Identification of new sources of bacterial blight (Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae) resistance in wild Oryza species and O. glaberrima

2007 ◽  
Vol 5 (02) ◽  
pp. 108-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yogesh Vikal ◽  
Aparna Das ◽  
B. Patra ◽  
R. K. Goel ◽  
J. S. Sidhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Bacterial Blight ◽  
Molecular Mapping ◽  
Specific Resistance ◽  
Xanthomonas Oryzae ◽  
Western India ◽  
Tropical Asia ◽  
Moderately Resistant ◽  
North Western ◽  
Wild Oryza Species

Bacterial blight (BB) of rice is a widespread disease in tropical Asia, contained largely through the deployment of race-specific resistance genes. Although more than 25 BB resistance genes have been identified, none are effective individually against all the pathotypes prevalent in north-western India. The response of a set of 327 accessions of 13 wildOryzaspecies and cultivated African rice,O.glaberrima, was evaluated to infection with seven pathotypes ofXanthomonas oryzaepv.oryzaeover a period of 3–4 years. Of these, 67 were resistant or moderately resistant to all pathotypes. These comprised 13 accessions ofO.glaberrima, 5 ofO. barthii, 10 ofO.rufipogon, 4 ofO.longistaminata, 22 ofO.nivara, 6 ofO.officinalis, 2 ofO.rhizomatisand 5 ofO.minuta. Inheritance studies, molecular mapping and transfer of some of these genes intoO.sativassp.indicaare in progress.

Identification and Molecular Mapping of Xa32(t), a Novel Resistance Gene for Bacterial Blight (Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae) in Rice

2009 ◽  
Vol 35 (7) ◽  
pp. 1173-1180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chong-Ke ZHENG ◽  
Chun-Lian WANG ◽  
Yuan-Jie YU ◽  
Yun-Tao LIANG ◽  
Kai-Jun ZHAO
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Bacterial Blight ◽  
Molecular Mapping ◽  
Xanthomonas Oryzae

scholarly journals Genetic diversity analysis in indigenous rice (Oryza sativa L.) germplasm for Bacterial Leaf Blight (Xanthomonas oryzae pv. Oryzae) using resistance genes linked markers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khannetah K. R . ◽  
Ramchander S. ◽  
Andrew Peter Leon M. T ◽  
Shobha D. ◽  
Saravanan S. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Bacterial Blight ◽  
Rice Yield ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Lesion Length ◽  
R Genes ◽  
Leaf Clipping ◽  
Moderately Resistant

Abstract Among rice ( Oryza sativa L.) diseases, bacterial blight (BB), caused by Xanthomonas oryza pv. Oryzae , plays a pivotal role in decreasing rice yield. BB is reported to be the most serious constraint to improving rice yield. The present investigation assessed the potentiality of bacterial blight resistance and molecular characterization of 100 rice accessions for four major BB resistance genes, viz., Xa4, xa5, xa13 and Xa21 . Disease screening was carried out under glasshouse conditions using a BB culture isolated from BB-infected rice fields through the leaf clipping method. Analyses of 13 BB resistance genes linked with polymorphic microsatellites markers indicated the presence of single-, two-, three- and four-gene combinations of xa5, xa13, Xa4 and Xa21 . We found four accessions to be resistant; 34 accessions to be moderately resistant; 49 accessions to be moderately susceptible and 13 accessions to be susceptible. Among the resistant lines, IR12L110, Namcheonbyeo, Dhalaheera and SahbhagiDhan recorded a minimum lesion length of 3.7cm, 4.2cm, 4.67cm and 8.3 cm, respectively. Phylogenetic tree, constructed using molecular data, grouped the rice germplasm into four major clusters. R genes xa 5 and Xa4 contributed 14 positive compatible R genes, each belonging to 28 germplasm for BB resistance. The potential genetic resources identified as resistant to BB can be used as donors for the improvement of rice BB resistance in rice breeding programs.

scholarly journals Introgression of Bacterial Blight Resistance Genes in the Rice Cultivar Ciherang: Response against Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae in the F6 Generation

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 2048
Author(s):  
Priya Lal Biswas ◽  
Ujjal Kumar Nath ◽  
Sharmistha Ghosal ◽  
Gayatri Goswami ◽  
Md. Shalim Uddin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Bacterial Blight ◽  
Single Gene ◽  
Rice Variety ◽  
Rice Cultivar ◽  
Xanthomonas Oryzae ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Broad Spectrum Resistance

