Evaluation of genetic markers for litter size in Meishan synthetic and Large White pigs

1996 ◽  
Vol 1996 ◽  
pp. 18-18
Author(s):  
O.I. Southwood ◽  
S. Hoste ◽  
T.H. Short ◽  
A.J. Mileham ◽  
D. Cuthbert-Heavens
Keyword(s):  
Litter Size ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Oestrogen Receptor ◽  
Mixed Model ◽  
Receptor Gene ◽  
Large White ◽  
Service Type ◽  
Sib Families ◽  
Natural Service ◽  
Size Data

A significant relationship between the oestrogen receptor gene (ESR) and litter size has been detected in USA populations of Large White and a synthetic comprising 50% Meishan (Rothschild et al., 1995). Animals carrying two copies of the favourable allele (B) had an extra pig born per litter than those that did not have the allele. This paper reports on results observed in a UK 50% Meishan synthetic and four UK Large White lines.Litter size data from 50% Meishan synthetic (L93) full-sib females where more than one ESR genotype was segregating. Data were analysed using a mixed model with full relationships and including the fixed effects of season of farrowing, parity, ESR genotype (AA, AB or BB) and service type (AI or natural service). Heritiability and permanent environmental effects for litter size were assumed as 0.09 and 0.11, repectively. A total of 27 full-sib families were represented and included 62 sows and 139 litter records. Hypothesis testing used the option in PEST under a mixed model (Groeneveld et al., 1991).

Evaluation of genetic markers for litter size in Meishan synthetic and Large White pigs

1996 ◽  
Vol 1996 ◽  
pp. 18-18
Author(s):  
O.I. Southwood ◽  
S. Hoste ◽  
T.H. Short ◽  
A.J. Mileham ◽  
D. Cuthbert-Heavens
Keyword(s):  
Litter Size ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Oestrogen Receptor ◽  
Mixed Model ◽  
Receptor Gene ◽  
Large White ◽  
Service Type ◽  
Sib Families ◽  
Natural Service ◽  
Size Data

A significant relationship between the oestrogen receptor gene (ESR) and litter size has been detected in USA populations of Large White and a synthetic comprising 50% Meishan (Rothschild et al., 1995). Animals carrying two copies of the favourable allele (B) had an extra pig born per litter than those that did not have the allele. This paper reports on results observed in a UK 50% Meishan synthetic and four UK Large White lines.Litter size data from 50% Meishan synthetic (L93) full-sib females where more than one ESR genotype was segregating. Data were analysed using a mixed model with full relationships and including the fixed effects of season of farrowing, parity, ESR genotype (AA, AB or BB) and service type (AI or natural service). Heritiability and permanent environmental effects for litter size were assumed as 0.09 and 0.11, repectively. A total of 27 full-sib families were represented and included 62 sows and 139 litter records. Hypothesis testing used the option in PEST under a mixed model (Groeneveld et al., 1991).

scholarly journals Porcine prolactin receptor genotypes and production and reproduction traits in Hungarian Large White and Landrace sows (Brief Report)

2010 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 497-499
Author(s):  
K. Kovacs ◽  
L. Fesus ◽  
A. Zsolnai ◽  
A. Nyiri ◽  
I. Anton
Keyword(s):  
Litter Size ◽  
Receptor Gene ◽  
Mammalian Species ◽  
Prolactin Receptor ◽  
Reproductive Traits ◽  
Pituitary Hormone ◽  
Chromosome 16 ◽  
Large White ◽  
Anterior Pituitary Hormone ◽  
Reproduction Traits

Abstract. Prolactin is an anterior pituitary hormone involved in many endocrine activities and plays and essential role in reproduction. Its receptor (PRLR) was detected in various tissues including brain, ovary, placenta, an uterus in several mammalian species (BOLE-FEYSOT et al. 1998). Reproductive performance of sows is a crutial point in pig production with significant economic importance and may be estimated with the help of markers. Porcine prolactin receptor gene is said to be a candidate genetic marker for reproductive traits. It has been mapped to porcine chromosome 16 (Vincent et al. 1997). There is a C/G SNP in PRLR gene (KMIEC et al. 2001) at the position of 203 (GAN: U96306) which eliminates an AluI cleavage site. The effect of this polymorphism on litter size in various breeds has been estimated (VINCENT et al. 1998, ROTHSCHILD et al. 1998, VAN RENS et al. 2002, KMIEC and TERMAN, 2004, DRÖGEMÜLLER et al. 2001, KORWIN-KOSSAKOWSKA et al. 2003). The influence of the bovine hormone variant was also estimated (RATNA-KUMARI et al. 2008). The aim of the study was to estimate PRLR AluI polymorphism effects on litter size in Hungarian Large White (HLW) and Hungarian Landrace (HL) breeds.

