Biological Aspects of the Tongue and Oropharyngeal Cavity of the Eurasian Collared Dove (Streptopelia decaocto, Columbiformes, Columbidae): Anatomical, Histochemical, and Ultrastructure Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Ahmed A. El-Mansi ◽  
Eman A. El-Bealy ◽  
Mohamed A. Al-Kahtani ◽  
Khalid A. Al-Zailaie ◽  
Ahmed M. Rady ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salivary Glands ◽  
Structural Variations ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Oropharyngeal Cavity ◽  
Dietary Niche ◽  
Anatomical Adaptations ◽  
Biological Aspects ◽  
Filiform Papillae ◽  
Microscopic Techniques ◽  
Laryngeal Mound

Abstract We characterized the morphological and anatomical adaptations of the lingual microstructures of the Eurasian collared dove and discussed their implications for its dietary niche. We analyzed tongues of nine S. decaocto using histological, histochemical, stereomicroscopic, and scanning electron microscopic techniques. Our findings showed that the tongue is relatively short with a tapered apex that carries a terminal lingual nail. However, the lingual body has median scales and is bordered laterally by filiform papillae. Further, the tongue body bears a distinctive papillary crest. The tongue root is nonpapillate and infiltered with orifices of the posterior salivary glands. The bulky laryngeal mound has a circular glottic fissure, carrying a single row of papillae at the rear edge. Concurrently, our histological and histochemical findings demonstrate that the tongue has taste buds, anterior and posterior salivary glands, along with an elongated entoglossum that extends from lingual apex to root. Besides, ovoid and globular mucous glands displayed intense alcianophilic reactions. More substantially, the palate is made up of three palatine ridges with a caudal choanal cleft that was bounded by two rows of palatine papillae. Our data indicate multiple and novel structural variations for the lingual and palatal sculptures coopted for their feeding style.

Polarity Determination in Sphalerite and Wurtzite Structures

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 500-501
Author(s):  
Stuart McKernan ◽  
C. Barry Carter
Keyword(s):  
Opposite Polarity ◽  
Single Domain ◽  
Polar Material ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Dynamical Interaction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Polarity Determination ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
Microscopic Techniques

The determination of the absolute polarity of a polar material is often crucial to the understanding of the defects which occur in such materials. Several methods exist by which this determination may be performed. In bulk, single-domain specimens, macroscopic techniques may be used, such as the different etching behavior, using the appropriate etchant, of surfaces with opposite polarity. X-ray measurements under conditions where Friedel’s law (which means that the intensity of reflections from planes of opposite polarity are indistinguishable) breaks down can also be used to determine the absolute polarity of bulk, single-domain specimens. On the microscopic scale, and particularly where antiphase boundaries (APBs), which separate regions of opposite polarity exist, electron microscopic techniques must be employed. Two techniques are commonly practised; the first [1], involves the dynamical interaction of hoLz lines which interfere constructively or destructively with the zero order reflection, depending on the crystal polarity. The crystal polarity can therefore be directly deduced from the relative intensity of these interactions.

Techniques For The Preparation of Tissue Samples Containing Injectable Polymer Microcapsules

1985 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. 710-711
Author(s):  
G.E. Visscher ◽  
R. L. Robison ◽  
G. J. Argentieri
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Drug Delivery Systems ◽  
Gastrocnemius Muscle ◽  
Degradation Process ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
Tissue Reaction ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Injectable Polymer ◽  
Microscopic Techniques

The use of various bioerodable polymers as drug delivery systems has gained considerable interest in recent years. Among some of the shapes used as delivery systems are films, rods and microcapsules. The work presented here will deal with the techniques we have utilized for the analysis of the tissue reaction to and actual biodegradation of injectable microcapsules. This work has utilized light microscopic (LM), transmission (TEM) and scanning (SEM) electron microscopic techniques. The design of our studies has utilized methodology that would; 1. best characterize the actual degradation process without artifacts introduced by fixation procedures and 2. allow for reproducible results.In our studies, the gastrocnemius muscle of the rat was chosen as the injection site. Prior to the injection of microcapsules the skin above the sites was shaved and tattooed for later recognition and recovery. 1.0 cc syringes were loaded with the desired quantity of microcapsules and the vehicle (0.5% hydroxypropylmethycellulose) drawn up. The syringes were agitated to suspend the microcapsules in the injection vehicle.

Ultrastructural Immunocytochemistry of Five Rat Pituitary Adenomas

1980 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 724-725
Author(s):  
D. J. McComb ◽  
N. Ryan ◽  
E. Horvath ◽  
K. Kovacs ◽  
E. Nagy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pituitary Adenomas ◽  
Pituitary Tumors ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Electron Microscopic Immunocytochemistry ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Rat Pituitary ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Group 5 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Microscopic Techniques

Conventional light and electron microscopic techniques failed to clarify the cellular composition and derivation of spontaneous and induced, intrasellar and transplanted pituitary adenomas in rats (1). In the present work, electron microscopic immunocytochemistry was applied to evaluate five adenohypo-physial tumors using a technique described by Moriarty and Garner (2). Spontaneously occurring pituitary adenomas (group 1) were harvested from aging female Long-Evans rats. R-Amsterdam rats were treated with 2 x 1.0 mg estrone acetate (HogivaI) s.c. weekly for 6 months. Pituitary adenomas in excess of 30 mg were removed from these animals to make up the tumors of group 2. Groups 3 and 4 consisted of estrogen-induced autonomous transplan¬ted pituitary tumors MtT.WlO and MtT.F4. Group 5 was a radiation-induced transplanted autonomous pituitary tumor MtT.W5. The tumors of groups 3,4 and 5 were allowed to proliferate in host rats 6-8 weeks prior to removal for processing. Tissue was processed for transmission electron microscopy (glutaraldehyde fixation, OsO4 postfixation and epoxy resin embedding), and electron microscopic immunocytochemistry (3% paraformaldehyde fixation and Araldite embedding).

