Experimental Investigation of the Novel Phenol−Formaldehyde Cross-Linking HPAM Gel System: Based on the Secondary Cross-Linking Method of Organic Cross-Linkers and Its Gelation Performance Study after Flowing through Porous Media

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of a novel buffered riboflavin solution approved for corneal cross-linking (CXL) in progressive keratoconus and secondary corneal ectasia. Following the in vivo preclinical study performed on New Zealand rabbits comparing the novel 0.25% riboflavin solution (Safecross®) containing 1% hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) with a 0.25% riboflavin solution containing 0.10% EDTA, accelerated epithelium-off CXL was performed on 10 patients (10 eyes treated, with the contralateral eye used as control) through UV-A at a power setting of 9 mW/cm2 with a total dose of 5.4 J/cm2. Re-epithelialization was evaluated in the postoperative 7 days by fluorescein dye test at biomicroscopy; endothelial cell count and morphology (ECD) were analyzed by specular microscopy at the 1st and 6th month of follow-up and demarcation line depth (DLD) measured by anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) one month after the treatment. We observed complete re-epithelization in all eyes between 72 and 96 h after surgery (88 h on average). ECD and morphology remained unchanged in all eyes. DLD was detected at a mean depth of 362 ± 50 µm, 20% over solutions with equivalent dosage. SafeCross® riboflavin solution chemically-boosted corneal cross-linking seems to optimize CXL oxidative reaction by higher superoxide anion release, improving DLD by a factor of 20%, without adverse events for corneal endothelium.

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Experimental investigation of convection heat transfer of CO2 at super-critical pressures in vertical mini-tubes and in porous media

Applied Thermal Engineering ◽

10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2003.12.024 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 24 (8-9) ◽

pp. 1255-1270 ◽

Cited By ~ 81

Author(s):

Pei-Xue Jiang ◽

Yi-Jun Xu ◽

Jing Lv ◽

Run-Fu Shi ◽

S. He ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heat Transfer ◽

Experimental Investigation ◽

Porous Media ◽

Convection Heat Transfer ◽

Convection Heat

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Experimental investigation of flame stability in the premixed propane-air combustion in two-section porous media burner

Fuel ◽

10.1016/j.fuel.2020.120117 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 291 ◽

pp. 120117

Author(s):

V. Bubnovich ◽

H. Hernandez ◽

M. Toledo ◽

C. Flores

Keyword(s):

Experimental Investigation ◽

Porous Media ◽

Flame Stability ◽

Porous Media Burner

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Priority Selection of Weak Gel Flooding Formula on Heterogeneous Reservoir

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1073-1076.2248 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 1073-1076 ◽

pp. 2248-2251

Author(s):

Wen Xiang Wu ◽

Xin Song ◽

Yue Fu ◽

Peng Fei Yuan

Keyword(s):

Gelation Time ◽

High Viscosity ◽

Development Stage ◽

Water Flooding ◽

Cross Linking ◽

Heterogeneous Reservoirs ◽

Weak Gel ◽

Core Displacement ◽

Selection Of ◽

Gel System

Nowadays, most of the oilfields have been entered later development stage, it is difficult for reservoirs to depend on water flooding technology to improve recovery factor enormously. To satisfy deep flooding demand on heterogeneous reservoirs, the weak gel system is developed in the lab. Due to the mixture of organic chromium and HAPM, forming the organic weak gel system. HPAM concentration is from 1300mg/l to 1500mg/l and from 150mg/l to 210mg/l for cross-linking agent, the weak gel system formed stably with the high viscosity which is above 10000mp·s and moderate gelation time is from 45h to 130h.The best formula was selected with HPAM concentration 1500mg/l, and cross-linking agent concentration 210mg/l.The core displacement experiment shows the weak gel system has a well flooding effect on heterogeneous reservoirs, and its recovery rate increases 16.2%。

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