scholarly journals Hubris and Humility Effect and the Domain-Masculine Intelligence Type in Two Countries: Colombia and the UK

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josephine Storek ◽  
Adrian Furnham
Keyword(s):  
Sample Size ◽  
Exploratory Study ◽  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Sex Role ◽  
Cultural Issues ◽  
Spanish Speaking ◽  
Masculinity And Femininity ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
The Uk

AbstractSpanish-speaking Colombian (n = 50) and English-speaking British (N = 52) adults completed a self-assessed intelligence measure that yielded a score on domain-masculine intelligence (DMIQ), a composite of mathematical/logical and spatial intelligences. They also completed a Sex Role inventory in order to establish their masculinity and femininity. Males in both countries gave significantly higher self-estimates (Colombia: Males 110.36, Females 100.75, d = .94; England: Males 114.37, Females 105.75, d = .86; both p < .01) than females but sex role was note related to DMIQ. However there was a positive relationship between masculinity and DMIQ (r = .45, r = .39, p < .01), but only for males. Cultural issues in self-assessed intelligence and limitations, particularly sample size of this exploratory study are considered.

scholarly journals In Masks we Trust: Explicit and Implicit Reactions to Masked Faces Vary by Voting Intention

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gordon Ingram ◽  
Erick Gustavo Chuquichambi ◽  
William Jimenez-Leal ◽  
Antonio Olivera-LaRosa
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Social Desirability ◽  
Political Orientation ◽  
Public Places ◽  
Reaction Time Measure ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Spanish Speaking ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
The Uk

The COVID-19 pandemic has caused controversy over new norms of mask-wearing in public places. An online experiment previously showed that people from several Spanish-speaking countries perceived faces wearing medical-style masks as more trustworthy, socially desirable, and likely to be ill, compared to control faces without a mask. We replicated and extended these methods with 1241 English-speaking participants from the UK and USA, adding questions on political orientation and voting intention, and including the online-VAAST task to test the effects of masks on an implicit reaction-time measure. The positive effects of masks on trustworthiness and social desirability were replicated, but the negative effect of masks on perceptions of healthiness was reversed. Participants were also quicker to approach masked faces. Conservative voters’ explicit and implicit reactions to masked faces were less favorable than those of liberals, demonstrating that masks are viewed positively by many but continue to be politically controversial.

scholarly journals Glimpses of semantic restructuring of English emotion-laden words of American English L1 users residing outside the USA

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 320-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Marc Dewaele
Keyword(s):  
Exploratory Study ◽  
American English ◽  
Statistical Analyses ◽  
The Self ◽  
Semantic Representations ◽  
Frequency Of Use ◽  
Dependent Variables ◽  
The Usa ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
The Uk

Abstract The present exploratory study focuses on the effect of living outside the USA on the understanding of the meaning, the perceived offensiveness and the self-reported frequency of use of four English emotion-laden words of British origin and four English emotion-laden words of American origin among 556 first (L1) users of American English. Statistical analyses revealed that the scores of the Americans living in the UK or in non-English-speaking countries differed significantly from those of compatriots living in the USA. Positive relationships emerged between multilingualism and scores on the dependent variables for the four British words, but no link emerged between languages known and the dependent variables for the American words. This is interpreted as an indication that semantic representations of emotion-laden words originating from another variety of the L1 are relatively weaker and are more likely to shift as a result of exposure to their use in other varieties, and the knowledge of other languages.

scholarly journals Fruit and vegetables are similarly categorised by 8–13-year-old children

2009 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karina Knight Sepulveda ◽  
Alicia Beltran ◽  
Kathy Watson ◽  
Tom Baranowski ◽  
Janice Baranowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Exploratory Study ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Fruit And Vegetables ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Search System ◽  
Dietary Recall ◽  
Spanish Speaking ◽  
Nutrition Research ◽  
Children's Nutrition ◽  
English Speaking