scholarly journals Effect of estrogen receptor, follicle stimulating hormone and myogenin genes on the performance of Large White sows

2008 ◽  
Vol 52 (No. 10) ◽  
pp. 334-340 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Humpolíček ◽  
T. Urban ◽  
V. Matoušek ◽  
Z. Tvrdoň
Keyword(s):  
Estrogen Receptor ◽  
Litter Size ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
Receptor Gene ◽  
Follicle Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Large White ◽  
Meat Content ◽  
Reproduction Traits ◽  
Stimulating Hormone

The study was designed to determine the associations between the Estrogen Receptor Gene (<i>ESR - PvuII</i>), Follicle Stimulating Hormone Gene (<i>FSHB - HaeIII</i>) and Myogenin Gene (<i>MYOG - MspI</i>) with traits characterizing the sow efficiency comprehensively. Concretely, the age of the first conception (AFC), service period (SP), insemination interval (InI), total number of piglets born (TNB), number of piglets born alive (NBA), number of piglets weaned (NW), lean meat content (LMC), backfat thickness (BFT) and average daily gain (ADG) were included in the study. Significant effects of <i>ESR</i> and <i>FSHB</i> genes on litter size (particularly in the second parity) and on reproduction traits were found in the investigated population. The influence of <i>MYOG</i> gene on reproduction traits was observed but there was no effect of this gene on litter size. None of the included genes had an effect on growth traits. The results outline the possible application of the above-mentioned genes in selection of Large White sows.

Evaluation of performance traits in European Meishan pig crosses with varying Oestrogen Receptor (ESR) genotypes

1997 ◽  
Vol 1997 ◽  
pp. 28-28
Author(s):  
O.I. Southwood ◽  
H.A.M. van der Steen
Keyword(s):  
Litter Size ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Oestrogen Receptor ◽  
Large White ◽  
Positive Allele ◽  
Evaluation Of Performance ◽  
Performance Traits ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Meishan Pig ◽  
Esr Gene

A significant relationship between the ESR gene and litter size has been reported for a range of Meishan synthetic and Large White lines (Rothschild et al., 1995). The effect of one copy of the positive (B) allele in a European 50% Chinese Meishan synthetic (L93) was estimated as +0.79 pigs born alive per litter in the first parity (Southwood et al, 1995). It is therefore of interest to incorporate the positive allele into a comercial parent gilt, the growing performance and soundness of these animals also being of importance. The objective of this trial was to evaluate the effect of the ESR gene on growth and performance traits in a commercial type background.

Genetic evaluation of crossbred lamb production. 1. Breed and fixed effects for birth and weaning weight of first-cross lambs, gestation length, and reproduction of base ewes

2005 ◽  
Vol 56 (5) ◽  
pp. 443 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. M. Fogarty ◽  
V. M. Ingham ◽  
A. R. Gilmour ◽  
L. J. Cummins ◽  
G. M. Gaunt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Litter Size ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Mixed Model ◽  
Genetic Evaluation ◽  
Gestation Length ◽  
Production Traits ◽  
Weaning Weight ◽  
Frozen Semen ◽  
Lamb Survival ◽  
Sire Breed

This is the first paper in a series that reports on a national maternal sire central progeny test program (MCPT) to evaluate the genetic variation for economically important production traits in first- and second-cross progeny of maternal and dual purpose (meat and wool) sires and the scope for genetic improvement. The MCPT program also provides direct linkages between breeds that will contribute information for across-breed genetic evaluation. Crossbred progeny by 91 sires from more than 7 maternal breeds (including Border Leicester, East Friesian, Finnsheep, Coopworth, White Suffolk, Corriedale, and Booroola Leicester) at 3 sites over 3 years with 3 link sires in common at each site and year were evaluated in this study. National estimated breeding values for the sires that were entered by industry breeders indicated that there was some selection for weight, but not other traits and the sires were generally representative of the maternal genetics available to the industry. There were 8377 base Merino and Corriedale ewes artificially inseminated with thawed-frozen semen from the 91 sires and 8193 crossbred lambs born and 6117 lambs weaned. Mixed model analyses of birth and weaning weight, lamb survival, and gestation length as well as fertility, litter size, and lamb weaning rate of the base ewes are reported. Sire breed was significant for birth weight (with a range of 4.0–4.4 kg at an average litter size of 1.8) and weaning weight (19.6–22.5 kg), as well as lamb survival (70–79%) and gestation length (147.1–150.3 days). Birth/rearing type was significant for all traits. Males were significantly heavier than females at birth and weaning, although there was no sex difference for lamb survival or gestation length when birthweight was included in the model. Pregnancy rate from the artificially inseminated base ewes varied from 40 to 84% at the 3 locations in the various years. Sire breed was significant for the number of lambs weaned per ewe lambing, but not for fetal number or litter size born. There were also significant differences in performance due to the source of the base ewes at each site.

