scholarly journals The Role of Experts in Assessing Damages – A Law and Economics Account

2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 376-396 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Faure ◽  
Louis Visscher
Keyword(s):  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Damage Assessment ◽  
Law And Economics ◽  
Economic Loss ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Personal Injury ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
Pure Economic Loss ◽  
Potential Problems

In this contribution we focus on the role of experts in the assessment of tort damages from an economic point of view. We distinguish two different aspects.First, we examine the role which economists might play in assessing damages in tort cases. This approach focuses on the insights that Law and Economics provides regarding the correct assessment of damages. We pay specific attention to two problematic forms of losses where economic insights may play an important role: pure economic loss and personal injury damage (both loss of income and compensation for immaterial losses due to fatal and non-fatal accidents).Second, we investigate from a Law and Economics point of view the role of experts in general (not only economists) in the assessment of damages. We discuss i.a. the question why experts may be involved in the assessment of damages, the potential problems (and the possible solutions) when using experts, and differences between party appointed experts and court appointed experts.It turns out that the economic analysis can provide a different, insightful viewpoint in some respects, such as the fact that market based mechanisms may help to provide incentives to party appointed experts to provide an accurate and objective damage assessment.

Of Law and Economics and Economic Analysis of Law: The Role of the Lawyer

Global Jurist ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Guido Calabresi
Keyword(s):  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Law And Economics ◽  
Economic Analysis Of Law ◽  
Yale University ◽  
The Future

Abstract This is the first chapter of The Future of Law and Economics: Essays in Reform and Recollection by Guido Calabresi, first published by Yale University Press in 2016.

scholarly journals Infrastructure development in Africa’s regions: investment trends and challenges

2021 ◽  
Vol 295 ◽  
pp. 01029
Author(s):  
Alina Ibragimova ◽  
Yan Wang ◽  
Michail Ivanov
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Production Function ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Economic Downturn ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Social Infrastructure ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
Industrial Sectors

The purpose of this work is to provide information on the development of the infrastructure of the African economy. The study provides statistics on African regions and industries. This article focuses on the forms of economic and social infrastructure, and directs to determine the share development infrastructural in Africa. The Africa has entered an era of devastating change this study shows that with the unfolding economic downturn in the northern economies that have traditionally dominated the global economy. The article provides empirical evidence on how the industrial sectors developed from an economic point of view. The authors believe that infrastructure affects output and productivity directly as a contribution to the production function of other sectors and as part of GDP formation. The article discusses the development of infrastructure for the period 1999-2019 without more detailed dynamics. It also does not explain the main topics developed by the authors. The work provides knowledge on how investments are developing in Africa, how industries have developed, and what is the role of each infrastructure sector in this development. It also shows how different areas of infrastructure work with different successes in creating new paths in the African economy.

scholarly journals Work organization and economic analysis of the postharvest of an unique Hungarian product

2006 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Á. Ferencz ◽  
M. Nótári
Keyword(s):  
Economic Evaluation ◽  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Work Organization ◽  
Great Plain ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
Plain Region ◽  
Main Activity ◽  
Break Even Point ◽  
And Storage

We have viewed a business in the south of the Great Plain Region from an economic point of view in 2004-2005. The main activity there is pear growing and storage. Four varieties of different time of ripening and storing are grown there. We have measured all the relevant activities, worked out a local normative and prepared a detailed technology. The economic evaluation was based on this data. Activities, like disinfection, pre-storage disinfection and selection, in-storing and out-storing, classification after storage, packaging, as well as loading trucks, were monitored by variety. Storage loss was determined and widely varied according to varieties, length of storage and time of out-storing. Different varieties resulted in different quality classes after storage. Price depended on the quality classes. Economic evaluation was carried out when all the relevant costs and revenues were known. Fixed and variable costs of storage were determined, break-even point was calculate and the market position of the product was evaluated.

scholarly journals Performance of Drought Tolerant Rice Varieties in Malkangiri District of South Eastern Ghat Zone of Odisha

