Significant new planetary nebula discoveries as powerful probes of the LMC

AbstractOur discovery and analysis of 452 new planetary nebulae (PNe) in the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) has tripled the number of known LMC PNe, providing a powerful new resource for probing the kinematics of the LMC as well as contributing fresh insight into the PN luminosity function (PNLF) which we now extend to over 10 magnitudes in [O iii] and Hα. These discoveries have resulted from a new, deep (R ≡ 22), high resolution Hα map of the central 25 deg2 of the LMC, achieved by a process of multi-exposure median co-addition of a dozen 2-hour exposures. The resulting map is at least 1 magnitude deeper than the best wide-field narrow-band LMC images currently available and has proven a major resource for the discovery of emission objects of all kinds. As a result, the near complete sample of the PN population in the central 25 deg2 of the LMC has permitted truly meaningful quantitative determinations of the PNLF, distribution, abundances and kinematics. We briefly describe the importance of these PN discoveries, the additional spectroscopic confirmation of >2,000 compact emission sources, flux calibration, the newly derived electron temperatures and electron densities.

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Stanlake Samkange’s Insufferable Zimbabwe: Distanciating Trauma from the Novel to Philosophy

The Cambridge Journal of Postcolonial Literary Inquiry ◽

10.1017/pli.2020.37 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 158-176

Author(s):

Jeanne-Marie Jackson

Keyword(s):

Trauma Theory ◽

The Novel ◽

African Context ◽

Independence Era ◽

The Relationship ◽

Fresh Insight ◽

Insight Into

This article theorizes the Zimbabwean writer Stanlake Samkange’s turn from the novel to philosophy as an effort to circumvent the representational pressure exerted by African cultural traumatization. In breaking with the novel form to coauthor a philosophical treatise called Hunhuism or Ubuntuism in the same year as Zimbabwe achieves independence (1980), Samkange advances a comportment-based, deontological alternative to the psychic or subjective model of personhood that anchors trauma theory. Revisiting the progression from his most achieved novel, The Mourned One, to Hunhuism or Ubuntuism thus offers fresh insight into the range of options available to independence-era writers for representing the relationship between African individuality and collectivity. At the same time, it suggests a complementary and overlooked relationship between novelistic and philosophical forms in an African context.

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Molecular architecture of the endocytic TPLATE complex

Science Advances ◽

10.1126/sciadv.abe7999 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (9) ◽

pp. eabe7999

Author(s):

Klaas Yperman ◽

Jie Wang ◽

Dominique Eeckhout ◽

Joanna Winkler ◽

Lam Dai Vu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Plasma Membrane ◽

Structural Approach ◽

Eukaryotic Cells ◽

Molecular Architecture ◽

Membrane Proteome ◽

Complex Assembly ◽

Membrane Interaction ◽

Structural Insight ◽

Fresh Insight ◽

Insight Into

Eukaryotic cells rely on endocytosis to regulate their plasma membrane proteome and lipidome. Most eukaryotic groups, except fungi and animals, have retained the evolutionary ancient TSET complex as an endocytic regulator. Unlike other coatomer complexes, structural insight into TSET is lacking. Here, we reveal the molecular architecture of plant TSET [TPLATE complex (TPC)] using an integrative structural approach. We identify crucial roles for specific TSET subunits in complex assembly and membrane interaction. Our data therefore generate fresh insight into the differences between the hexameric TSET in Dictyostelium and the octameric TPC in plants. Structural elucidation of this ancient adaptor complex represents the missing piece in the coatomer puzzle and vastly advances our functional as well as evolutionary insight into the process of endocytosis.

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Metachronal waves in magnetic micro-robotic paddles for artificial cilia

Communications Materials ◽

10.1038/s43246-021-00120-7 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Matthew T. Bryan ◽

Elizabeth L. Martin ◽

Aleksandra Pac ◽

Andrew D. Gilbert ◽

Feodor Y. Ogrin

Keyword(s):

Large Scale ◽

Point Of Care ◽

Hydrodynamic Response ◽

Flow Speeds ◽

Break Time ◽

Large Scale Manufacture ◽

Fresh Insight ◽

Metachronal Waves ◽

Insight Into ◽

Phase Differences

AbstractBiological cilia generate fluid movement within viscosity-dominated environments using beating motions that break time-reversal symmetry. This creates a metachronal wave, which enhances flow efficiency. Artificially mimicking this behaviour could improve microfluidic point-of-care devices, since viscosity-dominated fluid dynamics impede fluid flow and mixing of reagents, limiting potential for multiplexing diagnostic tests. However, current biomimicry schemes require either variation in the hydrodynamic response across a cilia array or a complex magnetic anisotropy configuration to synchronise the actuation sequence with the driving field. Here, we show that simple modifications to the structural design introduce phase differences between individual actuators, leading to the spontaneous formation of metachronal waves. This generates flow speeds of up to 16 μm/s as far as 675 μm above the actuator plane. By introducing metachronal waves through lithographic structuring, large scale manufacture becomes feasible. Additionally, by demonstrating that metachronal waves emerge from non-uniformity in internal structural mechanics, we offer fresh insight into the mechanics of cilia coordination.

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A Fresh Insight into Film Morphology Measurement Techniques for Advanced Ulsi Manufacturing

MRS Proceedings ◽

10.1557/proc-309-429 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 309 ◽

Author(s):

Seshadri Ramaswami

Keyword(s):

Grain Size ◽

Integrated Circuit ◽

Measurement Techniques ◽

Film Morphology ◽

Integrated Circuit Fabrication ◽

Circuit Fabrication ◽

Non Destructive ◽

Fresh Insight ◽

Insight Into

AbstractA laser based non-destructive technique has been used to study the morphology of sputterdeposited aluminum alloy films. The data emanating from the Therma-wave Imager that makes use of this principle, has been correlated with reflectivity, grain size and micro-roughness of the film. In addition, through the use of a case study, this paper demonstrates the utility of this application as an in-line monitor in an integrated circuit fabrication line.

