Evolution of some biochemical markers of growth in relation to osteoarticular status in young horses: results of a longitudinal study in three breeds

2007 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
J P Valette ◽  
C Robert ◽  
M P Toquet ◽  
J M Denoix ◽  
G Fortier
Keyword(s):  
Biochemical Markers ◽  
Cell Activity ◽  
Bone Cell ◽  
Rapid Decrease ◽  
Radiographic Examination ◽  
Alkaline Phosphatases ◽  
Radiographic Findings ◽  
Bone Fraction ◽  
Young Horses ◽  
Kinetics Of

AbstractOsteocalcin (OC), bone fraction of alkaline phosphatases (BAP) and hydroxyproline (HOP) are markers of bone cell activity. The kinetics of these markers and the analysis of their variations could be related to the osteoarticular status (OAS) of young horses. The growth of Thoroughbreds, French Trotters and Selle Français horses was followed up to 18 months. Blood samples were taken regularly to measure OC, HOP and BAP by standardized techniques. The OAS was evaluated by radiographic examination of the limbs. Based on radiographic findings, two groups of horses were investigated, with no lesions or severely affected. Analysis of variance was used to detect the effects of age and breed, and OAS on parameters. The logarithmic model was used to determine the kinetics of the markers. A rapid decrease in marker concentrations with age and differences between breed was observed. At birth, BAP, OC and HOP concentrations were significantly higher in normal horses (1910 UI l− 1, 192 ng ml− 1 and 35 mg l− 1, respectively) than in horses with severe lesions (1620 UI l− 1, 149 ng ml− 1 and 24 mg l− 1, respectively). During the first 6 months, OC, HOP and BAP remained lower in severely affected horses.

Circadian variation in biochemical markers of bone cell activity and insulin-like growth factor-I in two-year-old horses1

2003 ◽  
Vol 81 (11) ◽  
pp. 2804-2810 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. F. Jackson ◽  
A. Blumsohn ◽  
A. E. Goodship ◽  
A. M. Wilson ◽  
J. S. Price
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Biochemical Markers ◽  
Circadian Variation ◽  
Cell Activity ◽  
Bone Cell ◽  
Insulin Like Growth Factor ◽  
Factor I ◽  
Growth Factor I

scholarly journals Changes in Serum Biochemical Markers of Bone Cell Activity in Growing Thoroughbred Horses

2006 ◽  
Vol 19 (11) ◽  
pp. 1632-1637 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Inoue ◽  
Y. Asai ◽  
H. Ohmori ◽  
H. Fujii ◽  
T. Matsui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biochemical Markers ◽  
Cell Activity ◽  
Bone Cell ◽  
Thoroughbred Horses ◽  
Serum Biochemical

scholarly journals The Development of Molecular Biology of Osteoporosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (15) ◽  
pp. 8182
Author(s):  
Yongguang Gao ◽  
Suryaji Patil ◽  
Jingxian Jia
Keyword(s):  
Bone Resorption ◽  
Molecular Biology ◽  
Bone Formation ◽  
Bone Mass ◽  
Bone Remodeling ◽  
Bone Cells ◽  
Cell Activity ◽  
Bone Cell ◽  
Bone Disorders ◽  
Molecular Aspects

Osteoporosis is one of the major bone disorders that affects both women and men, and causes bone deterioration and bone strength. Bone remodeling maintains bone mass and mineral homeostasis through the balanced action of osteoblasts and osteoclasts, which are responsible for bone formation and bone resorption, respectively. The imbalance in bone remodeling is known to be the main cause of osteoporosis. The imbalance can be the result of the action of various molecules produced by one bone cell that acts on other bone cells and influence cell activity. The understanding of the effect of these molecules on bone can help identify new targets and therapeutics to prevent and treat bone disorders. In this article, we have focused on molecules that are produced by osteoblasts, osteocytes, and osteoclasts and their mechanism of action on these cells. We have also summarized the different pharmacological osteoporosis treatments that target different molecular aspects of these bone cells to minimize osteoporosis.

