Impact of Nealley’s Sprangletop on Rough Rice Yield

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 532-536
Author(s):  
Eric P. Webster ◽  
Eric A. Bergeron ◽  
David C. Blouin ◽  
Benjamin M. McKnight ◽  
Matthew J. Osterholt
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Yield Loss ◽  
Rice Yield ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Herbicide Application ◽  
Leaf Stage ◽  
Rough Rice ◽  
Rice Yields ◽  
The One ◽  
The Impact

AbstractTwo field studies were conducted in Louisiana to determine the impact of Nealley’s sprangletop on rough rice yield under multiple environments in 2014, 2015, and 2016. The first study evaluated optimal timings of Nealley’s sprangletop removal for optimizing rough rice yields. The second study evaluated the impact of Nealley’s sprangletop densities on rough rice yield. Nealley’s sprangletop was removed with applications of fenoxaprop at 122 g ai ha–1at 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, and 42 d after emergence (DAE). Nealley’s sprangletop removal at 7 and 14 DAE resulted in higher rough rice yields of 7,880 and 6,960 kg ha–1, respectively, when compared with the rice from the season-long Nealley’s sprangletop competition with a 6,040 kg ha-1yield. Delaying herbicide application from 7 DAE to 42 DAE resulted in a yield loss of 1,740 kg ha–1. Over the 35-d delay in application, rough rice yield loss from Nealley’s sprangletop interference was equivalent to 50 kg ha–1d–1. Nealley’s sprangletop densities were established at 1, 3, 7, 13, and 26 plants m–2by transplanting Nealley’s sprangletop when rice reached the one- to two-leaf stage. At Nealley’s sprangletop densities of 1 to 26 plants m–2, rough rice yields were reduced 10 to 270 kg ha–1, compared with the rice from weed-free plots. Based on regression analysis, Nealley’s sprangletop densities of 1, 35, 70, and 450 plants m–2reduced rough rice yield 0.14%, 5%, 10%, and 50%, respectively.

Utilization of Saflufenacil in a Clearfield® Rice (Oryza sativa) System

2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 255-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Garret B. Montgomery ◽  
Jason A. Bond ◽  
Bobby R. Golden ◽  
Jeffrey Gore ◽  
H. Matthew Edwards ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Rice Yield ◽  
Palmer Amaranth ◽  
Leaf Stage ◽  
Tiller Stage ◽  
Rough Rice ◽  
Rice Yields ◽  
Clearfield Rice ◽  
The One

Research was conducted in Mississippi in 2012 and 2013 to compare the efficacy of saflufenacil to other broadleaf herbicides applied in mixtures with imazethapyr in a Clearfield rice system. Saflufenacil at 50 g ai ha−1, carfentrazone at 35 g ai ha−1, a prepackaged mixture of halosulfuron plus thifensulfuron at 35 plus 4 g ai ha−1, and a prepackaged mixture of propanil plus thiobencarb at 2,240 plus 2,240 g ai ha−1 were applied in mixture with imazethapyr at 70 g ai ha−1 early-POST (EPOST) to rice in the one- to two-leaf stage or late-POST (LPOST) to rice in the four-leaf to one-tiller stage. No differences in injury among the broadleaf herbicides or between application timings were detected at any evaluation. Imazethapyr combined with propanil plus thiobencarb or saflufenacil provided the greatest control of barnyardgrass 7 and 14 d after treatment (DAT). Hemp sesbania, ivyleaf morningglory, and Palmer amaranth control was greatest and similar for imazethapyr combined with carfentrazone, propanil plus thiobencarb, and saflufenacil; however, rough rice yield was greatest for imazethapyr combined with propanil plus thiobencarb or saflufenacil. Propanil plus thiobencarb or saflufenacil can be used in a Clearfield rice system to achieve optimum weed control and highest rice yields.