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An Annotated Edition of Chaucer Belonging to Stephan Batman

The Library ◽

10.1093/library/22.2.217 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (2) ◽

pp. 217-224

Author(s):

Conor Leahy

Keyword(s):

Sixteenth Century ◽

Reading Practices ◽

Line Drawings ◽

Annotated Edition ◽

Medieval Chronicles ◽

Fresh Insight ◽

Insight Into

Abstract This article introduces a copy of The Woorkes of Geffrey Chaucer (1561) formerly belonging to the writer, cleric, limner, and book-collector Stephan Batman (c. 1542–1584). The volume is currently held at the Guildhall Library (SR 2.3.3), and contains Batman’s annotations and manicules throughout the text. It also features a 28-line poem in Batman’s hand, a short booklist of medieval chronicles, and five line drawings. The book thus offers a fresh insight into the reading practices of one of the most industrious English antiquaries of the sixteenth century, and sheds new light on Chaucer’s sixteenth-century reception.

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Zakir Naik and His Audiences: A Case Study of Srinagar, Kashmir

Journal of Religion Media and Digital Culture ◽

10.1163/21659214-00702004 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. 203-222

Author(s):

Raoof Mir

Keyword(s):

Social Media ◽

Cultural Studies ◽

Jammu And Kashmir ◽

Or Groups ◽

Indian State ◽

Fresh Insight ◽

Insight Into ◽

Religious Worldviews

Most literature on Mumbai-based Muslim tele-Islamicist Zakir Naik offers an organizational, biographical and ideological profile. This approach has concealed the symbolic significance attached to Naik by his audiences. This paper attempts to explore not only who and what Naik is, but how and where he is located. By incorporating ethnographic and cultural studies approaches, this paper offers fresh insight into Naik and his methods of communicating religion. Taking Srinagar, a city in the Indian state of Jammu and Kashmir, as an ethnographic site, this paper explores how Muslim individuals or groups interpret Naik in relation to their religious worldviews. The articulation of Islam by Zakir Naik through media platforms such as television and social media has contributed to a religious trend in Kashmir, in which people have discovered new ways to think about themselves and to participate in discourses about religion that would have been unthinkable a few decades ago.

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Manipulation of the immune response in parasitic infections

Parasitology ◽

10.1017/s0031182000085589 ◽

1984 ◽

Vol 88 (4) ◽

pp. 665-675

Author(s):

J.G. Howard

Keyword(s):

Immune Response ◽

Inbred Mouse ◽

Lymphocyte Subset ◽

Mouse Strains ◽

Parasitic Infections ◽

Research Experience ◽

Relevant Research ◽

Fresh Insight ◽

Insight Into

The following brief survey considers various manoeuvres which can be applied to manipulate the immune response to parasitic infectionsin vivo. The examples quoted largely concern malaria, babesiosis, schistosomiasis and leishmaniasis, predominantly in inbred mouse strains. Since my own relevant research experience has been restricted to leishmaniasis, this will receive undue emphasis, although it does illustrate particularly well points I wish to stress. The types of intervention described do not all provide the precision of interpretation with which they are sometimes credited. Thus, effects of immunosuppression or T-cell depletion alone can usually only implicate the specific immune response (in its broad sense) in shaping the natural history and outcome of an infection or in underlying the effect of prophylactic immunization. Nevertheless, more precise delineation of lymphocyte subset involvement can be obtained by cell replacement studies in some of these models or by exclusion of antibody. The outcomes of these approaches have been (or are) predictable in most cases. More fascinating, however, are the various instances which will be stressed where totally unpredicted and contrary observations have been made which led (or may lead) to fresh insight into the disease. These serendipitous findings illustrate at the same time the value of applying the manoeuvres, even though they imply that the logical immunologist cannot yet always outsmart the parasite by design.

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Comparative studies on glial markers

Journal of Experimental Biology ◽

10.1242/jeb.95.1.167 ◽

1981 ◽

Vol 95 (1) ◽

pp. 167-180

Author(s):

B. I. Roots

Keyword(s):

Manduca Sexta ◽

Comparative Studies ◽

Nervous Tissue ◽

Functional Role ◽

Functional Interactions ◽

Lower Vertebrates ◽

Fresh Insight ◽

Insight Into ◽

Biochemical Differentiation

Macromolecular markers for glial cells have been sought for a variety of reasons. One of the earliest was the need for a means of assessing the purity of cell and subcellular fractions prepared from nervous tissue. While there is still a requirement for this kind of tool, emphasis has shifted towards seeking information on biochemical differentiation among cells and their functional interactions. A brief general review will be made of glial markers and two of these, 2′,3′-cyclic nucleotide 3′-phosphohydrolase (CNP) and glutamine synthetase (GS), will be considered in detail. Until recently studies of markers have been concentrated on the higher vertebrates and those on lower vertebrates and invertebrates have hardly begun. However, such comparative studies may lead to fresh insight into old problems. For example, CNP has long been regarded as a marker for myelin and oligodendrocytes but it has not been possible to attribute a functional role to it and its relation to myelination has remained obscure. The finding that it is present in the glia of a moth Manduca sexta which lacks myelin provides a stimulus for a fresh approach to the problem. Another example is provided by studies on GS. This enzyme is found in astrocyte feet and preliminary results indicate that it is localized also in the perineurial glia of Aplysia ganglia. These results lead to a reconsideration of the perennial question of the possible role of astrocyte feet in barrier mechanisms. Extension of comparative studies may not only raise new questions but also provide some answers.

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