2020 ◽  
pp. 157-162
Author(s):  
A. K. Rai ◽  
S. R. Dash ◽  
N Behera ◽  
T. K Behera ◽  
H Das
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Rice Variety ◽  
Economic Loss ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
Eastern Ghat ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Drought Tolerant

Drought is the major problem in India and occurrence at the time of critical growth stages, reduce crop yield significantly. The National Rice Research Institute, Cuttak, Odisha has developed so many drought tolerance rice varieties to reduce the economic loss due to drought. Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Malkangiri introduced NRRI released two rice varieties i.e. Sahbhagi Dhan and Satyabhama at framers' field to evaluate the performance of these drought tolerant varieties in South Eastern Ghat Zone of Odisha. The highest plant height was observed with the rice variety Satyabhama (104.1 cm). But, overall performance of Sahbhagi Dhan was better as compare to Satyabhama and local check verity (Khandagiri). Sahbhagi Dhan gave highest yield of 36.5 q/ha, which was statistically differed from others. Correlations study for Sahbhagi Dhan was assessed and observed the positive correlation for grain yield with all studied characters except plant height. For economic point of view, Sahbhagi Dhan recorded highest net return of Rs.19, 925/- per ha along with B:C ratio of 1.6 as compared to the rest two varieties.

7. Special duty problems: economic loss

2021 ◽  
pp. 188-216
Author(s):  
Kirsty Horsey ◽  
Erika Rackley
Keyword(s):  
Economic Loss ◽  
Personal Injury ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Duty Of Care ◽  
Financial Loss ◽  
Exclusionary Rule ◽  
Pure Economic Loss ◽  
District Council ◽  
Secondary Consequence ◽  
Special Duty

This chapter explains when and how the courts have found that a duty of care should be owed by defendants for purely economic loss. This differs from ‘consequential’ economic loss, where financial loss is suffered as a secondary consequence of another harm, such as personal injury or property damage. The tort of negligence distinguishes between these, using duty of care as a device to control whether and when claimants will be able to recover their pure economic losses. The discussions cover the meaning of ‘pure’ economic loss; exceptions to the exclusionary rule; claims for pure economic loss in negligence before Murphy v Brentwood District Council [1990]; and extended applications of the principles established in Hedley Byrne v Heller [1963].

scholarly journals Influence of strategic points in the dispersion of Aedes aegypti in infested areas

2019 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerson Laurindo Barbosa ◽  
Mariana De Oliveira Lage ◽  
Valmir Roberto Andrade ◽  
Antônio Henrique Alves Gomes ◽  
Jose Alberto Quintanilha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Spatial Statistics ◽  
Random Distribution ◽  
Control Program ◽  
Control Area ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
Breeding Sites ◽  
Vector Control Program

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether sites with large amount of potential breeding sites for immature forms of Aedes aegypti, called strategic points, influence in the active vector’s dispersion into properties in their surroundings. METHODS: We selected four areas in the municipality of Campinas, three of them with strategic points classified as high, moderate, and low risk according to infestation and a control area, without strategic points. Between October 2015 and September 2016, we monthly installed oviposition traps and evaluated the infestation by Ae. aegypti in all properties of each selected area. To verify if there was vector dispersion from each strategic point, based on its location, we investigated the formation of clusters with excess of eggs or larvae or pupae containers, using the Gi spatial statistics. RESULTS: The amount of eggs collected in the ovitraps and the number of positive containers for Ae. aegypti did not show clusters of high values concerning its distance from the strategic point. Both presented random distribution not spatially associated with the positioning of strategic points in the area. CONCLUSIONS: Strategic points are not confirmed as responsible for the vector’s dispersion for properties in their surroundings. We highlight the importance of reviewing the current strategy of the vector control program in Brazil, seeking a balance from the technical, operational, and economic point of view, without disregarding the role of strategic points as major producers of mosquitoes and their importance in the dissemination of arboviruses in periods of transmission.

