Unusual Cytoplasmic Inclusion Bodies in Medullary Carcinoma of the Thyroid

1980 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 460-461
Author(s):  
K. Kakudo ◽  
B. O. Spurlock ◽  
A. Miyauchi ◽  
K. Kuma ◽  
K. Shimaoka
Keyword(s):  
Unusual Case ◽  
Secretory Granules ◽  
Cytoplasmic Inclusion ◽  
Medullary Carcinoma ◽  
Cytoplasmic Organelle ◽  
Cytoplasmic Inclusions ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Tumor Tissues ◽  
Cytoplasmic Inclusion Bodies ◽  
Ultrastructural Characteristics

Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma(MTC) was first described by Hazard et al. and it is known to be C-cell origin and one of the members of APUDomas. Recently we have studied ultrastructural characteristics of 17 cases of MTC and this report describesultrastructural features of an unusual case in which 4 types of cytoplasmic inclusions other than typical secretory granules and ordinary cytoplasmic organelle were observed. The clinical and histologic features of this case were typical of the MTC and the patient was treated with Co radiation 90 days prior to the surgery. Small pieces of the tumor tissues(lymph node metastasis) obtained from 43 year-old male patient at total thyroidectomy and left modified neck disection were prepared for transmission electron microscopy by standard methods.

scholarly journals Peste Des Petits Ruminants Virus and Goatpox Virus Co-Infection in Goats

2020 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 550-553
Author(s):  
Olatunde Babatunde Akanbi ◽  
Kati Franzke ◽  
Adeyinka Jeremy Adedeji ◽  
Reiner Ulrich ◽  
Jens Peter Teifke
Keyword(s):  
Small Ruminants ◽  
Cytoplasmic Inclusion ◽  
Economic Consequences ◽  
Peste Des Petits Ruminants ◽  
Cytoplasmic Inclusions ◽  
Goatpox Virus ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Cytoplasmic Inclusion Bodies ◽  
Red Sokoto Goat ◽  
First Time

Infection of small ruminants with peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV) and goatpox virus (GTPV) are endemic and can have devastating economic consequences in Asia and Africa. Co-infection with these viruses have recently been reported in goats and sheep in Nigeria. In this study, we evaluated samples from the lips of a red Sokoto goat, and describe co-infection of keratinocytes with PPRV and GTPV using histopathology and transmission electron microscopy. Eosinophilic cytoplasmic inclusion bodies were identified histologically, and ultrastructural analysis revealed numerous large cytoplasmic viral factories containing poxvirus particles and varying sizes of smaller cytoplasmic inclusions composed of PPRV nucleocapsids. These histopathological and ultrastructural findings show concurrent infection with the 2 viruses for the first time as well as the detection of PPRV particles in epithelial cells of the mucocutaneous junction of the lip.

Abstract 4: Macrophage p62/SQSTM1 Ameliorates Atherosclerosis by Sequestering Inclusion Bodies and Mediating Mitophagy

2015 ◽  
Vol 35 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ismail Sergin ◽  
Somashubhra Bhattacharya ◽  
Carl J Stokes ◽  
John A Curci ◽  
Babak Razani
Keyword(s):  
Inclusion Bodies ◽  
Cytoplasmic Inclusion ◽  
Protein Aggregates ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Plaque Burden ◽  
Protein Accumulation ◽  
Inflammasome Activation ◽  
Cytoplasmic Inclusions ◽  
Cytoplasmic Inclusion Bodies

