Effect of Grape Seed Proanthocyanidin–Gelatin Colloidal Complexes on Stability and in Vitro Digestion of Fish Oil Emulsions

The intake of dietary lipids is known to affect the composition of phospholipids in gastrointestinal cells, thereby influencing passive lipid absorption. However, dietary lipids rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids, such as vegetable oils, are prone to oxidation. Studies investigating the phospholipid-regulating effect of oxidized lipids are lacking. We aimed at identifying the effects of oxidized lipids from moderately (18.8 ± 0.39 meq O2/kg oil) and highly (28.2 ± 0.39 meq O2/kg oil) oxidized and in vitro digested cold-pressed grape seed oils on phospholipids in human gastric tumor cells (HGT-1). The oils were analyzed for their antioxidant constituents as well as their oxidized triacylglycerol profile by LC-MS/MS before and after a simulated digestion. The HGT-1 cells were treated with polar oil fractions containing epoxidized and hydroperoxidized triacylglycerols for up to six hours. Oxidized triacylglycerols from grape seed oil were shown to decrease during the in vitro digestion up to 40% in moderately and highly oxidized oil. The incubation of HGT-1 cells with oxidized lipids from non-digested oils induced the formation of cellular phospholipids consisting of unsaturated fatty acids, such as phosphocholines PC (18:1/22:6), PC (18:2/0:0), phosphoserine PS (42:8) and phosphoinositol PI (20:4/0:0), by about 40%–60%, whereas the incubation with the in vitro digested oils did not affect the phospholipid metabolism. Hence, the gastric conditions inhibited the phospholipid-regulating effect of oxidized triacylglycerols (oxTAGs), with potential implications in lipid absorption.

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Physicochemical properties and in vitro digestion of extruded rice with grape seed proanthocyanidins

Journal of Cereal Science ◽

10.1016/j.jcs.2020.103064 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 95 ◽

pp. 103064 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Yuxue Zheng ◽

Jinhu Tian ◽

Yukiharu Ogawa ◽

Xiangli Kong ◽

Shiguo Chen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physicochemical Properties ◽

In Vitro Digestion ◽

Grape Seed ◽

Grape Seed Proanthocyanidins

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Grape Seed Proanthocyanidin Extract Ameliorates Cardiac Remodelling After Myocardial Infarction Through PI3K/AKT Pathway in Mice

Frontiers in Pharmacology ◽

10.3389/fphar.2020.585984 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 ◽

Author(s):

Yongxue Ruan ◽

Qike Jin ◽

Jingjing Zeng ◽

Fangfang Ren ◽

Zuoyi Xie ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Myocardial Infarction ◽

Cardiac Dysfunction ◽

Grape Seed ◽

Akt Pathway ◽

Grape Seeds ◽

Hypoxic Conditions ◽

Grape Seed Proanthocyanidin Extract ◽

Grape Seed Proanthocyanidin

Myocardial infarction is one of the most serious fatal diseases in the world, which is due to acute occlusion of coronary arteries. Grape seed proanthocyanidin extract (GSPE) is an active compound extracted from grape seeds that has anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor pharmacological effects. Natural products are cheap, easy to obtain, widely used and effective. It has been used to treat numerous diseases, such as cancer, brain injury and diabetes complications. However, there are limited studies on its role and associated mechanisms in myocardial infarction in mice. This study showed that GSPE treatment in mice significantly reduced cardiac dysfunction and improved the pathological changes due to MI injury. In vitro, GSPE inhibited the apoptosis of H9C2 cells after hypoxia culture, resulting in the expression of Bax decreased and the expression of Bcl-2 increased. The high expression of p-PI3K and p-AKT was detected in MI model in vivo and in vitro. The use of the specific PI3K/AKT pathway inhibitor LY294002 regressed the cardio-protection of GSPE. Our results showed that GSPE could improve the cardiac dysfunction and remodeling induced by MI and inhibit cardiomyocytes apoptosis in hypoxic conditions through the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.