Differential Tolerance of Clearfield Rice Cultivars to Imazamox

2011 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 192-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason A. Bond ◽  
Timothy W. Walker
Keyword(s):  
Growth Stage ◽  
Rice Yield ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
First Year ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Rice Cultivars ◽  
Rough Rice ◽  
Rice Yields ◽  
Clearfield Rice ◽  
Two Hybrid

Field studies were conducted to compare the response of one inbred (‘CL161’) and two hybrid (‘CLXL729’ and ‘CLXL745’) Clearfield (CL) rice cultivars to imazamox. Imazamox was applied at 44 and 88 g ai ha−1to rice in the panicle initiation (PI) and PI plus 14 d (PI + 14) growth stages and at 44 g ha−1to rice in the midboot growth stage. Maturity of hybrid CL cultivars was delayed following imazamox at 44 g ha−1applied at PI + 14 and midboot. Furthermore, imazamox at 44 g ha−1, applied at midboot, delayed maturity of CLXL745 more than CLXL729. Expressed as a percentage of the weed-free control plots, rough rice yields for CLXL729 were 91% following imazamox at 44 g ha−1applied at PI + 14, 78% following imazamox at 44 g ha−1applied at midboot, and 77% for imazamox at 88 g ha−1applied at PI + 14. Rough rice yield for CLXL745 was 77 to 92% of the control following all imazamox treatments. All imazamox treatments reduced CLXL745 rough rice yield compared with CL161. Rough rice yield, pooled across CL cultivar, varied with imazamox treatment between years, and these differences may have been a consequence of lower temperatures and solar radiation in the first year. Hybrid CL cultivars CLXL729 and CLXL745 were less tolerant than was CL161 when imazamox was applied at nonlabeled rates (88 g ha−1) and/or timings (PI + 14 or midboot). Because of variability in rice growth stages and irregularities in imazamox application in commercial fields, inbred CL cultivars should be planted where an imazamox application will likely be required.

Effect of Postflood Quinclorac Applications on Commercial Rice Cultivars

2012 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason A. Bond ◽  
Timothy W. Walker
Keyword(s):  
Growth Stage ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Rice Yield ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Rice Cultivar ◽  
Rice Cultivars ◽  
Rough Rice ◽  
Rice Yields

Rice cultivar, growth stage at application, or both may influence rice tolerance to quinclorac. Field studies were conducted to compare the response of five rice cultivars ‘Bowman’, ‘Cheniere’, ‘CL161’, ‘Cocodrie’, and ‘XL723’ to postflood quinclorac applications. Quinclorac at 0.56 kg ai ha−1was applied 2 and 4 wk after flood (WAF). Pooled across quinclorac application timings, no differences in maturity were detected among the cultivars in 2008, but maturity of Cheniere and XL723 were delayed compared with CL161 and Cocodrie in 2007. Maturity of Cheniere and XL723 was delayed in 2007 compared with 2008. Pooled over cultivar, maturity was similar for 2 and 4 WAF applications in 2007 but was delayed for 2 WAF treatments in 2008. Regardless of year, postflood quinclorac applications reduced rough rice yield of all cultivars except Bowman. Cheniere and XL723 had lower rough rice yields compared with other cultivars in 2007; however, in 2008, rough rice yields of Cheniere, CL161, Cocodrie, and XL723 were similar, but still lower, than that of Bowman. Pooled over cultivar, postflood quinclorac reduced rough rice yields more when applied 4 WAF than at 2 WAF during both years. Our results demonstrate that Cheniere and XL723 are less tolerant than Bowman is to postflood quinclorac applications and that all evaluated cultivars are more susceptible to quinclorac applied at later developmental stages. Consequently, if circumstances necessitate a postflood quinclorac application, the herbicide should be applied no later than panicle initiation and should not be applied to Cheniere or XL723.

scholarly journals Reproduction and biomarker responses of Eisenia fetida after exposure to imidacloprid in biochar-amended soil

Biochar ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ngitheni Winnie-Kate Nyoka ◽  
Ozekeke Ogbeide ◽  
Patricks Voua Otomo
Keyword(s):  
Eisenia Fetida ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Application Rate ◽  
Land Application ◽  
Acetylcholinesterase Inhibition ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Pesticide Pollution ◽  
The One ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Amended Soil