Protein and organelle turnover is critical for cellular homeostasis and is prominently mediated by autophagy. Disruptions in autophagy lead to accumulation of protein aggregates and dysfunctional organelles such as mitochondria. Recent evidence suggests that the chaperone protein p62 is a critical link for targeting polyubiquitinated protein aggregates/damaged mitochondria to autophagosomes for degradation. Herein we describe a p62-centric mechanism of handling protein aggregates and dysfunctional mitochondria in atherosclerosis. Macrophages deficient in autophagy (ATG5-/-) or rendered deficient by incubation with atherogenic lipids have significantly increased levels of p62. This coincides with 1) the accumulation of polyubiquitinated proteins co-localizing with p62 and present as cytoplasmic inclusion bodies, and 2) p62 co-localization with mitochondrial markers. Aortas from atherosclerotic (ApoE-/-) mice also have progressive and marked elevations in p62, polyubiquitinated proteins, and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species that predominantly co-localize with plaque macrophages, a process further exacerbated in the autophagy-deficient setting. The formation of cytoplasmic inclusions and maintenance of adequate mitochondrial function appears to be dependent on p62. Lipid-loaded p62-null macrophages show polyubiquitinated protein accumulation present in a diffuse/disrupted cytoplasmic pattern. These macrophages also develop larger dysmorphic mitochondria with increased polarization and decreased oxidative phosphorylation capacity. As a result, p62-null macrophages display apoptotic susceptibility to atherogenic lipids and increased IL-1β secretion likely through mitochondrial-dependent inflammasome activation. Consistent with our in vitro observations, mice with either whole-body p62-deficiency or transplanted with p62-deficient bone marrow show significantly increased atherosclerotic plaque burden and lesion complexity with increased apoptosis and necrotic cores. Taken together, these data demonstrate a previously unrecognized atheroprotective role for macrophage p62 by facilitating the formation of inclusion bodies and maintaining healthy mitochondria.

scholarly journals Morphogenesis of Light and Electron Microscopic Lesions in Porcine GM2-Gangliosidosis

1979 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. D. Kosanke ◽  
K. R. Pierce ◽  
W. K. Read
Keyword(s):  
Glial Cells ◽  
Inclusion Bodies ◽  
Cytoplasmic Inclusion ◽  
Particulate Material ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Cytoplasmic Body ◽  
Cytoplasmic Inclusions ◽  
Neuronal Inclusions ◽  
Cytoplasmic Inclusion Bodies ◽  
Cytoplasmic Structures

The neurons and glial cells of 1- to 140-day-old pigs with GM2-gangliosidosis had membranous cytoplasmic inclusion bodies. These bodies appeared as small vacuolated cytoplasmic structures in paraffin-embedded, hematoxylin and eosin-stained sections and as solid, dark, round granules in 1-micrometer sections embedded in plastic and stained with toluidine blue. Ultrastructurally, the cytoplasmic inclusion bodies appeared as round, dense structures from 0.6 to 1.2 micrometers in diameter, that were filled with various amounts of small to large arrays of membranous lamellae. The cortical neuronal inclusions were seen initially as lysosomes containing a small amount of particulate material. The appearance of these inclusions changed as they progressed through different configurational stages. Inclusions resembled the granulomembranous body, the zebra body, possibly other intermediate forms and, finally, the classical membranous cytoplasmic body. The cytoplasmic inclusions in glial cells resembled membranovesicular bodies and, although also of apparent lysosomal origin, were morphologically different from the neuronal inclusions. The morphologic lesions in the neurons and glial cells of the affected pigs were similar to those described for human gangliosidoses.

UNUSUAL CYTOPLASMIC INCLUSION BODIES IN MEDULLARY CARCINOMA OF THE THYROID GLAND

1982 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 319-326
Author(s):  
Kennichi Kakudo ◽  
Benjamin O. Spurlock ◽  
Akira Miyauchi ◽  
Kanji Kuma ◽  
Katsutaro Shimaoka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Inclusion Bodies ◽  
Cytoplasmic Inclusion ◽  
Medullary Carcinoma ◽  
Cytoplasmic Inclusion Bodies

scholarly journals Supplementary data on virus-like particles in the brainstem of Parkinson’s disease patients and controls

F1000Research ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 692
Author(s):  
Robert R. Dourmashkin ◽  
Peter Locker ◽  
Sherman A. McCall ◽  
Matthew J. Hannah
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Cytoplasmic Inclusion ◽  
Virus Like Particles ◽  
Virus Particles ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Cytoplasmic Inclusion Bodies ◽  
Autopsy Specimens ◽  
Negative Controls

