Antioxidant Activity of Hydrogen Nanobubbles in Water with Different Reactive Oxygen Species both in Vivo and in Vitro

Langmuir ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (39) ◽  
pp. 11878-11885 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shu Liu ◽  
Seiichi Oshita ◽  
Dang Quoc Thuyet ◽  
Masanao Saito ◽  
Takahiko Yoshimoto
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Species

Synergistic antioxidant activity of size controllable chitosan-templated Prussian blue nanoparticle

Nanomedicine ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (19) ◽  
pp. 2567-2578 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyeryeon Oh ◽  
Jin Sil Lee ◽  
Daekyung Sung ◽  
Jin Hyung Lee ◽  
Sang Hyun Moh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Prussian Blue ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species Generation ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Antioxidant Agents

Aim: Prussian blue nanoparticles (PB NPs) have been reported as excellent antioxidant agents owing to their ability to scavenge reactive oxygen species. However, their poor stability in vivo limits their use in biomedical applications. Materials & methods: In this study, we developed chitosan-templated PB NPs using water-soluble chitosan samples with molecular weights ranging from 3 to 100 kDa, which stabilized the PB NPs and improved their antioxidant activity. Results & conclusion: The chitosan-templated PB NPs coordinated with the optimal chitosan molecular weight had uniform sphere-like particles, improved stability and effective scavenging activity of in vitro reactive oxygen species generation in murine fibroblast cells stimulated by oxidative stress agents without any cytotoxicity, implying that they could be promising antioxidant agents.

scholarly journals The Effects of Bioactive Compounds from Blueberry and Blackcurrant Powder on Oat Bran Pastes: Enhancing In Vitro Antioxidant Activity and Reducing Reactive Oxygen Species in Lipopolysaccharide-Stimulated Raw264.7 Macrophages

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 388
Author(s):  
Xiao Dan Hui ◽  
Gang Wu ◽  
Duo Han ◽  
Xi Gong ◽  
Xi Yang Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Raw264.7 Macrophages ◽  
Oat Bran

In this study, blueberry and blackcurrant powder were chosen as the phenolic-rich enrichments for oat bran. A Rapid Visco Analyser was used to form blueberry and blackcurrant enriched oat pastes. An in vitro digestion process evaluated the changes of phenolic compounds and the in vitro antioxidant potential of extracts of pastes. The anthocyanidin profiles in the extracts were characterised by the pH differential method. The results showed that blueberry and blackcurrant powder significantly increased the content of phenolic compounds and the in vitro antioxidant capacity of pastes, while the total flavonoid content decreased after digestion compared to the undigested samples. Strong correlations between these bioactive compounds and antioxidant values were observed. Lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages were used to investigate the intracellular antioxidant activity of the extracts from the digested oat bran paste with 25% enrichment of blueberry or blackcurrant powder. The results indicated that the extracts of digested pastes prevented the macrophages from experiencing lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated intracellular reactive oxygen species accumulation, mainly by the Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1)/nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signalling pathway. These findings suggest that the bioactive ingredients from blueberry and blackcurrant powder enhanced the in vitro and intracellular antioxidant capacity of oat bran pastes, and these enriched pastes have the potential to be utilised in the development of the functional foods.

scholarly journals Targeting autophagy enhances atezolizumab-induced mitochondria-related apoptosis in osteosarcoma

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhuochao Liu ◽  
Hongyi Wang ◽  
Chuanzhen Hu ◽  
Chuanlong Wu ◽  
Jun Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Antitumor Immunity ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Specific Monoclonal Antibody ◽  
Osteosarcoma Cells ◽  
Jnk Pathway ◽  
In Vivo Experiments

AbstractIn this study, we identified the multifaceted effects of atezolizumab, a specific monoclonal antibody against PD-L1, in tumor suppression except for restoring antitumor immunity, and investigated the promising ways to improve its efficacy. Atezolizumab could inhibit the proliferation and induce immune-independent apoptosis of osteosarcoma cells. With further exploration, we found that atezolizumab could impair mitochondria of osteosarcoma cells, resulting in increased release of reactive oxygen species and cytochrome-c, eventually leading to mitochondrial-related apoptosis via activating JNK pathway. Nevertheless, the excessive release of reactive oxygen species also activated the protective autophagy of osteosarcoma cells. Therefore, when we combined atezolizumab with autophagy inhibitors, the cytotoxic effect of atezolizumab on osteosarcoma cells was significantly enhanced in vitro. Further in vivo experiments also confirmed that atezolizumab combined with chloroquine achieved the most significant antitumor effect. Taken together, our study indicates that atezolizumab can induce mitochondrial-related apoptosis and protective autophagy independently of the immune system, and targeting autophagy is a promising combinatorial approach to amplify its cytotoxicity.