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Effects of grape seed proanthocyanidin on Alzheimer's disease in vitro and in vivo

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine ◽

10.3892/etm.2016.3530 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 12 (3) ◽

pp. 1681-1692 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Qingwang Lian ◽

Yongsheng Nie ◽

Xiaoyou Zhang ◽

Bo Tan ◽

Hongying Cao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Alzheimer’S Disease ◽

Alzheimer's Disease ◽

Grape Seed ◽

Grape Seed Proanthocyanidin

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In-vitro Digestion Of Fat Crystal-Stabilized Water-In-Oil Emulsions

10.32920/ryerson.14646252 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Vivekkumar Patel

Keyword(s):

Aqueous Phase ◽

In Vitro Digestion ◽

Continuous Phase ◽

Core Shell ◽

Solid Fat ◽

Important Contributor ◽

Gastrointestinal Conditions ◽

Intestinal Fluids ◽

Oil Emulsions

The purpose of this research was to investigate the effect of surfactant type and presence of solid fat on the stability and release characteristics of water-in-oil (W/O) emulsions subjected to simulated gastrointestinal conditions. Emulsions consisting of a 20 wt% aqueous phase dispersed in canola oil were stabilized in one of four different ways: core-shell stabilization with glycerol monostearate (GMS), network stabilization using polyglycerol polyricinoleate and solid fat added to the continuous phase (PGPR-F), combined core-shell and network stabilization using glycerol monooleate and a continuous phase fat crystal network (GMO-F) and finally, a PGPR-based liquid emulsion with no added fat. The dispersed aqueous phase of all emulsions contained 1mM methylene blue (MB), which was used as a marker to quantify emulsion breakdown and release of aqueous phase cargo. Quiescent storage at 25 °C for 30 days revealed no phase separation for the GMS, GMO-F, and PGPR-F emulsions whereas the PGPR emulsion began to phase-separate 16 h following preparation. When subjected to gastric conditions, the PGPR-F emulsion showed the lowest MB release after 60 min (0.3 % of initial load) with the other emulsions showing ~ 12 % release. In duodenal conditions, the PGPRF and GMS emulsions showed the lowest MB release after 120 min of exposure (~ 0.5 %) followed by the PGPR (9.4 %) and GMO-F (14.6 %) emulsions, respectively. Emulsion photomicrographs taken prior to, and after, contact with simulated gastric and intestinal fluids showed that emulsion microstructure was an important contributor to emulsion stability. Overall, the PGPR-F emulsion was the most stable in both gastric and intestinal fluids. These results have shown that fat phase structuring is an important contributor to W/O emulsion breakdown behaviour in simulated gastrointestinal conditions.

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Grape Seed Proanthocyanidin Ameliorates FB1-Induced Meiotic Defects in Porcine Oocytes

Toxins ◽

10.3390/toxins13120841 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (12) ◽

pp. 841

Author(s):

Wenhui Li ◽

Yijing He ◽

Hongyu Zhao ◽

Lei Peng ◽

Jia Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Polar Body ◽

Grape Seed ◽

Ros Generation ◽

Mrna Levels ◽

Blastocyst Development ◽

Cleavage Rate ◽

First Polar Body ◽

Grape Seed Proanthocyanidin

Fumonisin B1 (FB1), as the most prevalent and toxic fumonisin, poses a health threat to humans and animals. The cytotoxicity of FB1 is closely related to oxidative stress and apoptosis. The purpose of this study is to explore whether Grape seed proanthocyanidin (GSP), a natural antioxidant, could alleviate the meiotic maturation defects of oocytes caused by FB1 exposure. Porcine cumulus oocyte complexes (COCs) were treated with 30 μM FB1 alone or cotreated with 100, 200 and 300 μM GSP during in vitro maturation for 44 h. The results show that 200 μM GSP cotreatment observably ameliorated the toxic effects of FB1 exposure, showing to be promoting first polar body extrusion and improving the subsequent cleavage rate and blastocyst development rate. Moreover, 200 μM GSP cotreatment restored cell cycle progression, reduced the proportion of aberrant spindles, improved actin distribution and protected mitochondrial function in FB1-exposed oocytes. Furthermore, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation was significantly decreased and the mRNA levels of CAT, SOD2 and GSH-PX were obviously increased in the 200 μM GSP cotreatment group. Notably, the incidence of early apoptosis and autophagy level were also significantly decreased after GSP cotreatment and the mRNA expression levels of BAX, CASPASE3, LC3 and ATG5 were markedly decreased, whereas BCL2 and mTOR were observably increased in the oocytes after GSP cotreatment. Together, these results indicate that GSP could exert significant preventive effects on FB1-induced oocyte defects by ameliorating oxidative stress through repairing mitochondrial dysfunction.

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