Comparative Law and Economic Analysis of Law

2019 ◽  
pp. 825-851 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florian Faust
Keyword(s):  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Subject Matter ◽  
Law And Economics ◽  
Comparative Law ◽  
Case Law ◽  
The Other ◽  
Economic Analysis Of Law ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Relationship

This chapter discusses the relationship between comparative law and economic analysis of law. After providing an overview of the characteristics of the economic analysis of law, it explains how one of the two disciplines can operate as an ancillary discipline to the other; this has been termed ‘Comparative Law and Economics’. The next section describes how comparative law and economic analysis of law can be brought together by making one discipline the subject matter of the other. It suggests that the role of economic analysis of law may be greater in case law systems than in codified systems and that this role may vary according to the subject of legislation. The section concludes with considerations on the role comparative law plays and should play in different contexts. Finally, it is argued that comparative law and economics should not be considered a discipline on its own.

Significance of the European corn borer (Ostrinia nubilalis Hübn.) in maize production

2002 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 447-461 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Szőke ◽  
Z. Zsubori ◽  
I Pók ◽  
F. Rácz ◽  
O. Illés ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ostrinia Nubilalis ◽  
European Corn Borer ◽  
Economic Loss ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
Maize Production ◽  
Corn Borer ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
Direct Damage ◽  
Important Pest

The European corn borer (Ostrinia nubilalis Hübn.), which is to be found almost universally in Europe and America, is an extremely important pest from the economic point of view. Losses caused by the pest range from 250-1000 kg/ha depending on the degree of infestation, the year and the yield averages. This fact justifies protection measures in Hungary on the whole of the seed production and sweetcorn fields and on 40% of the commercial maize sowing area. In addition to the direct damage, indirect losses are also considerable, since the injuries caused by the pest facilitate infection by Fusarium species. For the above reasons it is worth reviewing the habits of this pest, the extent of the economic loss resulting from the damage, and ways of controlling it.

scholarly journals Patients’ empowerment and the role of patients’ education

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Navarro
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Plain Language ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
Health Decision Making ◽  
Health Decision ◽  
Access Information ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
And Training ◽  
Educational Aspect

Society has changed dramatically in recent decades not only from the demographic, social and economic point of view, but also from the educational aspect. The current population has higher levels of education than in previous times and can access information in a relatively easy way. In addition, the relationship between the healthcare professional and the patient has evolved from the paternalistic medicine to a more informed and participatory patient-provider relationship. Patient participation and empowerment in the health decision-making process means that the patient has the opportunity to share his/her opinion, knowledge, experience and expectations with other patients, as well as with the health professionals in order to make informed decisions. With this evolution of the role of the patient in the current society, patients have asked for multidisciplinary and coordinated work among professionals to respond to their needs for diagnosis, control and treatment. Patient's participation and empowerment can be conducted both, in the management of the disease, as well as helping to improve different aspects of health services. Participation and empowerment also mean representing other patients. In all cases, patients’ education and training, using clear and plain language, and patients’ confidence play a pivotal role. The aim of this review is to present a summary of the scope of the situation regarding patients’ empowerment and education.

scholarly journals An Economic Assessment of the Contributions of 5G into the Railways and Energy Sectors

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Nunes Corujo ◽  
José Quevedo ◽  
Rui Aguiar ◽  
Paulo Paixão ◽  
Hugo Martins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Economic Assessment ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Use Cases ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
Railroad Transportation ◽  
5G Technologies

Abstract This paper presents an economical assessment of the benefits of introducing 5G technologies into pilot use cases pertaining to the railroad transportation and energy sectors. For each of the pilots, undergone by EFACEC Engenharia e Sistemas and EFACEC Energia, respectively, under the scope of the H2020 5Growth project, evaluates the expenditure and benefits expected from introducing 5G capabilities over their on-going operations. This evaluation is expressed regarding the Portugal case, and are also scaled to assess the European-wide case. The main objective of the study summarized in this paper is to understand if solutions proposed by the H2020 5Growth project, and 5G as a whole, are also advantageous from an economic point of view. The results of the techno-economic analysis reported in this paper show, on a European scale, millions of euros saved by the different stakeholders involved in the deployment of 5G solutions.

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