Bullying, Depression, and Suicide Risk in a Pediatric Primary Care Sample

Crisis ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 241-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamar Kodish ◽  
Joanna Herres ◽  
Annie Shearer ◽  
Tita Atte ◽  
Joel Fein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Primary Care ◽  
Suicide Attempt ◽  
Suicide Risk ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Youth Research ◽  
Verbal Bullying ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract. Background: Suicide is a serious public health concern for US youth. Research has established an association between bullying and suicide risk. However, several questions remain regarding this relationship. Aims: The present study examined (a) whether experiences of verbal, physical, and cyber bullying were uniquely associated with general suicide risk; (b) whether each specific form of bullying was related to suicide attempt; and (c) whether depression moderated the relationship between each type of bullying and suicide risk. Method: The sample included medical records of 5,429 youth screened in primary care when providers had mental health concerns. Patients were screened using the Behavioral Health Screen (BHS), which assessed a range of mental health problems and behaviors, including bullying, depression, and suicide. Results: All types of bullying were associated with suicide risk, but verbal bullying was uniquely associated with suicide attempt. Depression significantly moderated the relationship between each type of bullying and suicide risk. Conclusion: The study’s limitations include the use of cross-sectional and self-data reports. When medical providers evaluate suicide risk, bullying should be considered as a possible precipitant, especially if the patient is depressed. Verbal bullying may be particularly important in understanding severity of suicide risk.

scholarly journals The relationship between deinstitutionalization and quality of care in longer-term psychiatric and social care facilities in Europe: A cross-sectional study

2017 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 95-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Taylor Salisbury ◽  
H. Killaspy ◽  
M. King
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Quality Of Care ◽  
Service User ◽  
Multilevel Models ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractBackgroundThe process of deinstitutionalization (community-based care) has been shown to be associated with better quality of life for those with longer-term mental health problems compared to long stay hospitals. This project aimed to investigate the relationship between national progress towards deinstitutionalization and (1) quality of longer-term mental health care (2) service users’ ratings of that care in nine European countries.MethodsQuality of care was assessed in 193 longer-term hospital- and community-based facilities in Bulgaria, Germany, Greece, Italy, the Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Spain and the UK. Data on users’ ratings of care were collected from 1579 users of these services. Country level variables were compiled from publicly available data. Multilevel models were fit to assess associations with quality of care and service user experiences of care.ResultsSignificant positive associations were found between deinstitutionalization and (1) five of seven quality of care domains; and (2) service user autonomy. A 10% increase in expenditure was associated with projected clinically important improvements in quality of care.ConclusionsGreater deinstitutionalization of mental health mental health services is associated with higher quality of care and better service user autonomy.

scholarly journals The Relationship between Family Meals and Mental Health Problems in Japanese Elementary School Children: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (17) ◽  
pp. 9281
Author(s):  
Noriko Kameyama ◽  
Yukina Morimoto ◽  
Ayako Hashimoto ◽  
Hiroko Inoue ◽  
Ikuko Nagaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Japanese Version ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Mental Health Status ◽  
Family Meals ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Eating Breakfast ◽  
The Relationship

The relative burden of mental health problems in children is increasing worldwide. Family meals have attracted attention as an effective modifiable factor for preventing children’s mental health problems. We examined the relationship between family meals and mental health problems in Japanese elementary schoolchildren. A cross-sectional, self-administered questionnaire survey was conducted with guardians of children aged 7 to 12 years in Gifu Prefecture, Japan. Frequency of family meals and with whom the child eats breakfast, lunch, and dinner were assessed separately for weekdays and weekends/holidays. Mental health was assessed using the Japanese version of the parent-reported Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. Multivariate adjusted odds ratios (ORs) for borderline/abnormal mental health status were calculated using logistic regression analysis. Of the 678 children, 24.9% had borderline/abnormal mental health status. Children eating breakfast with their family less than once a week (adjusted OR, 4.79; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.51–15.25) and those eating weekend breakfast alone (adjusted OR, 3.61; 95% CI, 1.42–9.23) had a higher prevalence of borderline/abnormal mental health status compared to those eating breakfast seven times a week and weekend breakfast with their family, respectively. These results suggest that family meals, especially breakfast, might be positively associated with better mental health in children.

