Towards an integrated model of expertise in medical imaging – Part II Three dimensions of expert practice

2006 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jill Yielder
Keyword(s):  
Medical Imaging ◽  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Critical Incident ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
Integrated Model ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Professional Expertise ◽  
Working Together ◽  
Qualitative State ◽  
The Individual

The nature of professional expertise has been widely debated in the literature. However it has been examined primarily from a dichotomy of perspectives – either from an experiential or a cognitive focus, without the attempt to integrate these, and other aspects of expertise into an integrated and coherent model. This article series explicates the nature of professional expertise specifically in the field of medical imaging. It represents a section of the outcomes of a larger study which formulated and illustrated an integrated model of professional expertise also applicable to other professions. It has been written in two parts, Part I of which overviews the study and presents two of the five aspects of expertise identified. Part II presents the other three aspects.The study used data gathered from interviews and critical incident recording from expert medical imaging practitioners in Auckland, New Zealand, over an extended time frame.Findings showed that while expertise is situated in the context of practice, it incorporates several dimensions working together in an integrated, seamless fashion through the medium of the individual practitioner. The participants identified and illustrated that expertise in medical imaging is a synthesis of a particular knowledge base, the cognitive processes, personality and internal processes of the practitioner. It manifests through, and builds on, interpersonal relationships with patients and other professionals, and is expressed through the actual doing of professional practice. It is through the reflexive examination of practice and management of change that professionals may transform these integrated aspects into the qualitative state of expertise.

towards an integrated model of expertise in medical imaging – part i overview and two dimensions of expert practice

2005 ◽  
Vol 5 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 133-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
jill yielder
Keyword(s):  
Medical Imaging ◽  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Critical Incident ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
Integrated Model ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Professional Expertise ◽  
Working Together ◽  
Qualitative State ◽  
The Individual

the nature of professional expertise has been widely debated in the literature. however it has been examined primarily from a dichotomy of perspectives – either from an experiential or a cognitive focus, without the attempt to integrate these, and other aspects of expertise into an integrated and coherent model. this article series explicates the nature of professional expertise specifically in the field of medical imaging. it represents a section of the outcomes of a larger study which formulated and illustrated an integrated model of professional expertise also applicable to other professions. it has been written in two parts, part i of which overviews the study and presents two of the five aspects of expertise identified. part ii presents the other three aspects.the study used data gathered from interviews and critical incident recording from expert medical imaging practitioners in auckland, new zealand, over an extended time frame.findings showed that while expertise is situated in the context of practice, it incorporates several dimensions working together in an integrated, seamless fashion through the medium of the individual practitioner. the participants identified and illustrated that expertise in medical imaging is a synthesis of a particular knowledge base, the cognitive processes, personality and internal processes of the practitioner. it manifests through, and builds on, interpersonal relationships with patients and other professionals, and is expressed through the actual doing of professional practice. it is through the reflexive examination of practice and management of change that professionals may transform these integrated aspects into the qualitative state of expertise.

Working together online to enhance learner autonomy: Analysis of learners’ perceptions of their online learning experience

ReCALL ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jérôme Eneau ◽  
Christine Develotte
Keyword(s):  
Online Learning ◽  
Distance Learning ◽  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Learning Experience ◽  
The Body ◽  
Learning Collaborative ◽  
Online Learners ◽  
Social And Emotional ◽  
Learning Platform ◽  
Working Together

AbstractThis study concerns the development of autonomy in adult learners working on an online learning platform as part of a professional master's degree programme in “French as a Foreign Language”. Our goal was to identify the influence of reflective and collaborative dimensions on the construction of autonomy for online learners in this programme. The material used was 27 self-analysis papers in response to an assignment which asked students to review their distance learning experience (reflective dimension) and to highlight the role of others, if any, in their learning (collaborative dimension). In addition to these two major points, the analysis by category of the body of results shows principally that in qualitative terms, the factors of autonomisation for online learning are interconnected and include: the difficulties related to distance learning and the strategies that learners develop to face those difficulties, the importance of interpersonal relationships in social and emotional terms in overcoming those difficulties, the specific modes of sociability developed for distance learning and the related development of a new type of autonomy that is both individual and collective. The discussion examines the creation, over the course of time, of a new “distance learning culture” that is nonetheless never easy to create and share.