Seasonal reproductive performance of crossbred ewes in intensive lamb-production systems

2014 ◽  
Vol 54 (6) ◽  
pp. 791 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. M. Fogarty ◽  
J. G. Mulholland
Keyword(s):  
Litter Size ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Mixed Model ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Seasonal Effect ◽  
Wagga Wagga ◽  
Reproduction Traits ◽  
Season Interaction

The lambing performance of 1179 crossbred ewes with 5540 joining records in three seasons (autumn, winter and spring) at two sites (Cowra and Wagga Wagga) was evaluated in three lamb-production systems (spring joining with autumn backup matings at both locations, with accelerated lambing at Cowra or annual autumn joining at Wagga Wagga) over 4 years. Two genotypes of ewes, Border Leicester × Merino (BLM) and Hyfer (Dorset × Merino composite), were used at both sites, with natural matings to Dorset, Suffolk or Hyfer rams. The following five traits were analysed separately at each site to evaluate ewe lambing performance: fertility, litter size, lambs born (per ewe joined), lambs weaned (per ewe joined) and weight of lamb weaned (per ewe joined). The mixed model included fixed effects for season of joining, ewe breed, ram group, ewe prejoining weight (spline) and their interactions, with ewe fitted as a random effect. The autumn (February) joinings had higher ewe fertility, litter size and overall lamb production than did joinings in spring (October and November), with winter (June) being intermediate. At the autumn joinings, the BLM ewes had higher fertility, lambs weaned and weight of lamb weaned than did the Hyfer ewes, although this was reversed at the spring joinings, causing significant season × ewe breed interactions. While litter size was larger in the autumn than in the spring for both breeds there was a much smaller seasonal effect among the Hyfer than BLM ewes. Prejoining ewe weight had a significant effect on all reproduction traits, with generally a curvilinear response with increasing weight. The interactions of weight with season × ewe breed were significant (P < 0.001) for all traits at Cowra and most traits at Wagga Wagga. Ram group was significant (P < 0.05) for most traits, with ewes joined to Hyfer rams having higher fertility than those joined to Suffolk. and with Dorset rams being intermediate. At Wagga Wagga, this was the case for spring joinings, but there was no difference between the ram groups in autumn, causing a significant ram × season interaction (P < 0.001). Ewe repeatability ranged from 0.15 to 0.25 for all traits. Using suitable breeds or genotypes, together with optimising management, could improve out-of-season lamb production.

scholarly journals Missense mutations in exon 2 of the porcine leptin receptor gene and their associations with litter size and body weight

2009 ◽  
Vol 54 (No. 5) ◽  
pp. 210-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Sun ◽  
L. Wang ◽  
D.F. Jiang ◽  
B. Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Litter Size ◽  
Leptin Receptor ◽  
Receptor Gene ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Gene Marker ◽  
Missense Mutations ◽  
Production Traits ◽  
Large White ◽  
Exon 2

Leptin receptor (<I>LEPR</I>) gene is regarded as a “candidate-gene” of production traits. The aims of this study were to detect polymorphisms of exon 2 within <I>LEPR</I> gene and to investigate their associations with production traits, litter size and live weight in Luchuan and Large White pig breeds. For this purpose, the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of exon 2 within <I>LEPR</I> were detected using the PCR-SSCP procedure and their association with litter size and live weight was also analysed in Luchuan (<I>n</I> = 446) and Large White pigs (<I>n</I> = 405). The results showed that the C155T mutation was found in exon 2 of porcine <I>LEPR</I> gene in analyzed populations, which caused a missense mutation (Met to Thr). The different genotypes of this locus had the effects on total number of piglets born, born alive of the first (1<sup>st</sup>) and the first to the fourth (1<sup>st</sup>–4<sup>th</sup>) litters. The individuals with allele <I>A</I> had a higher number of total piglets born and a higher number of born alive piglets in the first litter (<I>P</I> < 0.05) while the differences in birth weight, weaning weight and average daily gain were not significant among different genotypes of this locus in analyzed populations. It implies that the exon 2 (Thr/Met) mutation of <I>LEPR</I> gene is a potential gene marker of pig reproduction. Therefore, it can be used in the marker-assisted selection (MAS) of pig breeding work.