AbstractTerrestrial and aquatic ecosystems are increasingly threatened by pesticide pollution resulting from extensive use of pesticides, and due to the lack of regulatory measures in the developing world, there is a need for affordable means to lessen environmental effects. This study aimed to investigate the impact of biochar amendment on the toxicity of imidacloprid to life-cycle parameters and biomarker responses of the earthworm Eisenia fetida. E. fetida was exposed to 10% biochar-amended and non-amended OECD artificial soils spiked with 0, 0.75, 1.5, 2.25 and 3 mg imidacloprid/kg for 28 days. An LC50 of 2.7 mg/kg was only computed in the non-amended soil but not in the biochar-amended soil due to insignificant mortality. The EC50 calculated in the non-amended soil (0.92 mg/kg) for reproduction (fertility) was lower than the one computed in the biochar amended (0.98 mg/kg), indicating a decrease in toxicity in the biochar-amended substrate. Significant weight loss was observed at the two highest imidacloprid treatments in the non-amended soil and only at the highest treatment in the biochar-amended substrate, further highlighting the beneficial effects of biochar. Catalase activity decreased significantly at the two highest concentrations of non-amended soil. Yet, in the amended soil, the activity remained high, especially in the highest concentration, where it was significantly higher than the controls. This indicated more severe oxidative stress in the absence of biochar. In all non-amended treatments, there was a significant acetylcholinesterase inhibition, while lower inhibition percentages were observed in the biochar-amended soil. In most endpoints, the addition of biochar alleviated the toxic effects of imidacloprid, which shows that biochar has the potential to be useful in soil remediation. However, there is still a need for field studies to identify the most effective application rate of biochar for land application.

Tolerance of Southern US Rice Cultivars to Benzobicyclon

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 658-665
Author(s):  
Mason L. Young ◽  
Jason K. Norsworthy ◽  
Robert C. Scott ◽  
Lon T. Barber
Keyword(s):  
Yield Loss ◽  
Rice Yield ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Severe Injury ◽  
Rice Cultivars ◽  
Visible Injury ◽  
Tropical Japonica ◽  
Southern Us ◽  
Crop Injury ◽  
Rough Rice

Benzobicyclon is the first 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase-inhibiting herbicide pursued for commercial registration in U.S. rice production. A study was conducted in 2015 and 2016 to evaluate the response of eight rice cultivars to post-flood application timings of benzobicyclon at 494 g ai ha-1(proposed 2X rate). ‘Caffey’, ‘CL151’, ‘CLXL745’, ‘Jupiter’, ‘LaKast’, ‘Mermentau’, ‘Roy J’, and ‘XL753’ were evaluated in response to applications of benzobicyclon. The highest level of visible injury was observed in LaKast at 7% in 2015. No visible injury was detected among other cultivars either year at 2 weeks after treatment. In 2015 and 2016, no more than a four-day delay to reach 50% heading occurred across all cultivars. Rough rice yield was not affected by any of the post-flood application timings of benzobicyclon. A second study was conducted in 2016 at three locations throughout Arkansas to investigate the tolerance of 19tropical japonica(inbred and hybrid) and twoindicainbred cultivars to a premix containing benzobicyclon at 494 g ai ha-1and halosulfuron at 72 g ai ha-1 applied 1 week after flooding. Thetropical japonicacultivars have excellent crop safety to benzobicyclon while application to theindicacultivars, Rondo and Purple Marker, expressed severe phytotoxicity. Benzobicyclon caused less than a 2 d delay in heading to thejaponicacultivars. Rough rice yield of thetropical japonicacultivars was not affected by benzobicyclon while yields of bothindicacultivars were negatively affected. Benzobicyclon can safely be applied to drill-seededtropical japonicainbred and hybrid cultivars in a post-flood application without concerns for crop injury. Benzobicyclon should not be used onindicacultivars as it will cause severe injury, delayed heading, and yield loss.