Bacterial blight (BB) is caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae and is one of the most important diseases in rice. It results in significantly reduced productivity throughout all rice-growing regions of the world. Four BB resistance genes have been reported; however, introgression of a single gene into rice has not been able to sufficiently protect rice against BB infection. Pyramiding of effective BB resistance genes (i.e., Xa genes) into background varieties is a potential approach to controlling BB infection. In this study, combinations of four BB resistance genes, Xa4, xa5, xa13, and Xa21, were pyramided into populations. The populations were derived from crossing Ciherang (a widespread Indonesian rice variety) with IRBB60 (resistance to BB). Promising recombinants from the F6 generation were identified by scoring the phenotype against three virulent bacterial strains, C5, P6, and V, which cause widespread BB infection in most rice-growing countries. Pyramiding of genes for BB resistance in 265 recombinant introgressed lines (RILs) were confirmed through marker-assisted selection (MAS) of the F5 and F6 generations using gene-specific primers. Of these 265 RILs, 11, 34 and 45 lines had four, three, or two BB resistance genes, respectively. The RILs had pyramiding of two or three resistance genes, with the Xa4 resistance gene showing broad spectrum resistance against Xoo races with higher agronomic performance compared to their donor and recipients parents. The developed BB-resistant RILs have high yield potential to be further developed for cultivation or as sources of BB resistance donor material for varietal improvement in other rice lines.

scholarly journals Cloning of the rice Xo1 resistance gene and interaction of the Xo1 protein with the defense-suppressing Xanthomonas effector Tal2h

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew C. Read ◽  
Mathilde Hutin ◽  
Matthew J. Moscou ◽  
Fabio C. Rinaldi ◽  
Adam J. Bogdanove
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Bacterial Blight ◽  
Rice Variety ◽  
Susceptible Variety ◽  
Xanthomonas Oryzae ◽  
Physical Interaction ◽  
Bacterial Leaf Streak ◽  
Transcription Activator ◽  
Rice Leaves

AbstractThe Xo1 locus in the heirloom rice variety Carolina Gold Select confers resistance to bacterial leaf streak and bacterial blight, caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pvs. oryzicola and oryzae, respectively. Resistance is triggered by pathogen-delivered transcription activator-like effectors (TALEs) independent of their ability to activate transcription, and is suppressed by variants called truncTALEs common among Asian strains. By transformation of the susceptible variety Nipponbare, we show that one of 14 nucleotide-binding, leucine-rich repeat (NLR) protein genes at the locus, with a zfBED domain, is the Xo1 gene. Analyses of published transcriptomes revealed that the Xo1-mediated response is similar to those of NLR resistance genes Pia and Rxo1 and distinct from that associated with induction of the executor resistance gene Xa23, and that a truncTALE dampens or abolishes activation of defense-associated genes by Xo1. In Nicotiana benthamiana leaves, fluorescently-tagged Xo1 protein, like TALEs and truncTALEs, localized to the nucleus. And, endogenous Xo1 specifically co-immunoprecipitated from rice leaves with a pathogen-delivered, epitope-tagged truncTALE. These observations suggest that suppression of Xo1-function by truncTALEs occurs through direct or indirect physical interaction. They further suggest that effector co-immunoprecipitation may be effective for identifying or characterizing other resistance genes.

Variation in Susceptibility of different Seed Sources of Pongamia pinnata (L.) to Leaf Blotch Miner, Acrocercops transecta (Lepidoptera: Gracillaridae) in North Western India

2017 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-150
Author(s):  
K.S. Sangha ◽  
◽  
Rakesh Kumar ◽  
Ashwinder K. Dhaliwal ◽  
Naresh Kaushik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pongamia Pinnata ◽  
Leaf Damage ◽  
Western India ◽  
Morphometric Characteristics ◽  
Leaf Blotch ◽  
Seed Sources ◽  
Moderately Resistant ◽  
North Western

