

scholarly journals PARACETAMOL DISPENSING PRACTICE OF GOVERNMENT HEALTH CLINICS POST INFANTS’ VACCINATION IN MALAYSIA

2019 ◽  
pp. 33-39
Author(s):  
NURAIN SULEIMAN ◽  
SITI HADIJAH SHAMSUDIN ◽  
RAZMAN MOHD RUS ◽  
SAMSUL DRAMAN
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Total Period ◽  
Government Health ◽  
Health Clinics ◽  
Potential Risk Factors ◽  
Collection Form

Objective: This study obtained information on Paracetamol (PCM) Dispensing Practice of Government Health Clinics (GHC) post infants’ vaccination in Malaysia as well as identify its possible factors. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional retrospective study (with convenient sampling) using a data collection form (DCF) to collect data. The pharmacist who is the representative of the GHC filled the DCF. Potential risk factors were evaluated by Pearson chi-square tests (expected count<5 is<20%) for an independent sample. Results: A total number of 254 samples were collected all over Malaysia within the period of data collection, but only 248 that met inclusion criteria. The PCM dispensing practice of GHC in Malaysia for a total period of 3 y back (from 2015-2017), tend not to give PCM post immunization with respect to age of the upon vaccination and types of vaccination, conversely for gender. Trends of PCM dispensing practice were increasing for “Not Give PCM” with respect to gender, age of the baby upon vaccination, and types of vaccination from 2015 till 2017. The PCM dispensing practice had no association with no statistically significant value (p=0.804) on genders and a weak positive association with statistically significant value (p<0.05 each) on age of the baby (≤ 1year) upon vaccination and types of vaccination. Conclusion: Future research which may include the actual practice in which practices of prescribers or mother may be conducted in determining more accurate data on the giving PCM post infant’s vaccination.

scholarly journals Manganese Levels in Plant-based Diets May Exceed U.S. Dietary Recommendations-an Examination of the Ornish and DASH Diets (P24-011-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Teresa LeMoon
Keyword(s):  
Whole Grains ◽  
Dietary Factors ◽  
Nutrition Status ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Dietary Recommendations ◽  
Adequate Intake ◽  
Dash Diet ◽  
Funding Sources ◽  
Dietary Reference Intakes ◽  
Mn Content

Abstract Objectives Manganese (Mn) is a dietary mineral critical for life, yet high levels of Mn can lead to symptoms of toxicity. The Mn content in food varies considerably and is most concentrated in plant-based foods, whole grains, legumes, nuts, etc. The adult adequate intake (AI) for Mn is 1.8 mg/day for women and 2.3 mg/day for men while the tolerable upper intake level (UL) is 11 mg/day for men and women. Mn absorption and bioavailability of Mn is affected by an individual's nutrition status and dietary factors. When Fe status is low Fe absorption is enhanced, subsequently increasing Mn absorption as well. Increasing evidence in support of the heart health benefits of plant-based diets has led to a rise in medically prescribed modern diets such as the Ornish diet. By design, this and other plant-based diets have a higher propensity to include Mn-rich foods. It is hypothesized that the average Mn content of the plant-based, Ornish diet will be significantly higher than that of the omnivorous Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet. The objective of this research study is to assess the Mn levels in medically prescribed diets and compare them to current dietary standards. Methods The Mayo Clinic offers a three-day sample DASH diet menu (www.mayoclinic.org) and the Ornish diet has a three-day sample menu (www.ornish.com) complete with quantified ingredients available in the USDA National Nutrient Database. An assessment of the prescribed diets included quantifying Mn, iron (Fe), and energy (kcal). A trained researcher then manually downloaded and tabulated the nutrient profile for each ingredient. Daily values for kcal, Mn, and Fe were calculated and compared against each other and the Dietary Reference Intakes. Results The Ornish diet contained an average daily Mn content exceeding the UL, 11.5 mg/day, while the average daily Mn of the DASH diet was 7.5 mg/day. These values did not differ significantly (P = 0.125). Conclusions Both diets were significantly higher in Mn than the AI's and the Ornish diet demonstrated Mn levels higher than the UL and the DASH diet. This may indicate that people following a medically-prescribed, plant-based diet have an intake that exceeds the UL for Mn. Future research is needed to determine if the AI for Mn, which is based on typical consumption, is in need of an update, and if there are any risks or concerns for those following a plant-based diet. Funding Sources none.