Morphological studies of bone and tendon

1992 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
pp. S10-S13 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. B. Doty ◽  
E. R. Morey-Holton ◽  
G. N. Durnova ◽  
A. S. Kaplansky
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Bone Cells ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Light And Electron Microscopy ◽  
Cell Activity ◽  
Bone Cell ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Morphological Studies ◽  
Metatarsal Bones

The Soviet biosatellite COSMOS 2044 carried adult rats on a spaceflight that lasted 13.8 days and was intended to repeat animal studies carried out on COSMOS 1887. Skeletal tissue and tendon from animals flown on COSMOS 2044 were studied by light and electron microscopy, histochemistry, and morphometric techniques. Studies were confined to the bone cells and vasculature from the weight-bearing tibias. Results indicated that vascular changes at the periosteal and subperiosteal region of the tibia were not apparent by light microscopy or histochemistry. However, electron microscopy indicated that vascular inclusions were present in bone samples from the flight animals. A unique combination of microscopy and histochemical techniques indicated that the endosteal osteoblasts from this same mid-diaphyseal region demonstrated a slight (but not statistically significant) reduction in bone cell activity. Electron-microscopic studies of the tendons from metatarsal bones showed a collagen fibril disorganization as a result of spaceflight. Thus changes described for COSMOS 1887 were present in COSMOS 2044, but the changes ascribed to spaceflight were not as evident.

Wnt signaling and bone cell activity

2020 ◽  
pp. 177-204
Author(s):  
Bart O. Williams ◽  
Mark L. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Wnt Signaling ◽  
Cell Activity ◽  
Bone Cell

scholarly journals LSTR 3 Mix MP Therapy and Conventional Root Canal Therapy: A comparative Clinical & Radiological Study for The treatment outcome of Irreversible Pulpitis In Permanent Tooth

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 20-26
Author(s):  
Shiren Sultana ◽  
Shamima Afroz ◽  
Fahd AA Karim ◽  
Nushrat Saki ◽  
Md Abdul Hannan Sheikh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Canal ◽  
Therapy Group ◽  
Permanent Tooth ◽  
Radiographic Examination ◽  
Root Canal Therapy ◽  
Radiographic Findings ◽  
Group I ◽  
Clinical And Radiological Outcome ◽  
Irreversible Pulpitis ◽  
Observation Period

Background: LSTR therapy is considered as one of the most widely accepted clinical procedure for the treatment of permanent tooth with irreversible pulpitis with minimum destruction of tooth tissue Objective: To evaluate the clinical and radiographic findings of permanent tooth with irreversible pulpitis by LSTR 3Mix MP therapy and compare with conventional root canal therapy. Methods: According to inclusion and exclusion criteria, a total of 40 teeth were enrolled in this study, out of which 20 teeth treated with LSTR 3Mix MP Therapy, (Group-I) and the remaining 20 teeth treated with conventional root canal therapy (Group-2). Clinical and radiological Follow up examinations were performed at 3, 6- and 12-months interval to investigate the incidence of postoperative pain, tenderness to percussion, swelling and periodical radiolucency, collected date was analyzed by using Statistical package for Social Science (SPSS) version 17. Statistical analysis was performed by Chisquare test to assess the difference between the clinical outcome of Group 1 and 2; a value of P<0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results: At 3 months observation period, LSTR and Conventional root canal therapy showed 100% success rate in treating teeth with irreversible pulpits; neither pain nor any tenderness on percussion or post-operative swelling was observed. Radiographic examination also revealed no sign of radiolucent area. At 6 and 12 months following the completion of the treatment, except in one case in each observation period, there results were similar to that of 3 months. One LSTR (5%) and one conventional (5%) therapy reported pain, tenderness on percussion and swelling with peripical lesion. There were no statistical differences between the two groups (p>0.05). Conclusions: It can be concluded that LSTR 3 Mix MP Therapy proved to be effective in treating teeth with irreversible pulpitis; with similar clinical and radiological outcome to conventional root canal treatment within one-year observation period. Update Dent. Coll. j: 2019; 9 (2): 20-26