Interventions Promoting Educators’ Use of Data: Research Insights and Gaps

2012 ◽  
Vol 114 (11) ◽  
pp. 1-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie A. Marsh
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
System Level ◽  
Quality Of Data ◽  
Leverage Points ◽  
Knowledge To Action ◽  
Use Of Data ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Capacity Data

Background/Context In recent years, states, districts, schools, and external partners have recognized the need to proactively foster the use of data to guide educational decision-making and practice. Understanding that data alone will not guarantee use, individuals at all levels have invested in interventions to support better access to, interpretation of, and responses to data of all kinds. Despite the emergence of these efforts, there has been little systematic examination of research on such efforts. Purpose/Objective/Research Question/Focus of Study This article synthesizes what we currently know about interventions to support educators’ use of data—ranging from comprehensive, system-level initiatives, such as reforms sponsored by districts or intermediary organizations, to more narrowly focused interventions, such as a workshop. The article summarizes what is what is known across studies about the design and implementation of these interventions, their effects at the individual and organizational levels, and the conditions shown to affect implementation and outcomes. Research Design Literature review. Data Collection and Analysis This review entailed systematic searches of electronic databases and careful sorting to yield a total of 41 books, peer-reviewed journal articles, and reports. Summaries of each publication were coded to identify the study methods (design, framework, sample, time frame, data collection), intervention design (level of schooling, focal data and data user, leverage points, components), and findings on implementation, effects, and conditions. Findings/Results The review uncovers a host of common themes regarding implementation, including promising practices (e.g., making data “usable” and “safe,” targeting multiple leverage points) and persistent challenges (e.g., developing support that is generic but also customized, sustaining sufficient support). The review also finds mixed findings and levels of research evidence on effects of interventions, with relatively more evidence on effects on educators’ knowledge, skills, and practice than on effects on organizations and student achievement. The article also identifies a set of common conditions found to influence intervention implementation and effects, including intervention characteristics (capacity, data properties), broader context (leadership, organizational structure), and individual relationships and characteristics (trust, beliefs and knowledge). Conclusions/Recommendations The review finds that the current research base is limited in quantity and quality. It suggests the need for more methodologically rigorous research and greater attention to the organizational and student-level outcomes of interventions, comparative analyses, interventions that help educators move from knowledge to action, and specific ways in which the quality of data and leadership practices shape the effectiveness of interventions.

Transforming people practices by re-structuring job engagement practices for generation z: An empirical study

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Deepika Pandita ◽  
Amresh Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Support ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Job Engagement ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Perceived Supervisor Support ◽  
Engagement Strategies ◽  
The Individual

Purpose This paper aims to develop the readers’ understanding of the transforming role of job engagement (JOB) drivers, specifically for Gen Z in information technology (IT) Companies across India. It measures the association of JOB and perceived organizational support (POS), perceived supervisor support (PSS) and co-worker relationship (COP) with a very special reference to Gen Z. Design/methodology/approach A total of 302 survey-based responses were collected. To test the conceptualized model of JOB, structural equation modeling was used. Confirmatory factor analysis was conducted using the AMOS platform toward determining the reliability and validity of the individual constructs and the overall model. Findings All three dimensions, namely, POS, PSS and COP, are positively related to JOB. Out of the three, the most contributing extent in engaging Gen Z is PSS. Research limitations/implications A conceptual framework of Gen Z engagement drivers could help human resource (HR) researchers fine-tune Gen Z employees’ retention strategy. The paper shows that it is not about pandering to them but about eliminating blocks so that Gen Z can deliver the future business. Practical implications The outcomes may aid establishments and policymakers in advancing and improving HRs policies in engaging Gen Z, who have started entering the organizations. Originality/value JOB practices can add to the determinations of the HRs processes in the IT start-ups organizations in dealing with Gen Z. This research reconnoiters the drivers of engagement strategies directly impacting JOB Gen Z.

To Help or To Harm? Assessing the Impact of Envy on Prosocial and Antisocial Behaviors

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (7) ◽  
pp. 1156-1168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Maria C. Behler ◽  
Catherine S. J. Wall ◽  
Adriana Bos ◽  
Jeffrey D. Green
Keyword(s):  
Antisocial Behavior ◽  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Prisoner's Dilemma ◽  
Prisoner’S Dilemma ◽  
Antisocial Behaviors ◽  
Neutral State ◽  
Harmful Behavior ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact

Two studies examined how envy influences prosocial and antisocial behavior. In Experiment 1, participants in an envious state (relative to a neutral state) were less helpful: They picked up fewer dropped pencils in their immediate vicinity. We expanded upon these findings by examining how envy affected both helping and harming behavior in a competitive scenario. In Experiment 2, individuals in envious or neutral states assigned puzzle tasks to another student in a prisoner’s dilemma style scenario. Prosocial and antisocial behaviors were assessed via the difficulty of the assigned puzzles (easy puzzles were considered helpful and difficult puzzles were harmful). We hypothesized that experiencing envy would result in greater motive to harm as well as greater likelihood of engaging in harmful behavior. The hypothesis was supported, suggesting that envy has detrimental ramifications that go beyond the individual and extend to interpersonal relationships.