AbstractObjectiveThis exploratory study assessed how 8–13-year-old children categorised and labelled fruit and vegetables (FaV), and how these were influenced by child characteristics, to specify second-level categories in a hierarchical food search system for a computerised 24 h dietary recall (hdr).DesignTwo sets of food cards, sixty-seven for fruit (F) and sixty-four for vegetables (V), with pictures and names of FaV from ten professionally defined food categories were sorted, separately, by each child into piles of similar foods. Demographic data, BMI and 6-n-propylthiouracil (PROP) taster status were obtained.SettingParticipants attended the Children’s Nutrition Research Center in the summer of 2006.SubjectsIn all, 152 8–13-year-old children, predominantly English-speaking, of whom sixteen were predominantly Spanish-speaking.ResultsChildren created an average of 8·5 (5·3) piles with 7·9 (11·4) cards per pile for the F, and an average of 10·1 (4·8) piles with 6·2 (7·9) cards per pile for the V. No substantial differences in Robinson clustering were detected across subcategories for each of the demographic characteristics, BMI or PROP sensitivity. Children provided clusters names that were mostly ‘Taxonomic – Professional’ labels, such as salads, berries, peppers, for both F (51·8 %) and V (52·1 %).ConclusionsThese categories should be tested to assess their ability to facilitate search of FaV items in a computerised 24 hdr for children in this age group.

scholarly journals Not just ‘small potatoes’: Knowledge of the idiomatic meanings of collocations

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 321-340 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marijana Macis ◽  
Norbert Schmitt
Keyword(s):  
Second Language ◽  
University Students ◽  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Mixed Effects ◽  
Semantic Transparency ◽  
Spanish Speaking ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
Chilean Spanish

This study investigated learner knowledge of the figurative meanings of 30 collocations that can be both literal and figurative. One hundred and seven Chilean Spanish-speaking university students of English were asked to complete a meaning-recall collocation test in which the target items were embedded in non-defining sentences. Results showed limited collocation knowledge, with a mean score of 33% correct. The study also examined the effects of frequency, semantic transparency, year at university, and everyday engagement with the second language (L2) outside the classroom on this collocation knowledge. Mixed-effects modelling indicated that there was no relationship between frequency and semantic transparency and the knowledge of the figurative meanings. However, a positive relationship was found between this knowledge and year at university, time spent in an English-speaking country, and time spent reading.

scholarly journals Managers of Latino Workers in the Iowa Horticulture Industry Want Educational Programs to Bridge Language and Cultural Barriers

2009 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 224-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emilie A.K. Justen ◽  
Cynthia Haynes ◽  
Ann Marie VanDerZanden ◽  
Nancy Grudens-Schuck
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Barriers ◽  
Cultural Issues ◽  
Extension Programs ◽  
Agricultural Industry ◽  
Spanish Speaking ◽  
Latino Workers ◽  
Nursery Production ◽  
Technical Issues ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
Job Site

Horticulture is the fastest-growing sector of the agricultural industry, and this is true particularly in Iowa where the number of private horticultural businesses has more than doubled since 1993. The industry is relying more on non-English–speaking employees, especially Spanish-speaking workers, for golf course maintenance, landscape installation, and nursery production. Determining and serving the educational and training needs of a workforce that is not fluent in English is historically difficult for university extension programs. This study assessed educational needs and technical issues of English-speaking managers of primarily Spanish-speaking workers in the horticultural industry in Iowa, with special attention to language and cultural issues. Four focus groups were conducted, with managers recruited in cooperation with state professional horticultural associations. Communication gaps and challenges interpreting cultural differences were cited as key difficulties experienced by managers of Latino workers. The study produced a list of ideas for educational initiatives that would improve lateral (two-way) communications and delivery of Iowa-specific horticultural education and job-site training between English-speaking managers and Latino employees.