Decreased potassium stimulates bone resorption

1997 ◽  
Vol 272 (6) ◽  
pp. F774-F780 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. A. Bushinsky ◽  
D. R. Riordon ◽  
J. S. Chan ◽  
N. S. Krieger
Keyword(s):  
Bone Resorption ◽  
Collagen Synthesis ◽  
Cell Activity ◽  
Bone Cell ◽  
Osteoblastic Cell ◽  
Enzyme Release ◽  
Osteoblastic Cell Line ◽  
Glucuronidase Activity ◽  
K Concentration ◽  
Low K

Metabolic acidosis induces net calcium efflux (JCa+) from cultured bone, in part, through an increase in osteoclastic resorption and a decrease in osteoblastic formation. In humans provision of base as potassium (K+) citrate, but not sodium (Na+) citrate, reduces urine Ca (UCa), and oral KHCO3 decreases bone resorption and UCa in postmenopausal women. Potassium deprivation alone leads to an increase in UCa. To determine whether decreased extracellular K+ concentration ([K+]) at a constant pH, PCO2, and [HCO-3] alters JCa+ and bone cell activity, we measured JCa+, osteoblastic collagen synthesis, and osteoclastic beta-glucuronidase release from neonatal mouse calvariae cultured for 48 h in medium of varying [K+]. Calvariae were cultured in control medium (approximately 4 mM [K+]) or medium with mildly low K+ (MLK, approximately 3 mM [K+]), very low K+ (VLK, approximately 2 mM [K+]), or extremely low K+ (ELK, approximately 1 mM [K+]) (n > or = 9 in each group). Compared with control, ELK, but not MLK or VLK, resulted in a marked increase in JCa+ and an increase in beta-glucuronidase release and a decrease in collagen synthesis. JCa+ was correlated directly with medium beta-glucuronidase activity and inversely with collagen synthesis. To determine whether the reduction in medium [K+] was associated with a decrease in intracellular pH (pHi), we measured pHi in MC3T3-E1 cells, a mouse osteoblastic cell line. Incubation in 1 mM [K+] led to a significant decrease in pHi compared with 3 mM [K+]. Thus incubation in a reduced [K+] medium stimulates JCa+ and osteoclastic enzyme release and inhibits osteoblastic collagen synthesis, which may be mediated by a reduction in bone cell pH.

Situs Inversus Totalis

2001 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janie Spoon
Keyword(s):  
Situs Inversus ◽  
Vena Cava ◽  
Situs Inversus Totalis ◽  
Mirror Image ◽  
The Body ◽  
Radiographic Examination ◽  
Internal Organs ◽  
Radiographic Findings ◽  
Situs Solitus ◽  
The Right

EXTERNALLY, THE HUMAN BODY appears symmetric; if a line is drawn down the middle of the body, each side appears identical. However, this is not true of the internal anatomy. For example, there is one heart, which lies in the left chest, one liver, in the right abdomen, and one stomach, in the left abdomen. The term situs refers to the position or location of an organ, specifically, the position of the atria and abdominal viscera in relation to the midline of the body.1 There are three types of situs: solitus, inversus, and ambiguous. Situs solitus refers to the normal arrangement of organs, with the right atrium, liver, gallbladder, trilobed lung, and inferior vena cava on the right side and the left atrium, stomach, spleen, bilobed lung, and descending aorta on the left side (Figures 1–3). Situs inversus totalis refers to a mirror image reversal of the normal position of the internal organs (Figures 4 and 5). 1 The incidence of situs inversus totalis is 1 in every 8,000 to 25,000 births, and the condition is most often diagnosed by radiographic examination.2Situs ambiguous, often referred to as heterotaxia, is the random arrangement of the internal organs and is associated with splenic abnormalities and congenital heart disease.3 The purpose of this column is to discuss the embryology, pathophysiology, and diagnosis of situs inversus totalis and to review a case study with radiographic findings.

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