Attachment Theory and Brief Psychotherapy: Applying Current Research to Clinical Interventions

1989 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 369-375 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malcolm West ◽  
Adreenne Sheldon ◽  
Linda Redtfer
Keyword(s):  
Attachment Theory ◽  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Clinical Intervention ◽  
Insecure Attachment ◽  
Brief Psychotherapy ◽  
Attachment Figure ◽  
Attachment Relationships ◽  
Attachment Research ◽  
Representational Model ◽  
The Individual

Recent advances in attachment research provide a framework for defining the content and process of brief psychotherapy with adults. Attachment theory emphasizes a number of issues crucial to therapeutic work. Specifically, attachment relationships are enduring components of a individual's pattern of interpersonal behaviours. Functionally, attachment relationships address security needs. Insecure attachment arises from a representational model based on feared loss of the attachment figure, which predisposes the individual to have little confidence in the attachment figure's availability, responsiveness, and permanence. Behavioural responses to insecure attachment can lead to specific patterns of interpersonal relationships which, in turn, strengthen the representational model. Thus, a relatively stable, self-reinforcing system evolves and results in a consistent inability to experience security within attachment relationships. In this article, the authors describe the current framework for understanding adult attachment relationships and present clinical vignettes illustrating the saliency of attachment theory to common clinical presentations. The goal of the clinical intervention is defined as increasing the “permeability” of the individual's working model of attachment through affective and cognitive re-assessment of attachment experiences and expectations. Finally, the utility of this approach in evaluating the outcome and effectiveness of psychotherapy is highlighted.

scholarly journals ′Education is our daily bread′: Church polyphony, educational processes and the Serbian national identity between 1830 and 1914

Muzikologija ◽  
2007 ◽  
pp. 199-216
Author(s):  
Ivana Perkovic-Radak
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Church Music ◽  
Educational Systems ◽  
School Year ◽  
Educational Processes ◽  
Working Together ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Novi Sad ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Cultural Positioning

Choral church music had different functions in Serbian society of the 19th century. It was a part of many processes or even initiated them itself broadly affecting the sphere of culture. One of its purposes had strong educational and national implications. In this paper I do not study these as musical and historical elements emphasizing existent social tendencies, but rather as processes that generated certain components through church music (both in the educational sense and in the sphere of broader social structures). The early beginnings of church polyphony among Serbs were marked by choirs comprising older members and pupils. For example, members of the Serbian parish in Pest, who started working together in 1835 and sang the complete Divine Liturgy for the first time in 1838, were both pupils and students. In 1841 and 1842 students of Alexandar Morfidis-Nisis in Novi Sad sang in church, while in the same school year Belgrade high school first introduced choral singing. The comparison of the development of educational systems in states inhabited by Serbs in the 19th century is used as the basis for seeing historical and cultural positioning as one role of choral church music. Certain elements of the national program, such as progress comprehension of the nation as a community of individuals, distention of the individual, or the process of socialization were shared by church polyphonic singing. These elements are studied in the context of the development of European and Serbian educational systems, mostly from a historical perspective.

scholarly journals The patient with epilepsy and medicolegal aspects: a view for the neurologist

2019 ◽  
Vol 77 (10) ◽  
pp. 741-745
Author(s):  
Amur FERREIRA NETO SEGUNDO ◽  
Maren de Moraes e SILVA ◽  
Pilar Bueno Siqueira MERCER ◽  
Carolina REINERT ◽  
Emerson Faria BORGES ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Epileptic Seizures ◽  
Federal Law ◽  
Employment Agreement ◽  
Antiepileptic Medication ◽  
Driver's License ◽  
The Individual ◽  
License Renewal ◽  
Attending Physician ◽  
Patients With Epilepsy

ABSTRACT Patients with epilepsy face innumerable obstacles in daily life, related to work, permission to drive and interpersonal relationships, which require medical guidance. This paper reports a literature review based on scientific articles and civil and traffic system, as a way to resolve doubts about medical obligations in the patient’s permission to drive and work. An employment agreement requires the contractor to guarantee safety conditions as well as requiring the patient, at the pre-employment medical examination, to let the physician know previous medical conditions, including epilepsy. More than 90% of patients with epilepsy omit this information during the application assessment, thus being subject to imputation of ideological falsehood crime as disposied on article 299 of Brazilian Penal Code. Medical confidentiality breaches may only occur in specific situations. In Brazil, the authorization and driver’s license renewal is governed by the Brazilian Traffic Code (Federal Law n° 9503/1997). For patient evaluations, two groups are considered: those on antiepileptic medication and those on medication withdrawal. A favorable report from the attending physician is also required, in both categories. Seizures that occur exclusively during sleep, and focal aware events or prolonged aura are not differentiated from other seizure types disposed in the traffic law. It is the responsibility of the attending physician to analyze each patient individually to resolve conflicts between public safety and the individual patient’s independence. A frank and honest doctor-patient relationship is essential for the patient to understand the public and individual consequences of epileptic seizures and to feel comfortable seeking medical help.

