Phenotypic evaluation of the Chinese mini-mini core collection of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) and assessment for resistance to bacterial wilt disease caused by Ralstonia solanacearum

2012 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huifang Jiang ◽  
Xiaoping Ren ◽  
Yuning Chen ◽  
Li Huang ◽  
Xiaojing Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Bacterial Wilt ◽  
Ralstonia Solanacearum ◽  
Core Collection ◽  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Wilt Disease ◽  
Sequencing Project ◽  
Bacterial Wilt Disease ◽  
The Core ◽  
Mini Core Collection

In order to utilize germplasm resources more efficiently for peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) genetic improvement, a core collection of 576 accessions and a primary mini core collection of 298 accessions were developed previously from a collection of 6839 cultivated peanut lines stored at the Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences at Wuhan. For an efficient evaluation and characterization of the most useful agronomic and disease-resistant traits, an even smaller collection of peanut accessions that represent a spectrum of phenotypes could be more desirable. For this reason, a mini-mini core collection with 99 accessions from the core accessions was developed based on the analysis of 21 morphological traits. It was demonstrated that there were no significant differences between the core and mini-mini core collections in 20 out of the 21 morphological traits studied. Further, the mini-mini core collection captured the ranges of all of the 21 traits displayed in the core collection. The newly developed mini-mini core collection was assessed for resistance to bacterial wilt disease caused by Ralstonia solanacearum. Two accessions showing a high level of resistance to bacterial wilt were identified, demonstrating the usefulness of the mini-mini core collection. The mini-mini-core collection provides a more efficient means of germplasm evaluation and will be resequenced as part of the International Peanut Genome Consortium sequencing project at the UC-Davis Genome Center.

scholarly journals ISOLASI DAN UJI KEMAMPUAN BAKTERIOFAG SEBAGAI AGENS PENGENDALI PENYAKIT LAYU BAKTERI (Ralstonia solanacearum) PADA TANAMAN TOMAT

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-20
Author(s):  
Fery Abdul Choliq ◽  
Mintarto Martosudiro ◽  
Istiqomah Istiqomah ◽  
Muhammad Fanhash Nijami
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Wilt ◽  
Ralstonia Solanacearum ◽  
Plaque Assay ◽  
Wilt Disease ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Lower Percentage ◽  
Bacterial Cells ◽  
Horticultural Crops ◽  
Bacterial Wilt Disease ◽  
Bacteriophage Infection

Tomato is the top priority in the development of horticultural crops. The obstacle which mostly encountered is Ralstonia solanacearum pathogen attack. Bacteriophage can cause bacterial lysis after they they develop themselves inside the bacteria. The specific of the bacteriophage can provide result quickly, accurately, and efficiently so that it can be used as an alternative to control bacterial wilt disease R. solanacearum environmentally friendly. This study aims to find out the effectiveness of bacteriophage to control the bacterial wilt disease R. solanacearum. The testing method are plaque assay, bacteriophage infections test in various dilutions, bacteriophage infection test in a liquid medium, and transmission electron microscopy test. In the greenhouse scale testing using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 6 treatments and 4 replications. Quantitative data were analyzed using analysis of variance 5% error level and followed by least significant different  test level of 5%. The results showed that bacteriophages can infect R. solanacearum. Bacteriophage can infect bacteria R. solanacearum indicated by the appearance of plaques in NA media, the declining value of absorbance spectophotometer, and can lyse bacterial cells from dilutions 10-1 to 10-9. The morphology of bacteriophages that infect R. solanacearum have hexagonal head structure and it have which is with a size of 200 nm. In the greenhouse scale showed that the symptoms of R. solanacearum appear at 29 days after inoculation. Application of bacteriophages can control R. solanacearum with lower percentage than the control treatment.

scholarly journals Streptomyces sp.: Characterization, Identification and Its Potential as a Ralstonia solanacearum Biological Control Agent in vitro

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 89-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachmad Saputra ◽  
Triwidodo Arwiyanto ◽  
Arif Wibowo
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Bacterial Wilt ◽  
Ralstonia Solanacearum ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
Wilt Disease ◽  
Molecular Characteristics ◽  
Streptomyces Sp ◽  
Bacterial Wilt Disease ◽  
Wide Range

Streptomyces sp. bacteria have the potential to produce antibiotic compounds, which are one of the mechanisms that are widely used in biological control. However, in general, biological control mechanisms also occur through competition, cell wall degradation and induced resistance. This study was aimed to determine the physiological, biochemical and molecular characteristics of two isolates of Streptomyces sp. (S-4 and S16 isolates) isolated from the tomatoes roots, and to find out their ability to control Ralstonia solanacearum, which causes bacterial wilt disease on a wide range of hosts. The results showed both Streptomyces sp. isolates had several different physiological and biochemical characteristics and had a different ability to inhibit R. solanacearum in vitro. Streptomyces sp. S-16 isolate had a high similarity with Streptomyces diastaticus subsp. ardesiacus strain NRRL B-1773T based on the molecular identification results. Further research needs to be done to see the potential inhibition of the two Streptomyces isolates in inhibiting the development of bacterial wilt disease in tomato plants caused by R. solanacearum.