scholarly journals Association between a national primary care pay-for-performance scheme and suicide rates in England: spatial cohort study

2018 ◽  
Vol 213 (4) ◽  
pp. 600-608
Author(s):  
Christos Grigoroglou ◽  
Luke Munford ◽  
Roger T. Webb ◽  
Nav Kapur ◽  
Tim Doran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Primary Care ◽  
Quality Of Care ◽  
Suicide Prevention ◽  
Suicide Risk ◽  
Pay For Performance ◽  
Social Fragmentation ◽  
Practice Performance ◽  
The Relationship

BackgroundPay-for-performance policies aim to improve population health by incentivising improvements in quality of care.AimsTo assess the relationship between general practice performance on severe mental illness (SMI) and depression indicators under a national incentivisation scheme and suicide risk in England for the period 2006–2014.MethodLongitudinal spatial analysis for 32 844 small-area geographical units (lower super output areas, LSOAs), using population-structure adjusted numbers of suicide as the outcome variable. Negative binomial models were fitted to investigate the relationship between spatially estimated recorded quality of care and suicide risk at the LSOA level. Incidence rate ratios (IRRs) were adjusted for deprivation, social fragmentation, prevalence of depression and SMI as well as other 2011 Census variables.ResultsNo association was found between practice performance on the mental health indicators and suicide incidence in practice localities (IRR=1.000, 95% CI 0.998–1.002). IRRs indicated elevated suicide risks linked with area-level social fragmentation (1.030; 95% CI 1.027–1.034), deprivation (1.013, 95% CI 1.012–1.014) and rurality (1.059, 95% CI 1.027–1.092).ConclusionsPrimary care has an important role to play in suicide prevention, but we did not observe a link between practices' higher reported quality of care on incentivised mental health activities and lower suicide rates in the local population. It is likely that effective suicide prevention needs a more concerted, multiagency approach. Better training in suicide prevention for general practitioners is also essential. These findings pertain to the UK but have relevance to other countries considering similar programmes.Declaration of interestNone.

scholarly journals  How psychological frustration tolerance and self-esteem influence the association between father absence and hostility in depressed adolescents: a multiple mediation model

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao-Ge Liu ◽  
Ru-Yue Xie ◽  
Yang Li ◽  
Fang Xiong ◽  
Wen-Tian Li
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Mental Health Center ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Father Absence ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Multiple Mediation ◽  
Frustration Tolerance ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background: In China, father absence is a very common phenomenon, causing many mental health problems, such as the hostility of depressed teenagers. This study is to explore the relationship between father absence and hostility of depressed adolescents as well as the mediating effects of self-esteem and psychological frustration tolerance.Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study among depressed adolescents in Wuhan mental health center. They were assessed with Father absence questionnaire, Chinese Hostility Inventory, Psychological Endurance Questionnaire and Self-esteem Scale. We used PROCESS macro for SPSS to perform mediation analyses.Results: The level of adolescent hostility was positively correlated with father absence, and negatively correlated with self-esteem and psychological frustration tolerance. Father absence had not a direct impact on the level of hostility with depression, but had indirect impact via psychological frustration tolerance and self-esteem. Conclusion: Psychological frustration tolerance and self-esteem has a chain mediating effect on the relationship between father absence and hostility. Future intervention strategies could focus on psychological frustration tolerance and self-esteem to reduce the level of hostility of adolescents with depression.

scholarly journals GP views on their role in bullying disclosure by children and young people in the community: a cross-sectional qualitative study in English primary care

2019 ◽  
Vol 69 (688) ◽  
pp. e752-e759
Author(s):  
Laura Condon ◽  
Vibhore Prasad
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Primary Care ◽  
Young People ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Health Consequences ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Children And Young People ◽  
Being Bullied