scholarly journals Reasoned Action Frameworks

Communication ◽  
2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Yzer ◽  
Brian Southwell
Keyword(s):  
Action Research ◽  
Reasoned Action ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
Situational Factors ◽  
Integrative Model ◽  
Behavioral Performance ◽  
Reasoned Action Approach ◽  
Theoretical Understanding ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Individual

Reasoned action frameworks, which include the Theory of Reasoned Action and its extensions, the widely used Theory of Planned Behavior and the more recent Integrative Model of Behavioral Prediction, describe that intention to perform a behavior follows reasonably (but not necessarily rationally) from specific beliefs that people hold about the behavior and that people act on their intentions when they have the required skills and when situational factors do not impede behavioral performance. Reasoned action research has two broad foci. A first seeks to advance theoretical understanding of human social behavior as based on expectancy beliefs about consequences of behavioral performance. A second applies reasoned action research to development or evaluation of interventions that seek to modify a specific behavior in a particular population. The relevance of the reasoned action approach for communication scholars lies in its direct applicability to a wide range of important communication questions, including the explanation of communication as a socially relevant behavior and intra-individual processes to explain how exposure to information leads to behavior change. Although reasoned action propositions embed belief-based processes in a multilevel system of influence, the individual is nonetheless the primary level of analysis. The range of citations included in this bibliography addresses the decades-long time frame during which scholars have explicitly employed core reasoned action concepts. Beyond the introductory works, the examples presented here are illustrative rather than exhaustive, by necessity, as few other behavioral theories have generated more citations in communication research.

scholarly journals Análisis Del Código Emocional En Los Estudiantes De La Escuela De Ingeniería En Marketing Para Determinar Al Arquetipo Predominante/Analysis of the Emotional Code in the Students of the School of Engineering in Marketing to Determine the Predominant Arch

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Antonio Vasco Vasco ◽  
Oscar Parada Gutierrez ◽  
Juan Carlos Montufar Guevara ◽  
Diana Carolina García Mayorga
Keyword(s):  
Behavior Analysis ◽  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Collective Unconscious ◽  
World Model ◽  
The People ◽  
Para Determinar ◽  
Indispensable Tool ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Research Show

Este proyecto investigativo se realizó con el fin de analizar el arquetipo predominante en los estudiantes de Octavo y noveno semestre de la Escuela de Marketing de la Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo, mediante este análisis se identificó el modelo de comunicación que tienen cada uno de los estudiantes con su modelo del mundo característico, los arquetipos aunque no muy populares en un analisis de comportamiento son una herramienta indispensable para la definir la personalidad de los individuos en un contexto determinado y su desenvolvimiento en la sociedad de acuerdo a sus códigos emocionales. El presente estudio busca determinar los arquetipos en los estudiantes de marketing. Se realizaron 41 test con preguntas específicas en temas de aprendizaje, comunicación, relaciones interpersonales, modo de trabajo, flexibilidad mental, entre otros. Se presentó mucho interés en los estudiantes para realizar la entrevista y para identificar algunas características que se encuentran en su inconsciente colectivo. Los principales resultados de la investigación muestran el arquetipo predominante en los estudiantes de la Escuela de Ingeniería en Marketing de la ESPOCH con relación a sus códigos emocionales, que enfoca las características individuales de las personas y sus emociones privadas contenidas. This research project was carried out with the purpose of analyzing the predominant archetype in the students of Eighth and Ninth Semester of the School of Marketing of the Polytechnical Superior School of Chimborazo, through this analysis the model of communication that each one of the students has identified was identified With its characteristic world model, the archetypes, although not very popular in a behavior analysis, are an indispensable tool for defining the personality of individuals in a given context and their development in society according to their emotional codes. The present study seeks to determine the archetypes in marketing students. 42 tests were conducted with specific questions on topics of learning, communication, interpersonal relationships, work mode, mental flexibility, among others. There was a lot of interest in the students to conduct the interview and to identify some characteristics that are found in their collective unconscious. The main results of the research show the predominant archetype in the students of the School of Engineering in Marketing of the ESPOCH in relation to their emotional codes, which focuses on the individual characteristics of the people and their contained private emotions. Palabras claves: Arquetipo, comportamiento, personalidad, relaciones interpersonales. Keywords: Archetype, behavior, personality, interpersonal relationships.

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