Oestrogen receptor genotypes and litter size in Hungarian Large White pigs

2005 ◽  
Vol 122 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Horogh ◽  
A. Zsolnai ◽  
I. Komlosi ◽  
A. Nyiri ◽  
I. Anton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Litter Size ◽  
Oestrogen Receptor ◽  
Large White

scholarly journals 20 Vaginal microbiome composition is associated with sow longevity

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_4) ◽  
pp. 23-24
Author(s):  
José Braccini Neto ◽  
Leticia P Sanglard ◽  
Stephan Schmitz-Esser ◽  
Kent A Gray ◽  
Daniel C Linhares ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Mixed Model ◽  
Negative Binomial ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Predictive Ability ◽  
Operational Taxonomic Unit ◽  
Vaginal Microbiome ◽  
Large White ◽  
Microbiome Composition ◽  
Canonical Variables

Abstract The vaginal microbiome of gilts vaccinated for porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) has been previously associated with first-parity reproductive performance in absence of PRRS outbreak. However, associations using multiparous sows have not been investigated. The objective of this study was to associate the vaginal microbiota of PRRS-vaccinated gilts with longevity. Vaginal swabs from 251 commercial F1 gilts (Landrace/Large-White) were collected on days 4 and 52 after PRRS vaccination (dpv) for 16S rRNA sequencing. Sequences were clustered into operational taxonomic unit (OTU). Sows were assigned to one of four groups according to the maximum parity reached (number of animals): without parity (13), first-parity (45), second-parity (47), and 3 or more parities (146). A negative binomial mixed model including fixed effects of group, dpv, group*dpv, and collection age (covariate), and random effect of animal, was used to identify OTUs with differential abundance. The false discovery rate method was used for multiple test correction. Canonical discriminant analysis (CDA) was performed to classify animals into the four parity groups by including significant OTUs in stepwise selection (P &lt; 0.05) using the whole data. A leave-one-out-cross-validation was used to assess the predictive ability of OTUs to correctly classify animals into the parity groups. Abundance of five and four OTUs was associated (q &lt; 0.05) with group and with group*dpv (q &lt; 0.05), respectively. In the CDA analysis, 220 OTUs identified in the vaginal microbiome were included (P &lt; 0.05). The first and second canonical variables explained 96.6 and 3.4% of the variation, respectively. All animals were correctly classified into their respective parity groups. This study indicates that the vaginal microbiome composition of gilts collected after PRRS-vaccination may be used to predict longevity in commercial sow herds. This study was financed in part by the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior – Brazil (Capes) – Finance Code 001.

scholarly journals Assessment of Piglet Vitality by Farmers—Validation of A Scoring Scheme and Estimation of Associated Genetic Parameters

Animals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katharina Schodl ◽  
Regine Revermann ◽  
Christoph Winckler ◽  
Birgit Fuerst-Waltl ◽  
Christine Leeb ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Genetic Analysis ◽  
Litter Size ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Mixed Model ◽  
Linear Mixed Model ◽  
Large White ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Piglet Mortality ◽  
On Farm

Maternal breeds for sows have been bred for high prolificacy during recent decades. Although large litters may be beneficial for economic efficiency, pre-weaning mortality is increased. Thus, focus should instead be put on new traits such as piglet vitality (PV). Until now, no validated scoring scheme for piglet vitality exists, which is feasible to be applied for routine on-farm trait recording. The objective of this study was to validate a four-point vitality scoring scheme (1 = low vitality to 4 = high vitality) applied by farmers based on pre-weaning mortality and to estimate genetic parameters. A linear mixed model was fitted for piglet vitality for 3172 litters from Large White and Landrace sows on 23 farms and correlations were calculated for vitality score and piglet mortality. A subsample of 2900 records was used for genetic analysis. Pre-weaning mortality differed significantly between all vitality score categories except for 1 and 2, ranging between 7.98% (category 4) and 29.1% (category 1). PV was genetically negatively correlated to litter size (−0.68) and mortality rate (−0.65), whereas litter size was positively correlated with mortality rate (0.59). Including PV into breeding programs may, thus, improve animal welfare.

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