BackgroundBullying among children and young people (CYP) is a major public health concern that can lead to physical and mental health consequences. CYP may disclose bullying, and seek help from a GP. However, there is currently little research on GPs’ views on and perceptions of their role in dealing with disclosures of bullying in primary care.AimTo explore GPs’ views about their role in dealing with CYPs’ disclosures of being bullied, especially factors that have an impact on GPs’ roles.Design and settingIn this cross-sectional qualitative study, semi-structured interviews were conducted with GPs in primary care in England from October to December 2017.MethodPurposive sampling was used to achieve variation in GP age, professional status in practice, profile of the patients served by the practice, practice size and location, and whether the GPs considered themselves to be actively in research or teaching.ResultsData from 14 semi-structured interviews revealed three main themes: remaining clinically vigilant; impact of bullying in schools; and training and guidance on dealing with bullying and cyberbullying. GPs felt that dealing with disclosures of bullying and cyberbullying came down to their clinical experience rather than guideline recommendations, which do not currently exist, and that bullying was a precipitating factor in presentations of CYPs’ mental health issues.ConclusionGPs feel they have a role to play in managing and supporting the health of CYP who disclose being bullied during consultations. However, they feel ill-equipped to deal with these disclosures because of lack of professional development opportunities, and guidance on treating and managing the health consequences of being bullied.

scholarly journals Increase in prevalence of current mental disorders in the context of COVID-19: analysis of repeated nationwide cross-sectional surveys

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Winkler ◽  
T. Formanek ◽  
K. Mlada ◽  
A. Kagstrom ◽  
Z. Mohrova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Mental Disorder ◽  
Suicide Risk ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Mental Health Crisis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health Crisis

Abstract Aims The United Nations warned of COVID-19-related mental health crisis; however, it is unknown whether there is an increase in the prevalence of mental disorders as existing studies lack a reliable baseline analysis or they did not use a diagnostic measure. We aimed to analyse trends in the prevalence of mental disorders prior to and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods We analysed data from repeated cross-sectional surveys on a representative sample of non-institutionalised Czech adults (18+ years) from both November 2017 (n = 3306; 54% females) and May 2020 (n = 3021; 52% females). We used Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI) as the main screening instrument. We calculated descriptive statistics and compared the prevalence of current mood and anxiety disorders, suicide risk and alcohol-related disorders at baseline and right after the first peak of COVID-19 when related lockdown was still in place in CZ. In addition, using logistic regression, we assessed the association between COVID-19-related worries and the presence of mental disorders. Results The prevalence of those experiencing symptoms of at least one current mental disorder rose from a baseline of 20.02 (95% CI = 18.64; 21.39) in 2017 to 29.63 (95% CI = 27.9; 31.37) in 2020 during the COVID-19 pandemic. The prevalence of both major depressive disorder (3.96, 95% CI = 3.28; 4.62 v. 11.77, 95% CI = 10.56; 12.99); and suicide risk (3.88, 95% CI = 3.21; 4.52 v. 11.88, 95% CI = 10.64; 13.07) tripled and current anxiety disorders almost doubled (7.79, 95% CI = 6.87; 8.7 v. 12.84, 95% CI = 11.6; 14.05). The prevalence of alcohol use disorders in 2020 was approximately the same as in 2017 (10.84, 95% CI = 9.78; 11.89 v. 9.88, 95% CI = 8.74; 10.98); however, there was a significant increase in weekly binge drinking behaviours (4.07% v. 6.39%). Strong worries about both, health or economic consequences of COVID-19, were associated with an increased odds of having a mental disorder (1.63, 95% CI = 1.4; 1.89 and 1.42, 95% CI = 1.23; 1.63 respectively). Conclusions This study provides evidence matching concerns that COVID-19-related mental health problems pose a major threat to populations, particularly considering the barriers in service provision posed during lockdown. This finding emphasises an urgent need to scale up mental health promotion and prevention globally.

scholarly journals The effect of Sexual violence on women’s suicide risk. A mediation analysis based on the nationally-representative 2017 French Health Barometer survey

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
F El-Khoury ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Sexual Assault ◽  
Sexual Violence ◽  
Suicide Risk ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Nationally Representative