Book Reading Styles Among English-Speaking and Spanish-Speaking Latino Caregivers

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia H. Manz ◽  
Ageliki Nicolopoulou ◽  
Catherine B. Bracaliello ◽  
Allison N. Ash
Keyword(s):  
Book Reading ◽  
Spanish Speaking ◽  
Reading Styles ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
Latino Caregivers

An exploratory study of intangibles risk disclosure in annual reports of banking companies from the UK, US, Germany and Italy - Some descriptive insights

2013 ◽  
pp. 81-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susanne Durst
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Capital ◽  
Exploratory Study ◽  
The United States ◽  
Annual Reports ◽  
Risk Disclosure ◽  
Related Risk ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
Report Data ◽  
Key Drivers ◽  
The Uk

Intangibles are viewed as the key drivers in most industries, and current research shows that firms voluntarily disclose information about their investments in intangibles and their potential benefits. Yet little is known of the risks relating to such resources and the disclosures firms make about such risks. In order to obtain a more balanced and complete picture of firms' activities, information about the risky side of their intangibles is also needed. This exploratory study provides some descriptive insights into intangibles-related risk disclosure in a sample of 16 large banks from the United States (US), United Kingdom (UK), Germany and Italy. Annual report data is analyzed using the three Intellectual Capital dimensions. Study findings illustrate the variety of intangibles-related risk disclosure as demonstrated by the banks involved.

Awareness on Sustainability Perspective among Consumers’ of Tea

2019 ◽  
Vol 118 (7) ◽  
pp. 111-116
Author(s):  
Dr. M. Ayisha Millath ◽  
Dr. K. Malik Ali
Keyword(s):  
Sample Size ◽  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Health Benefits ◽  
High Price ◽  
Educational Qualification ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
The World ◽  
Correlation Result ◽  
Day By Day

Tea is an imperative beverage elsewhere in the world.  The need and demand for tea are increasing day by day.  Tea Association of USA expects continued growth in tea sales due to awareness on its health benefits. There are more than 3000 kinds of tea varieties are there but only four varieties are widely used. The authors investigated the opinion on sustainability perspectives and problems faced by them while they intend to buy. Willing Participants are included in survey with the sample size of 237.  The correlation result revealed that there is a positive relationship between educational qualification and sustainability perspectives of tea products among consumers. .  It is also found that lack of information and high price were the major problems faced by tea consumers while intend to buy sustainable tea. So the tea manufacturers and processors must throw light on these issues to improve its preference among consumers.

“It’s not just a diet, it’s a lifestyle”: An Exploratory Study into Community Preferences of Vegan Definitions

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madelon North ◽  
Emily Jane Kothe ◽  
Anna Klas ◽  
Mathew Ling
Keyword(s):  
Exploratory Study ◽  
Personal Experience ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
Advocacy Groups ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Ranking Order ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Community Preferences ◽  
Positivist Approach

Veganism is an increasingly popular lifestyle within Western societies, including Australia. However, there appears to be a positivist approach to defining veganism in the literature. This has implications for measurement and coherence of the research literature. This exploratory study assessed preference rankings for definitions of veganism used by vegan advocacy groups across an Australian convenience sample of three dietary groups (vegan = 230, omnivore = 117, vegetarian = 43). Participants were also asked to explain their ranking order in an open-ended question. Most vegans selected the UK definition as their first preference, omnivores underwent five rounds of preference reallocation before the Irish definition was selected, and vegetarians underwent four rounds before the UK definition was selected. A reflexive thematic analysis of participant explanations for their rankings identified four themes: (1) Diet vs. lifestyle, (2) Absolutism, (3) Social justice, and (4) Animal justice. These four themes represent how participants had differing perceptions of veganism according to their personal experience and understanding of the term. It appears participants took less of an absolutist approach to the definition and how individuals conceptualise veganism may be more dynamic than first expected. This will be important when researchers are considering how we are defining veganism in future studies to maintain consistency in the field.

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