Radical-Trapping Antioxidant Activity of Copper and Nickel Bis(Thiosemicarbazone) Complexes Underlies Their Potency as Inhibitors of Ferroptotic Cell Death

This work aims to analyze the chemical and biological evaluation of two extracts obtained by olive mill wastewater (OMW), an olive oil processing byproduct. The exploitation of OMW is becoming an important aspect of development of the sustainable olive oil industry. Here we chemically and biologically evaluated one liquid (L) and one solid (S) extract obtained by liquid–liquid extraction followed by acidic hydrolysis (LLAC). Chemical characterization of the two extracts indicated that S has higher phenol content than L. Hydroxytyrosol and tyrosol were the more abundant phenols in both OMW extracts, with hydroxytyrosol significantly higher in S as compared to L. Both extracts failed to induce cell death when challenged with endothelial cells and vascular smooth muscle cells in cell viability experiments. On the contrary, the higher extract dosages employed significantly affected cell metabolic activity, as indicated by the MTT tests. Their ability to counteract H2O2-induced oxidative stress and cell death was assessed to investigate potential antioxidant activities of the extracts. Fluorescence measurements obtained with the reactive oxygen species (ROS) probe H2DCF-DA indicated strong antioxidant activity of the two OMW extracts in both cell models, as indicated by the inhibition of H2O2-induced ROS generation and the counteraction of the oxidative-induced cell death. Our results indicate LLAC-obtained OMW extracts as a safe and useful source of valuable compounds harboring antioxidant activity.

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The Potency of Diarylamine Radical-Trapping Antioxidants as Inhibitors of Ferroptosis Underscores the Role of Autoxidation in the Mechanism of Cell Death

ACS Chemical Biology ◽

10.1021/acschembio.7b00730 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 12 (10) ◽

pp. 2538-2545 ◽

Cited By ~ 43

Author(s):

Ron Shah ◽

Kaitlyn Margison ◽

Derek A. Pratt

Keyword(s):

Cell Death ◽

Radical Trapping

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Pengaruh Penambahan Rempah dan Bentuk Minuman terhadap Aktivitas Antioksidan Berbagai Minuman Tradisional Indonesia

Jurnal Agritech ◽

10.22146/agritech.17001 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 37 (1) ◽

pp. 7 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Aisyah Tri Septiana ◽

Mohammad Samsi ◽

Mustaufik Mustaufik

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Linoleic Acid ◽

Free Radical ◽

Total Phenolic Content ◽

Phenolic Content ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Phenolic Contents ◽

Beverage Type ◽

Radical Trapping ◽

Palm Sugar

Indonesia traditional beverages such as minuman jahe, kunyit asam, beras kencur, and minuman temulawak are usually made with the addition of spices. They can be served in the form of liquid or powder. This research was aimed to study the effect of the beverage type, addition of spices, and the form of product on their antioxidant activity. The type of sugar used in this study was palm sugar juice. Total phenolic contents were measured to indicate the level of antioxidants. Measurement of antioxidant activity was conducted by analyzing malonaldehyde from linoleic acid and capturing capacity of DPPH radical. The results showed that Indonesian traditional beverage could inhibit the oxidation of linoleic acid and capture free radicals. Free radical capturing capacity of curcuma beverage greater than other beverages, but the malonaldehyde (MDA) inhibitor effect was not different. Total phenolic content of curcuma tended to be higher than the other traditional beverages. The addition of spices could raise the level of total phenolic content in beverages and increase free radical trapping capacity. Drying the beverages into powder could reduce the levels of total phenolic content and but did not reduce the antioxidant activity. ABSTRAKMinuman tradisional Indonesia seperti minuman jahe, kunyit asam, beras kencur, dan minuman temulawak biasanya dibuat dengan tambahan berbagai rempah. Minuman tersebut dapat disajikan dalam bentuk cair maupun serbuk. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh jenis minuman, penambahan rempah tambahan, dan bentuk minuman terhadap aktivitas antioksidan minuman. Jenis gula yang ditambahkan adalah gula nira. Jenis antioksidan yang diuji adalah total fenolik. Pengukuran aktivitas antioksidan dilakukan dengan uji penghambatan malonaldehid dan kapasitas penangkapan radikal DPPH. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa minuman tradisional Indonesia dapat menghambat oksidasi asam linoleat dan menangkap radikal bebas. Kapasitas penangkapan radikal bebas oleh minuman temulawak lebih besar dibandingkan minuman yang lain tetapi kemampuan penghambatan malonaldehid (MDA) oleh minumaan tradisional tidak berbeda. Total fenolik minuman temulawak cenderung lebih besar dibandingkan minuman tradisional yang lain. Penambahan rempah-rempah dapat meningkatkan kadar total fenolik minuman dan meningkatkan kapasitas penangkapan radikal bebas. Pembuatan minuman serbuk pada penelitian ini dapat menurunkan kadar total fenolik tetapi tidak menurunkan aktivitas antioksidan.

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Ferropsis cell death can cause complications that may be difficult to detect and quantify: autophagy role and possible therapeutics

10.31219/osf.io/zd2jg ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Moataz Dowaidar

Keyword(s):

Cell Death ◽

Side Effects ◽

Animal Studies ◽

The Novel ◽

Small Molecule Probes ◽

Cellular Assays ◽

Radical Trapping ◽

Protein Thiols ◽

Limited Applicability ◽

Near Future

It is possible to understand both the processes of ferroptosis and how this type of cell death will be harnessed in the near future. The novel ferroposis-based therapies will also be created and evaluated using various biomarkers. Selenium and vitamin E have been shown to support some types of cancer in several studies. Such environmental factors should be accounted for while exploring ferroaptosis's duties. The effect of these modifications will be dictated by the cellular and environmental context in which they are created. It is critical to determine whether the inhibitor can act as a lipophilic radical-trapping antioxidant and prevent ferroPTosis independently of the enzyme under investigation, as several studies with lipoxygenases have shown.Using pharmacological approaches to evaluate ferropsosis can have potential side effects that are difficult to measure. Using small-molecule probes may be investigated using small-molecules probes. It's essential to utilize a biochemical test or a pharmacodynamic marker of target inhibition when employing RSL3 to inhibit GPX4, or when using erastin to inhibit the system xc–cystine/glutamate antiporter, or by using an Xc–Cystine/Glutamate/Glutamic antiporter inhibitor, or an erast inhibitor, to inhibit Gpx4, GSH, and other types of protein thiols, such as GSH and protein thiola. Many tiny molecules that are potent and selective probes in cellular assays have limited applicability in animal studies. RSL3, a poor solubility, is useful only in instances when an injection is made directly into tissues or tumors. Interfering with iron to modulate ferroptosis has far-reaching ramifications. Findings obtained with iron chelators only should be interpreted with caution as depleting iron can have other side effects other than ferroPTosis suppression.

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