Abstract Objectives The experience of sexual violence has been associated with a host of mental health problems, especially among women. However, data on this association from a large sample of general population is surprisingly limited. Also, no study quantifies sex-differences in the effect of sexual victimization on suicide risk. Methods The French “Health Barometer” (Baromètre Santé) is a cross-sectional phone survey, which recruited a nationally representative sample of French adults aged 18 to 75 years in 2017 (n = 25319). Data were weighted to be representative of the French adult population. The Experience and timing of lifetime physical sexual violence, as well as suicide risk were measured for all participants. We conducted adjusted mediation analyses, using the counterfactual approach, to evaluate the contribution that lifetime sexual victimisation has in the association between sex and suicide risk. Results The median age for the first experience of sexual violence was 12. Women were around five times more likely to report lifetime sexual violence compared to men (9.1% vs 1.9%), and were more at risk of any suicidal ideation (Ora =1.20 (95%CI: 1.07-1.36)) and suicidal imagery (Ora=1.39 (95%CI: 1.20 -1.61)). We estimated that 47% of the increased risk of suicidal ideation in the preceding year women have compared to men is mediated by lifetime sexual assault. Lifetime sexual assault also explained 39% of the association between sex and having imagery of suicide. Discussion Our findings reiterate the importance of the prevention of sexual violence and an adequate care for sexual assault victims, especially women, in public health and mental health policies and initiatives.

scholarly journals Multiple Victimization Experiences, Resources, and Co-Occurring Mental Health Problems Among Substance-Using Adolescents

2012 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 744-763 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bushra Sabri ◽  
Johns Hopkins University ◽  
Carol Coohey ◽  
Jacquelyn Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Screening Program ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Social Resources ◽  
Mental Health Needs ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Relationship

This study examined the relationship between multiple types of victimization experiences, psychological and social resources, and co-occurring mental health problems among substance-using adolescents. Data for this cross-sectional study were obtained from a multisite research project in which adolescents ages 11–18 years participated in a comprehensive screening program for substance misuse. Multiple types of victimization, low self-efficacy beliefs, lack of support for victimization issues, and available sources of emotional support were positively related to co-occurring mental health problems. These findings suggest that treatment planning and interventions may focus on helping adolescents cope effectively with their victimization experiences and addressing their mental health needs. Particular emphasis may be placed on enhancing self-efficacy and social skills so that adolescents may benefit from their available sources of social support.

scholarly journals Influence of Parental Attitude Toward Psychiatric Help on Their Children’s Suicidal Ideation: A Convenience Sample Study on One South Korean Middle School

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (20) ◽  
pp. 7656
Author(s):  
Yoo Mi Jeong ◽  
Hanjong Park
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Parental Attitude ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Children’S Depression ◽  
Serial Mediation ◽  
The Relationship

Depression, depression stigma, and attitude toward psychiatric help are associated factors of suicide in adolescents. As parents are the main decision-makers of receiving professional help for their children’s depression and suicide, parental factors influencing their children’s suicide should be examined. Moreover, parents’ help-seeking attitude for their own mental health problems could affect their children’s mental health problems. Therefore, this study examined the serial mediation of adolescents’ depression, depression stigma, and attitude toward psychiatric help in the relationship between parental attitude toward psychiatric help and the suicidal ideation of their children, using data of 103 parent–child pairs. A cross-sectional study was conducted by employing a self-administered survey. A serial mediation analysis was performed using Amos 25.0. Parental attitude toward psychiatric help directly and indirectly influenced children’s suicidal ideation. Children’s depression stigma, attitude toward psychiatric help, and depression mediated the relationship of parental attitude toward psychiatric help and their children’s suicidal ideation. When parents have a more positive attitude toward psychiatric help, their children’s suicidal ideation become more decreased. Enhancing only parental attitude toward psychiatric help may make a positive change on their children’s suicidal ideation. The study findings imply that when developing and applying youth suicide prevention programs, how parents affect their children’s suicidal ideation should be considered as well as adolescents’ depression stigma, attitude toward psychiatric help, and depression. Given the results of this study, healthcare providers may better evaluate the effectiveness of their intervention programs for preventing adolescents’ suicide.

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