scholarly journals The plant-based chimeric antimicrobial protein SlP14a-PPC20 protects tomato against bacterial wilt disease caused by Ralstonia solanacearum

Plant Science ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 280 ◽  
pp. 197-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tâmara P. Morais ◽  
Paulo A. Zaini ◽  
Sandeep Chakraborty ◽  
Hossein Gouran ◽  
Camila P. Carvalho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Wilt ◽  
Ralstonia Solanacearum ◽  
Wilt Disease ◽  
Antimicrobial Protein ◽  
Bacterial Wilt Disease

scholarly journals A cbb3-Type Cytochrome C Oxidase Contributes to Ralstonia solanacearum R3bv2 Growth in Microaerobic Environments and to Bacterial Wilt Disease Development in Tomato

2010 ◽  
Vol 23 (8) ◽  
pp. 1042-1052 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Colburn-Clifford ◽  
Caitilyn Allen
Keyword(s):  
Cytochrome C ◽  
Cytochrome C Oxidase ◽  
Bacterial Wilt ◽  
Ralstonia Solanacearum ◽  
Wilt Disease ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Low Oxygen ◽  
Tomato Root ◽  
Bacterial Wilt Disease ◽  
Oxygen Conditions

Ralstonia solanacearum race 3 biovar 2 (R3bv2) is an economically important soilborne plant pathogen that causes bacterial wilt disease by infecting host plant roots and colonizing the xylem vessels. Little is known about R3bv2 behavior in the host rhizosphere and early in bacterial wilt pathogenesis. To explore this part of the disease cycle, we used a novel taxis-based promoter-trapping strategy to identify pathogen genes induced in the plant rhizosphere. This screen identified several rex (root exudate expressed) genes whose promoters were upregulated in the presence of tomato root exudates. One rex gene encodes an assembly protein for a high affinity cbb3-type cytochrome c oxidase (cbb3-cco) that enables respiration in low-oxygen conditions in other bacteria. R3bv2 cbb3-cco gene expression increased under low-oxygen conditions, and a cbb3-cco mutant strain grew more slowly in a microaerobic environment (0.5% O2). Although the cco mutant could still wilt tomato plants, symptom onset was significantly delayed relative to the wild-type parent strain. Further, the cco mutant did not colonize host stems or adhere to roots as effectively as wild type. These results suggest that R3bv2 encounters low-oxygen environments during its interactions with host plants and that the pathogen depends on this oxidase to help it succeed in planta.

Disease Resistance Against a Broad-Host-Range Pathogen

2013 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 32
Author(s):  
Jonathan M. Jacobs ◽  
Caitilyn Allen
Keyword(s):  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Host Range ◽  
Bacterial Wilt ◽  
Ralstonia Solanacearum ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Resistance Breeding ◽  
Wilt Disease ◽  
Family Type ◽  
Broad Host Range ◽  
Bacterial Wilt Disease

The bacterial wilt pathogen Ralstonia solanacearum causes major agricultural losses on many crop hosts worldwide. Resistance breeding is the best way to control bacterial wilt disease, but the biological basis for bacterial wilt resistance is unknown. We found that R. solanacearum uses an AvrE-family, Type III-secreted effector called PopS to overcome plant defenses and cause disease on tomato. Orthologs of PopS are widely conserved across distinct classes of plant pathogenic bacteria and could provide novel, durable targets for resistance. Accepted for publication 25 September 2013. Published 25 November 2013.

scholarly journals Characteristics of Ralstonia solanacearum Strains of Potato Wilt Disease from Nepal and Thailand

1970 ◽  
pp. 42-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shambhu P Dhital ◽  
Nanda Thaveechai ◽  
Sundar K Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Wilt ◽  
Ralstonia Solanacearum ◽  
Hypersensitive Reaction ◽  
Wilt Disease ◽  
Pathogenicity Test ◽  
Serological Tests ◽  
Bacterial Wilt Disease ◽  
Research Journal ◽  
Limited Host Range ◽  
Potato Wilt

Characterization of strains of Ralstonia solanacearum, the causal agent of potato bacterial wilt disease from Nepal and Thailand was performed based on pathogenicity, biochemical/physiological and serological tests. Fifteen R. solanacearum strains isolated from wilt infected potato plants and tubers grown in Nepal were characterized as race 3, biovar II based on the pathogenicity on different host plants, hypersensitive reaction on tobacco leaf and utilization of some sugars. Results of pathogenicity test show that all strains from Nepal had limited host range. Degree of virulence of all strains varied from high to medium in potato and tomato and medium to low in eggplant. They did not cause wilting in tobacco, pepper and peanut plants. Six strains from Thailand were characterized as biovar II and III. Additionally, comparisons on the physiological, biological and serological characters of seven strains from Nepal and six from Thailand revealed similar characters. Race 3 and biovar II of the pathogen was widely spread over potato growing areas of mid and high hills of Nepal. Both biovars II and III were prevalent in the potato growing areas of Thailand but biovar III was the most dominating one.Key words: Bacterial wilt; Potato; Pseudomonas solanacearum; Ralstonia solanacearumDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/narj.v4i0.4868Nepal Agriculture Research Journal Vol. 4&5, 2001/2002Page: 42-47Uploaded date: 9 June, 2011

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