Forty seed sources of Pongamia pinnata (L.) exhibiting different morphometric characteristics collected from the different districts of Punjab and Haryana were screened for the incidence of leaf blotch miner, Acrocercops transecta Meyrick. The range of mean incidence of A. transecta expressed in terms of mean leaf damage (%) on seed sources collected from Punjab was higher (17.80-100 %) as compared to its incidence (75.47-100 %) on the seed sources of P. pinnata collected from Haryana. Three seed sources of P. pinnata (PB-2, PB-3 & PB-1) collected from Punjab, with mean incidence of A. transecta (17.80-28.67 %) were categorised as most resistant. However, the three sources of P. pinnata (HR-17, HR-1 & HR-19) collected from Haryana with mean incidence of A. transecta (75.47-78.87 %) were categorised as moderately resistant.

scholarly journals A strain of an emerging Indian pathotype of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae defeats the rice bacterial blight resistance gene xa13 without inducing a clade III SWEET gene and is nearly identical to a recent Thai isolate

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara C. D. Carpenter ◽  
Prashant Mishra ◽  
Chandrika Ghoshal ◽  
Prasanta Dash ◽  
Li Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Bacterial Blight ◽  
Xanthomonas Oryzae ◽  
Host Susceptibility ◽  
Transcription Activator ◽  
Rice Bacterial Blight ◽  
Indian Strain ◽  
Bacterial Blight Pathogen ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
S Genes

AbstractThe rice bacterial blight pathogen Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) injects transcription activator-like effectors (TALEs) that bind and activate host ‘susceptibility’ (S) genes important for disease. Clade III SWEET genes are major S genes for bacterial blight. The resistance genes xa5, which reduces TALE activity generally, and xa13, a SWEET11 allele not recognized by the cognate TALE, have been effectively deployed. However, strains that defeat both resistance genes individually were recently reported in India and Thailand. To gain insight into the mechanism(s), we completely sequenced the genome of one such strain from each country and examined the encoded TALEs. Strikingly, the two strains are clones, sharing nearly identical TALE repertoires, including a TALE known to activate SWEET11 strongly enough to be effective even when diminished by xa5. We next investigated SWEET gene induction by the Indian strain. The Indian strain induced no clade III SWEET in plants harbouring xa13, indicating a pathogen adaptation that relieves dependence on these genes for susceptibility. The findings open a door to mechanistic understanding of the role SWEET genes play in susceptibility and illustrate the importance of complete genome sequence-based monitoring of Xoo populations in developing varieties with effective disease resistance.

scholarly journals Development of bacterial blight resistant Mestizo hybrid maintainer and restorer lines through marker-aided backcrossing

2008 ◽  
pp. 1-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucia Borines ◽  
Emilie Espejo ◽  
Robelyn Piamonte ◽  
Casiana Vera Cruz ◽  
Edilberto Redoña
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Bacterial Blight ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Backcross Progeny ◽  
Xanthomonas Oryzae ◽  
Bacterial Blight Resistance ◽  
Backcross Generation ◽  
Advanced Backcross ◽  
Molecular Marker Analysis ◽  
Resistance Spectrum

This study was conducted to: 1) evaluate the reaction of Mestizo hybrids, their maintainer and restorer lines to Philippine Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae races, 2) incorporate bacterial blight resistance genes to these lines via marker-aided backcrossing and 3) confirm the presence of introgressed Xa genes in the progeny of each backcross generation through phenotyping and molecular marker analysis. Mestizo hybrids, their maintainer and restorer lines, IRBB62 donor, and checks were inoculated with ten Xoo races (12 isolates). Marker-aided backcrossing from IRBB62 donor (with Xa4/7/21) to each line was done to introgress target genes. The resistance genes in the advanced lines were confirmed using diagnostic Xoo races and analyses of linked DNA markers. Mestizo 1,2 and 3, their maintainer and restorer lines (IR68888B, IR68897B, IR34686R, IR62161R, IR60819R) except IR58025B were similar to IRBB4 indicating the presence of Xa4 resistance gene in these lines. All the lines however, did not contain the Xa7 and Xa21 genes. Resistance genes Xa7 and Xa21 were incorporated in addition to Xa4 to BC5F2 progeny (BC5F3 seeds) of IR34686-179-1-2-1R, IR60819-34-2R, IR62161184-3-1-3-2R and IR6888B. Resistance genes were also incorporated to BC4F1 progeny (BC4F2 seeds) of IR58025B and IR68897B. The presence of the genes was confirmed through linked markers. The lines containing gene pyramids had increased resistance to bacterial blight and a wider resistance spectrum to Xoo races. Advanced backcross progeny were phenotypically similar to their recurrent B and R lines.

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