scholarly journals Meeting UK dietary recommendations is associated with higher estimated consumer food costs: an analysis using the National Diet and Nutrition Survey and consumer expenditure data, 2008–2012

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 948-956 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas RV Jones ◽  
Tammy YN Tong ◽  
Pablo Monsivais
Keyword(s):  
Saturated Fat ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Primary Outcome Measure ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Consumer Expenditure ◽  
Dietary Recommendations ◽  
Nutrition Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Individual Level

AbstractObjectiveTo test whether diets achieving recommendations from the UK’s Scientific Advisory Committee on Nutrition (SACN) were associated with higher monetary costs in a nationally representative sample of UK adults.DesignA cross-sectional study linking 4 d diet diaries in the National Diet and Nutrition Survey (NDNS) to contemporaneous food price data from a market research firm. The monetary cost of diets was assessed in relation to whether or not they met eight food- and nutrient-based recommendations from SACN. Regression models adjusted for potential confounding factors. The primary outcome measure was individual dietary cost per day and per 2000 kcal (8368 kJ).SettingUK.SubjectsAdults (n 2045) sampled between 2008 and 2012 in the NDNS.ResultsOn an isoenergetic basis, diets that met the recommendations for fruit and vegetables, oily fish, non-milk extrinsic sugars, fat, saturated fat and salt were estimated to be between 3 and 17 % more expensive. Diets meeting the recommendation for red and processed meats were 4 % less expensive, while meeting the recommendation for fibre was cost-neutral. Meeting multiple targets was also associated with higher costs; on average, diets meeting six or more SACN recommendations were estimated to be 29 % more costly than isoenergetic diets that met no recommendations.ConclusionsFood costs may be a population-level barrier limiting the adoption of dietary recommendations in the UK. Future research should focus on identifying systems- and individual-level strategies to enable consumers achieve dietary recommendations without increasing food costs. Such strategies may improve the uptake of healthy eating in the population.

scholarly journals Ultra-processed foods and added sugars in the Chilean diet (2010)

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gustavo Cediel ◽  
Marcela Reyes ◽  
Maria Laura da Costa Louzada ◽  
Euridice Martinez Steele ◽  
Carlos A Monteiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Total Energy ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Total Energy Intake ◽  
Processed Foods ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Dietary Recommendations ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Added Sugars ◽  
Percentage Point Increase ◽  
Point Increase

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the consumption of ultra-processed foods and analyse its association with the content of added sugars in the Chilean diet.DesignCross-sectional study of national dietary data obtained through 24 h recalls and classified into food groups according to the extent and purpose of food processing (NOVA classification).SettingChile.SubjectsA probabilistic sample of 4920 individuals (aged 2 years or above) studied in 2010 by a national dietary survey (Encuesta Nacional de Consumo Alimentario).ResultsUltra-processed foods represented 28·6 (se 0·5) % of total energy intake and 58·6 (se 0·9) % of added sugars intake. The mean percentage of energy from added sugars increased from 7·7 (se 0·3) to 19·7 (se 0·5) % across quintiles of the dietary share of ultra-processed foods. After adjusting for several potential sociodemographic confounders, a 5 percentage point increase in the dietary share of ultra-processed foods determined a 1 percentage point increase in the dietary content of added sugars. Individuals in the highest quintile were three times more likely (OR=2·9; 95 % CI 2·4, 3·4) to exceed the 10 % upper limit for added sugars recommended by the WHO compared with those in the lowest quintile, after adjusting for sociodemographic variables. This association was strongest among individuals aged 2–19 years (OR=3·9; 95 % CI 2·7, 5·9).ConclusionsIn Chile, ultra-processed foods are important contributors to total energy intake and to the consumption of added sugars. Actions aimed at limiting consumption of ultra-processed foods are being implemented as effective ways to achieve WHO dietary recommendations to limit added sugars and processed foods, especially for children and adolescents.

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