Brexit: An End to the End of History

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (S1) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Matej Avbelj
Keyword(s):  
Ad Hoc ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Short Term ◽  
The West ◽  
The Rule Of Law ◽  
End Of History ◽  
Illiberal Democracy ◽  
Post War ◽  
The Eu

Britain has voted to withdraw from the European Union. This is a victory. For European populists. For Putin's Russia. As well as for the new world system of governance, what Victor Orban has called “illiberal democracy.” The era of the modern West, in the form that emerged out of the ashes of the WWII, is coming to an end. The West alone is to be blamed for that. As it has been hit by one crisis after the other, the West has continued to merely scratch the surface in looking for ad hoc, immediate, and almost exclusively economic solutions. The emphasis is always on the symptoms but never on the disease. In so doing, the West has turned a blind eye on a process of deep, internal transformation. The post-Brexit debate that will ensue in the following days and months will most likely stay faithful to this legacy. The discussion will remain superficial, preoccupied with economic and political questions, limited to the short-term quests of reorganizing the EU in pursuit of its long-term viability. But I want to insist that the challenge is much bigger than the future of the EU. It is about the preservation of the West, understood here as a synonym for liberal democracy and the commitment to the rule of law. We are confronted with the difficult—even terrifying question: How are we to build a new modernity on the debris of the modern post-war West in order to avoid repeating the bitter historical experiences of the pre-war Europe.

Italy's politics without policy: Balancing Atlanticism and Europeanism in the Middle East

Modern Italy ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raffaella A. Del Sarto ◽  
Nathalie Tocci
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Middle East ◽  
The United States ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Short Term ◽  
The Government ◽  
Specific Interests ◽  
Policy Shifts ◽  
The Eu

Focusing on Italy's Middle East policies under the second Berlusconi (2001–2006) and the second Prodi (2006–2008) governments, this article assesses the manner and extent to which the observed foreign policy shifts between the two governments can be explained in terms of the rebalancing between a ‘Europeanist’ and a transatlantic orientation. Arguing that Rome's policy towards the Middle East hinges less on Italy's specific interests and objectives in the region and more on whether the preference of the government in power is to foster closer ties to the United States or concentrate on the European Union, the analysis highlights how these swings of the pendulum along the EU–US axis are inextricably linked to a number of underlying structural weaknesses of Rome's foreign policy. In particular, the oscillations can be explained by the prevalence of short-term political (and domestic) considerations and the absence of long-term, substantive political strategies, or, in short, by the phenomenon of ‘politics without policy’ that often characterises Italy's foreign policy.

scholarly journals Pandemics, Climate and Public Finance

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefano Battiston ◽  
Monica Billio ◽  
Irene Monasterolo
Keyword(s):  
Financial Stability ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Economic Resilience ◽  
Taxation Policy ◽  
Containment Measures ◽  
Socio Economic Impact ◽  
Business As Usual ◽  
The Eu

The outbreak of COVID-19 and the containment measures are having an unprecedented socio-economic impact in the European Union (EU) and elsewhere. The policies introduced so far in the EU countries promote a ‘business as usual’ economic recovery. This short-term strategy may jeopardise the mid-to-long-term sustainability and financial stability objectives. In contrast, strengthening the socio-economic resilience against future pandemics, as well as other shocks, calls for recovery measures that are fully aligned to the objectives of the EU Green Deal and of the EU corporate taxation policy. Tackling these long-term objectives is not more costly than funding the current short-term measures. Remarkably, it may be the only way to build resilience to future crises.

scholarly journals Conceptions regarding sustainable agriculture – the national sustainable development strategy

2006 ◽  
pp. 42-51
Author(s):  
Andrea Gáthy
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Sustainable Agriculture ◽  
Development Strategy ◽  
Agricultural Policy ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
The Eu

The task of the national sustainable development strategy is to provide a long term conception for the economy and society, so that this might function and develop in harmony with the environment. Creating the conditions for sustainable agricultural production requires the elaboration and implementation of long-term programs spanning generations. The objective is to find a compromise between the conceptions appearing in the long-term and the short-term programs.In Hungary, several principles, conceptions and proposals have been suggested regarding sustainable agriculture. In the present study, I intend to systematize the above mentioned principles and conceptions, and compare them to the conceptions regarding agriculture in the national strategies of the EU member states. Furthermore, I examine to what extent the agricultural policy of the European Union supports the conceptions regarding agriculture in the strategies. This topic deserves special attention, as the Hungarian national sustainable development strategy is being prepared and is supposed to be finished by the end of 2005.