In this study, we present 84 transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images of human brainstem tissue from 11 cases of late onset Parkinson’s disease (PD). The tissues were fixed, embedded, sectioned, and stained for TEM application. In addition, we present 14 images from autopsy specimens of 1 case of human poliomyelitis infection as positive controls and 14 images from 8 cases of autopsy specimens of other conditions as negative controls. In the TEM images of the PD cases there were cytoplasmic inclusion bodies consisting of virus-like particles (VLP) 30 nm in diameter that were associated with endoplasmic reticulum membranes.  In the nuclei of the PD neurons there were VLP ranging from 40 nm to 50 nm in diameter. In the poliomyelitis cases, similar particles as were observed in PD which were interpreted to be poliomyelitis virus particles. In the negative controls one case was identified which showed similar VLP (Figure 1, controls).  A Lewy body was found in this “control” case (Figure 10) suggesting that this was an undiagnosed case of PD. Cytoplasmic ribosomes measuring approximately 17 nm were observed in the control neurons.

Cytoplasmic Inclusion Bodies and Minimal Hepatitis: Fibrinogen Storage without Hypofibrinogenemia

2001 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 304-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daiki Abukawa ◽  
Yusaku Tazawa ◽  
Tomoyo Noro ◽  
Michiko Nakagawa ◽  
Kazuie Iinuma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inclusion Bodies ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Cytoplasmic Inclusion ◽  
Clotting Factors ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Eosinophilic Inclusion ◽  
Old Japanese ◽  
Cytoplasmic Inclusion Bodies

A 12-year-old Japanese boy had chronic elevation and fluctuation of serum transaminase levels since infancy, with no signs or symptoms of liver failure. Usual infections or metabolic disorders were eliminated from consideration. No coagulopathy or abnormality in plasma concentrations of clotting factors was found. Light microscopy of liver biopsy specimens obtained at ages 2,5, and 7 years showed slight hepatocyte disarray and minimal mononuclear-leukocyte lobular inflammation, with eosinophilic inclusion bodies in the cytoplasm of hepatocytes throughout the lobule. These bodies stained with the periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) technique; the PAS-positive material was partly diastase digestible and on immunostaining marked for fibrinogen but not for α1-antitrypsin. On transmission electron microscopy, the bodies were represented by finely granular material contained within membranes and were interpreted as tentatively endoplasmic reticulum. Fibrinogen storage may be manifest as minimal hepatitis without coagulopathy.

Ultrastructural comparison of prolactin adenomas of pituitary in men and women

1988 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 346-347
Author(s):  
R.C. Caughey ◽  
U.P. Kalyan-Raman
Keyword(s):  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Phosphate Buffer ◽  
Pituitary Adenomas ◽  
Osmium Tetroxide ◽  
Secretory Granules ◽  
Uranyl Acetate ◽  
En Bloc ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Transmission Electron

Prolactin producing pituitary adenomas are ultrastructurally characterized by secretory granules varying in size (150-300nm), abundance of endoplasmic reticulum, and misplaced exocytosis. They are also subclassified as sparsely or densely granulated according to the amount of granules present. The hormone levels in men and women vary, being higher in men; so also the symptoms vary between both sexes. In order to understand this variation, we studied 21 prolactin producing pituitary adenomas by transmission electron microscope. This was out of a total of 80 pituitary adenomas. There were 6 men and 15 women in this group of 21 prolactinomas.All of the pituitary adenomas were fixed in 2.5% glutaraldehyde, rinsed in Millonig's phosphate buffer, and post fixed with 1% osmium tetroxide. They were then en bloc stained with 0.5% uranyl acetate, rinsed with Walpole's non-phosphate buffer, dehydrated with graded series of ethanols and embedded with Epon 812 epoxy resin.