Metolachlor and Alachlor Persistence in Rice (Oryza sativa) Following Soybean (Glycine max)

1989 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 82-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
James L. Griffin ◽  
John F. Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Glycine Max ◽  
Residual Effect ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Silt Loam ◽  
Herbicide Application ◽  
Rice Yields ◽  
Residue Levels ◽  
Soil Residue

Field studies were conducted for 3 yr to evaluate the persistence of metolachlor and alachlor applied to ‘Centennial’ soybean and to determine their residual effect on ‘Mars' rice. At labeled use rates of metolachlor at 2.8 kg ai/ha and alachlor at 3.9 kg ai/ha, soil residue levels in the fall 5 months after application on Crowley and Midland silt loam soils averaged 0.04 and 0.05 ppmw, respectively. Metolachlor fall soil residues averaged 3.5 times higher when applied at 5.6 and 11.2 kg/ha compared to 2.8 kg/ha, but residues for labeled and double rates of alachlor were similar. In the spring 9 months after herbicide application, soil residues averaged over years did not exceed 0.06 ppmw. The 3-yr rice yields were not affected by residual metolachlor or alachlor.

Evaluation of sequential applications of quizalofop-P-ethyl and florpyrauxifen-benzyl in acetyl CoA carboxylase-resistant rice

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Tameka L. Sanders ◽  
Jason A. Bond ◽  
Benjamin H. Lawrence ◽  
Bobby R. Golden ◽  
Thomas W. Allen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Rice Yield ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Acetyl Coa Carboxylase ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Rough Rice ◽  
Sequential Treatments ◽  
Acetyl Coenzyme A Carboxylase ◽  
Grass Weed

Abstract Information on performance of sequential treatments of quizalofop-P-ethyl with florpyrauxifen-benzyl on rice is lacking. Field studies were conducted in 2017 and 2018 in Stoneville, MS, to evaluate sequential timings of quizalofop-P-ethyl with florpyrauxifen-benzyl included in preflood treatments of rice. Quizalofop-P-ethyl treatments were no quizalofop-P-ethyl; sequential applications of quizalofop-P-ethyl at 120 g ha−1 followed by (fb) 120 g ai ha−1 applied to rice in the 2- to 3-leaf (EPOST) fb the 4-leaf to 1-tiller (LPOST) growth stages or LPOST fb 10 d after flooding (PTFLD); quizalofop-P-ethyl at 100 g ha−1 fb 139 g ha−1 EPOST fb LPOST or LPOST fb PTFLD; quizalofop-P-ethyl at 139 g ha−1 fb 100 g ha−1 EPOST fb LPOST and LPOST fb PTFLD; and quizalofop-P-ethyl at 85 g ha−1 fb 77 g ha−1 fb 77 g ha−1 EPOST fb LPOST fb PTFLD. Quizalofop-P-ethyl was applied alone and in mixture with florpyrauxifen-benzyl at 29 g ai ha−1 LPOST. Visible rice injury 14 d after PTFLD (DA-PTFLD) was no more than 3%. Visible control of volunteer rice (‘CL151’ and ‘Rex’) 7 DA-PTFLD was similar and at least 95% for each quizalofop-P-ethyl treatment. Barnyardgrass control with quizalofop-P-ethyl at 120 fb 120 g ha−1 LPOST fb PTFLD was greater (88%) in mixture with florpyrauxifen-benzyl. The addition of florpyrauxifen-benzyl to quizalofop-P-ethyl increased rough rice yield when quizalofop-P-ethyl was applied at 100 g ha−1 fb 139 g ha−1 EPOST fb LPOST. Sequential applications of quizalofop-P-ethyl at 120 g ha−1 fb 120 g ha−1 EPOST fb LPOST, 100 g ha−1 fb 139 g ha−1 EPOST fb LPOST, or 139 g ha−1 fb 100 g ha−1 EPOST fb LPOST controlled grass weed species. The addition of florpyrauxifen-benzyl was not beneficial for grass weed control. However, because quizalofop-P-ethyl does not control broadleaf weeds, florpyrauxifen-benzyl could provide broad-spectrum weed control in acetyl coenzyme A carboxylase–resistant rice.