International Legal Cooperation between Kosovo and Other States and Organizations

2018 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 314-330
Author(s):  
Hajredin Kuçi
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Rule Of Law ◽  
International Organizations ◽  
Union Member ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The Rule Of Law ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Post War ◽  
European Union Member States

Building a rule-of-law-based democracy is a challenge for post-communist and post-war societies. Rule of law is a priority for these societies and also one of the membership criteria required by international organizations, in particular the European Union. As such, an aspiring country like Kosovo has to face the challenge of building a legal system that is compatible with that of the European Union member states while also developing its legal cooperation with other countries. Through international legal cooperation, countries strengthen the fight against criminal actions that are punishable in all modern states and also exchange experience in combating cross-border crime, trafficking, corruption, terrorism, and other violations of criminal law. In this regard, Kosovo faces many challenges in the field of international legal cooperation, not only with regard to those missions operating in Kosovo itself (such as EULEX, UNMIK, etc.), but also with other international organizations, especially due to Kosovo’s lack of membership in them. Another challenge is cooperation with countries that have not yet recognized Kosovo as a state. This article emphasizes the efforts made by Kosovo’s institutions to engage in international legal cooperation as one of the prerequisites for building the rule of law at home. The main issues tackled in the article are how these problems are addressed in practice, which obstacles arise, what the ad hoc means are of engaging in international legal cooperation, and what the specificities and prospects are for Kosovo’s international legal cooperation. As such, the aim of the article is to examine some of the legal peculiarities and uncertainties that have been created over the years as the result of limitations on Kosovo’s international personality and to consider innovative means to ensure Kosovo’s legal cooperation with other countries.

scholarly journals Cross-Border Cooperation as a Constituent of the Regional Development of the Czech-Bavarian Borderland

Geografie ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 106 (4) ◽  
pp. 270-279
Author(s):  
Jaroslav Dokoupil
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Regional Development ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Short Term ◽  
The West ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
West Bohemia ◽  
Cross Border Cooperation

The article presents the development of the Czech-Bavarian borderland as a comparison of the preliminary results of the 2001 people, flats and houses census with the 1991 one. The mentioned comparison shows a certain revival in the West Bohemia borderland. Short-term features based on substantial changes of the situation are still prevailing within this revival. From the long-term point of view and in connection with the Czech Republic's preparation for the entry to the European Union, the development of the borderland region is not sufficient.

scholarly journals Tackling distribution-related shortages of medicines: An Italian case study evaluated in the European Union framework

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 239920261985685 ◽  
Author(s):  
Domenico Di Giorgio ◽  
Giuseppe Scrofina ◽  
Barbara Scognamiglio ◽  
Nadia Di Carluccio ◽  
Romina Tulimiero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Short Term ◽  
European Regulation ◽  
Italian Case ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Definition Of

Availability of human medicines is affected by problems associated with both manufacturing and distribution-related issues. The lack of definition of “shortages” or “unavailability” of medicines in European regulation represents an obstacle to the set up of proper preventive and counteracting measures. In this review, we describe how, within this framework, Italy started a program of shared activities, involving central and local authorities, police forces, and private stakeholders’ associations through an “ ad hoc technical forum,” that reduced the extent of the problem, at least in the short term, as demonstrated through some indicators defined by considering the key medicines affected by unavailability due to distribution-related issues. These measures should be strengthened and complemented with others so as to ensure their effectiveness in the long term.

The end goal of the post-communist transition in Bulgaria: societal transformation or EU membership?

2020 ◽  
pp. 79-94
Author(s):  
Lubomira Popova
Keyword(s):  
Eastern European ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Societal Transformation ◽  
The Rule Of Law ◽  
Existing Problems ◽  
Eu Membership ◽  
Eastern European Countries ◽  
The Cold War ◽  
The Eu

The end of the Cold War resulted in an unprecedented geopolitical situation in Europe, presenting a challenge to the security in the continent and the integration achieved so far. The only solution to this geopolitical problem was the integration of the post-communist Central and Eastern European countries (CEE) into the European Union (EU). The CEE countries therefore had to undergo deep societal reforms, while simultaneously pursuing a new foreign policy agenda away from the orbits of Russia. The EU was perceived as a solution to all existing problems. The results of the research conducted in Bulgaria, presented in this article, demonstrate that preparation for meeting the membership criteria which on the surface seemed to correspond to the aims of the transition, substituted the due structural reform. Thus, the EU accession instead of being an instrument for achieving sustainable long-term goals, became an end goal in itself, as if it would be an international testimony of a successful transition. The reforms carried out became a formality, were partial and superficial, and therefore reversible. As a result, the rule of law is deteriorating, and we can observe a facade democracy.

scholarly journals MIGRATION CRISIS IN THE EU: IS THE PEAK PASSED?