scholarly journals Plant Extracts and Reactive Oxygen Species as Two Counteracting Agents with Anti- and Pro-Obesity Properties

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (18) ◽  
pp. 4556 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanna Zielinska-Blizniewska ◽  
Przemyslaw Sitarek ◽  
Anna Merecz-Sadowska ◽  
Katarzyna Malinowska ◽  
Karolina Zajdel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Complex Disease ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Complementary Therapy ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Mitochondrial Activity ◽  
Oxygen Species

Obesity is a complex disease of great public health significance worldwide: It entails several complications including diabetes mellitus type 2, cardiovascular dysfunction and hypertension, and its prevalence is increasing around the world. The pathogenesis of obesity is closely related to reactive oxygen species. The role of reactive oxygen species as regulatory factors in mitochondrial activity in obese subjects, molecules taking part in inflammation processes linked to excessive size and number of adipocytes, and as agents governing the energy balance in hypothalamus neurons has been examined. Phytotherapy is the traditional form of treating health problems using plant-derived medications. Some plant extracts are known to act as anti-obesity agents and have been screened in in vitro models based on the inhibition of lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 cells and activity of pancreatic lipase methods and in in vivo high-fat diet-induced obesity rat/mouse models and human models. Plant products may be a good natural alternative for weight management and a source of numerous biologically-active chemicals, including antioxidant polyphenols that can counteract the oxidative stress associated with obesity. This review presents polyphenols as natural complementary therapy, and a good nutritional strategy, for treating obesity without serious side effects.

scholarly journals Salvianolic Acid A Protects Against Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis Induced by Intestinal Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury Through Activation of Nrf2/HO-1 Pathways

2018 ◽  
Vol 49 (6) ◽  
pp. 2320-2332 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guo Zu ◽  
Tingting Zhou ◽  
Ningwei Che ◽  
Xiangwen Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Glutathione Peroxidase ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Salvianolic Acid ◽  
Salvianolic Acid A ◽  
Tnf Α

Background/Aims: Ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) adversely affects the intestinal mucosa. The major mechanisms of I/R are the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and apoptosis. Salvianolic acid A (SalA) is suggested to be an effective antioxidative and antiapoptotic agent in numerous pathological injuries. The present study investigated the protective role of SalA in I/R of the intestine. Methods: Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to intestinal I/R injury in vivo. In vitro experiments were performed in IEC-6 cells subjected to hypoxia/ reoxygenation (H/R) stimulation to simulate intestinal I/R. TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 levels were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Malondialdehyde and myeloperoxidase and glutathione peroxidase levels were measured using biochemical analysis. Apoptosis was measured by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase mediated dUTP nick-end labeling staining or flow cytometry in vivo and in vitro. The level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was measured by dichlorodihydrofluorescin diacetate (DCFH-DA) staining. Western blotting was performed to determine the expression of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), Nrf2 and proteins associated with apoptosis. The mRNA expressions of Nrf2 and HO-1 were detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction in vivo and in vitro. Results: Malondialdehyde level and myeloperoxidase and glutathione peroxidase, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 levels group in intestinal tissue decreased significantly in the SalA pretreatment groups compared to the I/R group. SalA markedly abolished intestinal injury compared to the I/R group. SalA significantly attenuated apoptosis and increased Nrf2/HO-1 expression in vivo and in vitro. However, Nrf2 siRNA treatment partially abrogated the above mentioned effects of SalA in H/R-induced ROS and apoptosis in IEC-6 cells. Conclusion: The present study demonstrated that SalA ameliorated oxidation, inhibited the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines and alleviated apoptosis in I/R-induced injury and that these protective effects may partially occur via regulation of the Nrf2/ HO-1 pathways.