scholarly journals Electron Microscopic Immunogold Localization of Salivary Mucins MG1 and MG2 in Human Submandibular and Sublingual Glands

2003 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Piludu ◽  
Sean A. Rayment ◽  
Bing Liu ◽  
Gwynneth D. Offner ◽  
Frank G. Oppenheim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salivary Glands ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Mucous Cells ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Thin Sections ◽  
Dense Cores ◽  
Duct Cells ◽  
Rabbit Igg ◽  
Lowicryl K4m

The human salivary mucins MG1 and MG2 are well characterized biochemically and functionally. However, there is disagreement regarding their cellular and glandular sources. The aim of this study was to define the localization and distribution of these two mucins in human salivary glands using a postembedding immunogold labeling method. Normal salivary glands obtained at surgery were fixed in 3% paraformaldehyde-0.1% glutaraldehyde and embedded in Lowicryl K4M or LR Gold resin. Thin sections were labeled with rabbit antibodies to MG1 or to an N-terminal synthetic peptide of MG2, followed by gold-labeled goat anti-rabbit IgG. The granules of all mucous cells of the submandibular and sublingual glands were intensely reactive with anti-MG1. No reaction was detected in serous cells. With anti-MG2, the granules of both mucous and serous cells showed reactivity. The labeling was variable in both cell types, with mucous cells exhibiting a stronger reaction in some glands and serous cells in others. In serous granules, the electron-lucent regions were more reactive than the dense cores. Intercalated duct cells near the acini displayed both MG1 and MG2 reactivity in their apical granules. In addition, the basal and lateral membranes of intercalated duct cells were labeled with anti-MG2. These results confirm those of earlier studies on MG1 localization in mucous cells and suggest that MG2 is produced by both mucous and serous cells. They also indicate differences in protein expression patterns among salivary serous cells.

Release and Recycling of the Readily Releasable Vesicle Population in a Synapse Possessing No Reserve Population

2007 ◽  
Vol 97 (6) ◽  
pp. 4048-4057 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. H. Koenig ◽  
Kazuo Ikeda
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Active Zone ◽  
Neuromuscular Junctions ◽  
Recycling Rate ◽  
Spontaneous Release ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Single Action ◽  
Active Zones ◽  
Evoked Activity ◽  
Microscopic Techniques

We previously demonstrated that the tergotrochanteral muscle (TTM) of Drosophila is innervated by unique synapses that possess a small readily releasable/recycling vesicle population (active zone population), but not the larger reserve vesicle population observed at other neuromuscular junctions in this animal. Using light and electron microscopic techniques and intracellular recording from the G1 muscle fiber of the TTM, the release and recycling characteristics of the readily releasable/recycling population were observed without any possible contribution from a reserve population. Our results indicate 1) the total number of vesicles in synapses presynaptic to the G1 fiber correlates with the total number of quanta that can be released onto this fiber; 2) the number of quanta released by a single action potential onto the G1 fiber is about one half the number of morphologically “docked” vesicles in active zones onto the G1, and this ratio decreases in a partially depleted state; 3) the recycling rate at 1-Hz stimulation, a frequency that does not cause any depression, is 0.24 recycled vesicle/active zone/s; and 4) normal-appearing spontaneous release occurs from the active zone vesicle population and, unlike synapses that possess a reserve population, the frequency of this release is reduced after high-frequency evoked activity.

Effect of Bonding Pressure on Transient Liquid Phase Bonding Joint Microstructure and Properties of T91/12Cr2MoWVTiB

2010 ◽  
Vol 97-101 ◽  
pp. 107-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Si Jie Chen ◽  
Si Jing Guo ◽  
Feng Liang
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Phase ◽  
Transient Liquid Phase ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
Isothermal Solidification ◽  
Transient Liquid Phase Bonding ◽  
Bonded Joints ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Bonding Pressure ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopic ◽  
Microscopic Techniques

T91/12Cr2MoWVTiB was bonded by transient liquid phase bonding process with different pressures, one commercial FeNiCrSiB was used as the interlayer. The microstructure and components distribution of the bonded joints were examined by optical microscope and scanning electron microscopic techniques. Furthermore, the properties of the joints were also tested. The results indicate that with the increase of the pressure – from 2 MPa to 6 MPa – the microstructures and mechanical properties were improved, and more similar to those base alloys. A theoretical study also revealed that the isothermal solidification complication time can be shorter, because the maximum liquid width was reduced with the existence of pressure.

Electron microscopic localization of 5?-nucleotidase in rat salivary glands

1986 ◽  
Vol 84 (3) ◽  
pp. 231-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Yamashina ◽  
O. Katsumata ◽  
I. Wada ◽  
K. Kato
Keyword(s):  
Salivary Glands ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Microscopic Localization ◽  
Rat Salivary Glands ◽  
Electron Microscopic Localization
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