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 31-37
Author(s):  
Olga Potemkina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Asylum Seekers ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
External Pressure ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Potential Threat ◽  
Migration Crisis ◽  
The Eu

The article analyses the prospects of a new migration crisis in the European Union. Referring the statistics of displaced persons within Afghanistan and the neighboring countries, the author predicts potential threat of an emergency migration influx to Europe. The factors are proposed that can cause a significant outflow of population from the country, but at the same time obstacles preventing a large number of Afghan asylum seekers from reaching the borders of the European Union: external pressure on the Taliban government to maintain control over emigration, remoteness from Europe and the excessive cost of travel, EU measures to strengthen the external border. The author concludes that there is a small probability of new large-scale migration crisis in the short term but does not exclude it in the long term if the plans of the European Union and the international community to assign responsibility for Afghan refugees to neighboring countries are not implemented. In the meantime, the author notes, the plans of the European Union are criticized by both MEPs and human rights.

scholarly journals Internationalization of Oman Fisheries Firms After the European Union Ban

2004 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
L. Zaibet ◽  
H. Boughanmi ◽  
A. AI-Marshudi ◽  
T. AI-Hinai
Keyword(s):  
International Markets ◽  
Strategic Thinking ◽  
Marketing Strategies ◽  
Government Support ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Safety Control ◽  
European Markets ◽  
The Eu

This paper examines the impacts of the l998 ban on Oman fish exports to the EU markets and ensuing the internationalization of Oman fish companies. The ban raises two concerns that the paper intends to answer: (i) how firms have responded to surmount the ban, and (ii) which strategies are more effective in the process of internationalization. The paper distinguishes three sets of actions: during the ban and immediate actions; short term actions; and long term actions. Besides government support for the implementation of international norms of quality and safety control, firms have responded individually to the EU ban. The actions subsequently undertaken by firms in response to the ban were selected: identification of new markets (alternatives); implementation of the required regulations and needed support to continue exporting to traditional European markets (competence); and long term business and marketing strategies (strategic thinking). These actions or steps represent the internationalization process or approach followed by the fisheries firms in Oman. All these actions have been undertaken after the EU ban, which leads to the conclusion that the ban has indeed worked as a driving force to internationalize, i.e. to develop the requisites of international markets.  

scholarly journals The influence of national culture on the compensation system in selected countries

2021 ◽  
pp. 3-20
Author(s):  
Dimitrije Gašić
Keyword(s):  
National Culture ◽  
Compensation System ◽  
Business Success ◽  
Incentive Pay ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Short Term ◽  
The World ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Eu

The escalating pace of globalization affects the increased need of organizations to develop effective compensation programs. Business cannot be imagined without one of the key things and that is human resources. Creative and productive employees are of great importance for the success of any organization. For the satisfaction and loyalty of employees, the compensation system, which consists of basic pay, incentive pay, and benefits, is of key importance. The goal of the compensation system is to simultaneously ensure the main goals of employees and employers, i.e. the purchasing power and satisfaction of employees, as well as the business success of the company. In times of crisis, determining the amount of basic pay, selecting adequate incentives, and offering various benefits became especially important. The aim of this paper is to present the basic elements of the compensation system in twenty countries around the world and to analyze the impact of national culture on the compensation system. The paper will present the following dimensions of national culture according to Hofstede's classification: distance from power, individualism versus collectivism, male versus female cultures, avoidance of uncertainty, long-term versus short-term orientation, compliant versus restrained cultures. The analysis included twenty countries around the world, which are grouped as follows: the first 8 countries are members of the EU, the other 6 countries are located in the CEE region and the last 6 countries represent very important countries around the world. The paper determines the influence of the dimensions of national culture on the compensation system in selected countries from the European Union, the region of Central and Eastern Europe, and other countries, the paper is the basis for further research in this area.

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