CERES-Rice model-based simulations of climate change impacts on rice yields and efficacy of adaptive options in Northeast China

2014 ◽  
Vol 65 (12) ◽  
pp. 1267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenxiang Wu ◽  
Qian Fang ◽  
Quansheng Ge ◽  
Mengzi Zhou ◽  
Yumei Lin
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Northeast China ◽  
Rice Yield ◽  
Adaptive Strategies ◽  
Future Climate ◽  
Future Climate Change ◽  
Rice Cultivars ◽  
Rice Yields ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Impacts Of Climate Change

Global temperatures are rising, and concerns about the response of agricultural production to climate change are increasing. Adaptation is a key factor that will shape the severity of impacts of future climate change on food production. Based on actual meteorological, soil and agricultural management data at site scale, the CERES-Rice model, combined with the Regional Climate Model (RCM)-PRECIS, was used to simulate both the effects of climate change on rice yields and the efficacy of adaptive options in Northeast China. The impact simulation showed that rice yield changes ranged from +0.1% to –44.9% (A2 scenario) and from –0.3% to –40.1% (B2 scenario) without considering CO2 fertilisation effects. When considering CO2 fertilisation effects, rice yield reductions induced by temperature increases were decreased at all sites. The CO2 fertilisation effects may partly offset the negative impacts of climate change on rice yields. Adaptive option results revealed that the adverse impacts of climate change on rice yields could be mitigated by advancing the planting dates, transplanting mid–late-maturing rice cultivars to replace early-maturing ones, and breeding new rice cultivars with high thermal requirements. Our findings provide insight into the possible impacts of climate change on rice production, and we suggest which adaptive strategies could be used to cope with future climate change, thus providing evidence-based suggestions for government policy on adaptive strategies.

Broadleaf Signalgrass (Brachiaria platyphylla) Duration of Interference in Rice (Oryza sativa)

Weed Science ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 747-750 ◽  
Author(s):  
John T. McGregor ◽  
Roy J. Smith ◽  
Ronald E. Talbert
Keyword(s):  
Rice Yield ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Rough Kernel ◽  
Weed Interference ◽  
Head Rice ◽  
Rough Rice ◽  
Head Rice Yield ◽  
Rice Yields ◽  
Brachiaria Platyphylla

Interference from broadleaf signalgrass at a density of 180 plants/m2reduced rough rice yields of ‘Bond’ a maximum of 48% at 95 days after rice emergence and reduced yields of ‘Mars' a maximum of 21% from season-long interference. Interference durations of 40 days or longer reduced the panicles/m2, culms/m2, and plant height of rice. Straw dry weight of Bond and Mars was reduced 41 and 26%, respectively, from season-long interference. Increased durations of weed interference did not affect the number of spikelets/panicle, percent filled spikelets, rough kernel weight, or head rice yield of either cultivar. Broadleaf signalgrass produced less dry weight and fewer panicles/m2when grown with Mars than with Bond.

Growth and Productivity Response of Rice to Applied Zinc and Organic Manure

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
T Muthukumararaja ◽  
M V Sriramachandrasekharan
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
Rice Yield ◽  
Poultry Manure ◽  
Organic Manure ◽  
Treatment Combination ◽  
Organic Fertilization ◽  
Straw Yield ◽  
Rice Yields ◽  
The Impact

The objective of this research was to find out the impact of zinc and organic fertilization on the productivity of rice. Two separate field experiments were conducted in a zinc deficient soil belonging to Typic Haplusterts and Typic Ustifluvents during Rabi 2011-2012. The results revealed that grain and straw yield was significantly enhanced on addition of zinc or organics or both over control in both soils. The rice yield increased with zinc doses and maximum yields was noticed with 5 mg Zn kg-1 and declined at 7.5 mg Zn kg-1. While addition of poultry manure recorded the maximum rice yields and was on par with vermicompost. However the highest grain yield (6103, 6344 kg ha-1) and straw yield (8369, 8459 kg ha-1) was recorded with application of 5 mg Zn kg-1 and poultry manure in Vertisol and Entisol respectively. Similarly, addition of 5.0 mg Zn kg-1 along with poultry manure @ 10 t ha-1 registered the highest growth traits it was comparable with vermicompost at same level of zinc, but superior to other treatment combination.

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