scholarly journals Thirty years of Epistemic Specifications

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-41
Author(s):  
JORGE FANDINNO ◽  
WOLFGANG FABER ◽  
MICHAEL GELFOND
Keyword(s):  
State Of The Art ◽  
World View ◽  
Formal Semantics ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Knowledge Representation And Reasoning ◽  
Stable Model ◽  
Logic Programs ◽  
Current State ◽  
Closed World ◽  
Disjunctive Logic Programs

Abstract The language of epistemic specifications and epistemic logic programs extends disjunctive logic programs under the stable model semantics with modal constructs called subjective literals. Using subjective literals, it is possible to check whether a regular literal is true in every or some stable models of the program, those models, in this context also called belief sets, being collected in a set called world view. This allows for representing, within the language, whether some proposition should be understood accordingly to the open or the closed world assumption. Several attempts for capturing the intuitions underlying the language by means of a formal semantics were given, resulting in a multitude of proposals that makes it difficult to understand the current state of the art. In this article, we provide an overview of the inception of the field and the knowledge representation and reasoning tasks it is suitable for. We also provide a detailed analysis of properties of proposed semantics, and an outlook of challenges to be tackled by future research in the area.

scholarly journals A Lab Model for Symptom Exaggeration: What do we Need?

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabella J. M. Niesten ◽  
Harald Merckelbach ◽  
Alfons Van Impelen ◽  
Marko Jelicic ◽  
Angel Manderson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Dissonance ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Current Form ◽  
Research Participants ◽  
Current State ◽  
Symptom Exaggeration ◽  
Valid Data ◽  
Theoretical Foundations

This article reflects on the current state of the art in research on individuals who exaggerate their symptoms (i.e., feigning). We argue that the most commonly used approach in this field, namely simply providing research participants with instructions to overreport symptoms, is valuable for validating measures that tap into symptom exaggeration, but is less suitable for addressing the theoretical foundations of feigning. That is, feigning serves to actively mislead others and is done deliberately. These characteristics produce experiences (e.g., feelings of guilt) in individuals who feign that lab research in its current form is unable to accommodate for. Paradigms that take these factors into account may not only yield more ecologically valid data, but may also stimulate a shift from the study of how to detect feigning to more fundamental issues. One such issue is the cognitive dissonance (e.g., feelings of guilt) that – in some cases – accompanies feigning and that may foster internalized fabrications. We present three studies (N's = 78, 60, and 54) in which we tried to abate current issues and discuss their merits for future research.

Sport in business studies: a state-of-the-art literature review

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 529-546
Author(s):  
Christofer Laurell ◽  
Sten Soderman
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Marketing Strategy ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Business Studies ◽  
Current State ◽  
State Of Research

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to provide a systematic review of articles on sport published in leading business studies journals within marketing, organisational studies and strategy.Design/methodology/approachBased on a review of 38 identified articles within the subfields of marketing, strategy and organisation studies published between 2000 and 2015, the articles’ topical, theoretical and methodological orientation within the studied subfields were analysed followed by a cross-subfield analysis.FindingsThe authors identify considerable differences in topical, theoretical and methodological orientation among the studied subfields’ associated articles. Overall, the authors also find that articles across all subfields tend to be focussed on contributing to mature theory, even though the subfield of marketing in particular exhibits contributions to nascent theory in contrast to organisation studies and strategy.Originality/valueThis paper contributes by illustrating the current state of research that is devoted or related to the phenomenon of sport within three subfields in business studies. Furthermore, the authors discuss the role played by leading business studies journalsvis-à-vissport sector-specific journals and offer avenues for future research.

System integration of high intensity energy subsystems – a thermal management challenge

2008 ◽  
Vol 112 (1134) ◽  
pp. 477-482
Author(s):  
D. M. Pratt ◽  
D. Moorhouse
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Management ◽  
Air Force ◽  
System Integration ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Cooling Capacity ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Current State ◽  
Management Capability ◽  
Management Challenge

Current and future Air Force weapons systems lack the necessary power and cooling capacity to provide full systems level capability as a result of energy and thermal management limitations. Cooling capacity of fuel is already fully utilised leaving little room for additional cooling needs. Additionally, increasing speed, power, and miniaturisation of future systems continue to stress any thermal management capability that we can now deliver. Thus, the focus of this paper is a conceptual assessment of the key energy and thermal management technologies to meet the future energy challenges. It presents an overview of the current state of the art and also possible future research.

scholarly journals Sustainability in Heritage Wood Conservation: Challenges and Directions for Future Research

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 18
Author(s):  
Zarah Walsh-Korb
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Heritage Conservation ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Future ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Sustainable Conservation ◽  
New Research