The Ultrastructure of Lymphocytic Hypophysitis

1981 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
pp. 466-467
Author(s):  
S.L. Asa ◽  
K. Kovacs ◽  
J. M. Bilbao ◽  
R. G. Josse ◽  
K. Kreines
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Plasma Cells ◽  
Secretory Granules ◽  
Sella Turcica ◽  
Uranyl Acetate ◽  
Lymphocytic Hypophysitis ◽  
Pituitary Cells ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Ultrathin Sections ◽  
Mass Lesions

Seven cases of lymphocytic hypophysitis in women have been reported previously in association with various degrees of hypopituitarism. We report two pregnant patients who presented with mass lesions of the sella turcica, clinically mimicking pituitary adenoma. However, pathologic examination revealed extensive infiltration of the anterior pituitary by lymphocytes and plasma cells with destruction of the gland. To our knowledge, the ultrastructural features of lymphocytic hypophysitis have not been studied so far.For transmission electron microscopy, tissue from surgical specimens was fixed in glutaraldehyde, postfixed in OsO4, dehydrated and embedded in epoxy-resin. Ultrathin sections were stained with uranyl acetate and lead citrate and examined with a Philips 300 electron microscope.Electron microscopy revealed adenohypophysial cells of all types exhibiting varying degrees of injury. In the areas of most dense inflammatory cell infiltration pituitary cells contained large lysosomal bodies fusing with secretory granules (Fig. 1), as well as increased numbers of swollen mitochondria, indicating oncocytic transformation (Fig. 2).

Ultrastructural studies of the relationship between actin filaments and secretory granules

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 458-459
Author(s):  
Ellen Holm Nielsen
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Colloidal Gold ◽  
Actin Filaments ◽  
Secretory Granules ◽  
Secretory Cells ◽  
Ultrastructural Studies ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Granule Membrane ◽  
Ultrathin Sections ◽  
Lowicryl K4m

In secretory cells a dense and complex network of actin filaments is seen in the subplasmalemmal space attached to the cell membrane. During exocytosis this network is undergoing a rearrangement facilitating access of granules to plasma membrane in order that fusion of the membranes can take place. A filamentous network related to secretory granules has been reported, but its structural organization and composition have not been examined, although this network may be important for exocytosis.Samples of peritoneal mast cells were frozen at -70°C and thawed at 4°C in order to rupture the cells in such a gentle way that the granule membrane is still intact. Unruptured and ruptured cells were fixed in 2% paraformaldehyde and 0.075% glutaraldehyde, dehydrated in ethanol. For TEM (transmission electron microscopy) cells were embedded in Lowicryl K4M at -35°C and for SEM (scanning electron microscopy) they were placed on copper blocks, critical point dried and coated. For immunoelectron microscopy ultrathin sections were incubated with monoclonal anti-actin and colloidal gold labelled IgM. Ruptured cells were also placed on cover glasses, prefixed, and incubated with anti-actin and colloidal gold labelled IgM.

Ultrastructural Classification of Pituary Adenomas

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 258-258
Author(s):  
S. Arumugam ◽  
Sarasa Bharati Arumugam
Keyword(s):  
Cytoplasmic Organelle ◽  
Null Cell ◽  
Cell Adenoma ◽  
Mixed Cell ◽  
Light Microscope Level ◽  
Null Cell Adenoma ◽  
Growth Hormone Cell ◽  
Ultrastructural Characteristics ◽  
Organelle Morphology

Adenoaas of the pituitary are no longer classified based on their tinctorial affinity to dyes. With the advent of the newer methods of sophisticated technology, it is now possible to classify. These depending upon the type of hormone secreted based either on histochemical techniques or on ultrastructural characteristics. The latter provides an insight into the cytoplasmic organelle morphology which offers a delightful feast to the eye as well.This paper presents the ultrastructural characters of the pituitary adenoma as seen in Madras. 171 adenomas (124 males and 47 females) were seen during 1972-1989, classified at the light microscope level as 159 chromophobe, 2 basophilic, 4 eosinophilic and 6 mixed adenomas.Ultrastructural examination showed that the sparsely granular prolactin cell adenoma is the commonest adenoma to be encountered closely followed by the growth hormone cell adenoma, null cell adenoma, the mixed cell adenoma and others.

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