scholarly journals Selection of theIn VitroCulture Media Influences mRNA Expression of Hedgehog Genes,Il-6,and Important Genes regarding Reactive Oxygen Species in Single Murine Preimplantation Embryos

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Pfeifer ◽  
D. M. Baston-Büst ◽  
J. Hirchenhain ◽  
U. Friebe-Hoffmann ◽  
D. T. Rein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Female Reproductive Tract ◽  
Preimplantation Embryos ◽  
Oxygen Species

Background. The aim of this paper was to determine the influence of differentin vitroculture media on mRNA expression of Hedgehog genes,il-6,and important genes regarding reactive oxygen species in single mouse embryos.Methods. Reverse transcription of single embryos either culturedin vitrofrom day 0.5 until 3.5 (COOK’s Cleavage medium or Vitrolife’s G-1 PLUS medium) orin vivountil day 3.5post coitum. PCR was carried out forβ-actinfollowed by nested-PCR forshh, ihh, il-6, nox, gpx4, gpx1,andprdx2.Results. The number of murine blastocysts cultured in COOK medium which expressedil-6, gpx4, gpx1,andprdx2mRNA differed significantly compared to thein vivogroup. Except fornox, the mRNA profile of the Vitrolife media group embryos varied significantly from thein vivoones regarding the number of blastocysts expressing the mRNA ofshh, ihh, il-6, gpx4, gpx1andprdx2.Conclusions. The present study shows that differentin vitroculture media lead to different mRNA expression profiles during early development. Even the newly developedin vitroculture media are not able to mimic the female reproductive tract. The question of long-term consequences for children due to assisted reproduction techniques needs to be addressed in larger studies.

scholarly journals Reactive oxygen species and nitric oxide imbalances lead to in vivo and in vitro arrhythmogenic phenotype in acute phase of experimental Chagas disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. e1008379 ◽  
Author(s):  
Artur Santos-Miranda ◽  
Julliane Vasconcelos Joviano-Santos ◽  
Grazielle Alves Ribeiro ◽  
Ana Flávia M. Botelho ◽  
Peter Rocha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Chagas Disease ◽  
Acute Phase ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Species

scholarly journals BRAF Mutant Melanoma Adjusts to BRAF/MEK Inhibitors via Dependence on Increased Antioxidant SOD2 and Increased Reactive Oxygen Species Levels

Cancers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1661 ◽  
Author(s):  
Long Yuan ◽  
Rosalin Mishra ◽  
Hima Patel ◽  
Samar Alanazi ◽  
Xin Wei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Braf Inhibitor ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Braf Mutations ◽  
Mek Inhibitors ◽  
Braf Mutant ◽  
Resistant Cells

B-Rapidly Accelerated Fibrosarcoma (BRAF) mutations are found in about 50% of melanoma patients. Treatment with Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved BRAF and MAP/ERK kinase (MEK) inhibitors has improved progression free and overall survival of patients with BRAF mutant melanoma. However, all responders develop resistance typically within 1 year of treatment with these inhibitors. Evidence indicates that reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels are elevated after BRAF pathway inhibition treatment. We aim to decipher the role of mitochondrial antioxidant proteins relative to ROS levels and BRAF pathway inhibitor resistance. We observed BRAF mutant melanoma cells treated with the combination of a MEK inhibitor (trametinib) and a BRAF inhibitor (dabrafenib), exhibited elevated ROS levels, both in in vitro and in vivo melanoma models. We next generated trametinib- and dabrafenib-resistant (TDR) cells and found increased ROS levels after acquisition of resistance. An immunofluorescence experiment showed an increase of DNA damage in TDR cell lines. Furthermore, we observed that TDR cells increased superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2), an antioxidant, at both mRNA and protein levels, with the upregulation of the transcription factor Nuclear Factor (NF)-κB. Knockdown of SOD2 significantly reduced the growth of BRAF pathway inhibitor-resistant cells. In addition, the results indicate that TDR cells can be re-sensitized to BRAF pathway inhibitors by the ROS scavenger, N-Acetyl Cysteine (NAC). Overall, these data indicate that BRAF pathway inhibitor-resistant cells can compensate for elevated ROS via increased expression of the antioxidant SOD2.

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