Conserving the world’s cultural and natural heritage is considered a key contributor to achieving the targets set out in the United Nation’s Sustainable Development Goals, yet how much attention do we pay to the methods we use to conserve and protect this heritage? With a specific focus on wooden objects of cultural heritage, this review discusses the current state-of-the-art in heritage conservation in terms of sustainability, sustainable alternatives to currently used consolidants, and new research directions that could lead to more sustainable consolidants in the future. Within each stage a thorough discussion of the synthesis mechanisms and/or extraction protocols, particularly for bio-based resources is provided, evaluating resource usage and environmental impact. This is intended to give the reader a better understanding of the overall sustainability of each different approach and better evaluate consolidant choices for a more sustainable approach. The challenges facing the development of sustainable consolidants and recent research that is likely to lead to highly sustainable new consolidant strategies in the future are also discussed. This review aims to contribute to the ongoing discussion of sustainable conservation and highlight the role that consolidants play in truly sustainable heritage conservation.

scholarly journals Modularity Aspects of Disjunctive Stable Models

2009 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 813-857 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Janhunen ◽  
E. Oikarinen ◽  
H. Tompits ◽  
S. Woltran
Keyword(s):  
Programming Languages ◽  
Connected Components ◽  
Stable Model ◽  
Logic Programs ◽  
Strongly Connected Components ◽  
Verification Method ◽  
Strongly Connected ◽  
Disjunctive Logic Programs ◽  
Mutual Comparison ◽  
Output Interface

Practically all programming languages allow the programmer to split a program into several modules which brings along several advantages in software development. In this paper, we are interested in the area of answer-set programming where fully declarative and nonmonotonic languages are applied. In this context, obtaining a modular structure for programs is by no means straightforward since the output of an entire program cannot in general be composed from the output of its components. To better understand the effects of disjunctive information on modularity we restrict the scope of analysis to the case of disjunctive logic programs (DLPs) subject to stable-model semantics. We define the notion of a DLP-function, where a well-defined input/output interface is provided, and establish a novel module theorem which indicates the compositionality of stable-model semantics for DLP-functions. The module theorem extends the well-known splitting-set theorem and enables the decomposition of DLP-functions given their strongly connected components based on positive dependencies induced by rules. In this setting, it is also possible to split shared disjunctive rules among components using a generalized shifting technique. The concept of modular equivalence is introduced for the mutual comparison of DLP-functions using a generalization of a translation-based verification method.

scholarly journals Corporate entrepreneurship: a systematic literature review and future research agenda

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Urbano ◽  
Andreu Turro ◽  
Mike Wright ◽  
Shaker Zahra
Keyword(s):  
Research Agenda ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Corporate Entrepreneurship ◽  
Global Perspective ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Future Research Agenda ◽  
Current State ◽  
Literature Reviews ◽  
Antecedents And Consequences ◽  
State Of Research

AbstractThis article analyzes the state of the art of the research on corporate entrepreneurship, develops a conceptual framework that connects its antecedents and consequences, and offers an agenda for future research. We review 310 papers published in entrepreneurship and management journals, providing an assessment of the current state of research and, subsequently, we suggest research avenues in three different areas: corporate entrepreneurship antecedents, dimensions and consequences. Even though a significant part of the overall corporate entrepreneurship literature has appeared in the last decade, most literature reviews were published earlier. These reviews typically cover a single dimension of the corporate entrepreneurship phenomenon and, therefore, do not provide a global perspective on the existing literature. In addition, corporate entrepreneurship has been studied from different fields and there are different approaches and definitions to it. This limits our understanding of accumulated knowledge in this area and hampers the development of further research. Our review addresses these shortcomings, providing a roadmap for future research.

scholarly journals A Primer in BERTology: What We Know About How BERT Works

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 842-866
Author(s):  
Anna Rogers ◽  
Olga Kovaleva ◽  
Anna Rumshisky
Keyword(s):  
State Of The Art ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Current State

Transformer-based models have pushed state of the art in many areas of NLP, but our understanding of what is behind their success is still limited. This paper is the first survey of over 150 studies of the popular BERT model. We review the current state of knowledge about how BERT works, what kind of information it learns and how it is represented, common modifications to its training objectives and architecture, the overparameterization issue, and approaches to compression. We then outline directions for future research.

scholarly journals A Review of the State of the Art in Non-Contact Sensing for COVID-19

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (19) ◽  
pp. 5665
Author(s):  
William Taylor ◽  
Qammer H. Abbasi ◽  
Kia Dashtipour ◽  
Shuja Ansari ◽  
Syed Aziz Shah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Current State ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
Contact Sensing

COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2, has resulted in a global pandemic recently. With no approved vaccination or treatment, governments around the world have issued guidance to their citizens to remain at home in efforts to control the spread of the disease. The goal of controlling the spread of the virus is to prevent strain on hospitals. In this paper, we focus on how non-invasive methods are being used to detect COVID-19 and assist healthcare workers in caring for COVID-19 patients. Early detection of COVID-19 can allow for early isolation to prevent further spread. This study outlines the advantages and disadvantages and a breakdown of the methods applied in the current state-of-the-art approaches. In addition, the paper highlights some future research directions, which need to be explored further to produce innovative technologies to control this pandemic.

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