The Assessment of Charismatic Leadership

2008 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 124-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jens Rowold ◽  
Martin Kersting
Keyword(s):  
Transactional Leadership ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Charismatic Leadership ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Factorial Validity ◽  
Divergent Validity ◽  
Leadership Theories ◽  
Initiating Structure ◽  
Transformational And Transactional Leadership

This paper examines the psychometric properties of a German version of the Conger-Kanungo Scale (CKS) of charismatic leadership, and compares charismatic leadership with the two leadership paradigms that have dominated theory and practice to date: the transformational/transactional paradigm and the consideration/initiating structure paradigm. An empirical study (N = 404) was conducted to explore aspects of reliability and validity of the CKS. In terms of construct validity, it was demonstrated that the translated instrument had adequate factorial validity. In addition, charismatic leadership measured in terms of the CKS showed convergent validity with respect to both transformational and transactional leadership and initiating structure, and divergent validity with respect to laissez-faire and consideration. In sum, the results contribute to leadership theory (e.g., comparing and contrasting several leadership theories) and practice.

scholarly journals Examining the Factor Structure of a Risk Assessment Inventory in Young Offenders: FER-R, Risk and Resource Assessment Form

2022 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 756
Author(s):  
Paula Alarcón ◽  
Ricardo Pérez-Luco ◽  
Sergio Chesta ◽  
Lorena Wenger ◽  
Andrés Concha-Salgado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Construct Validity ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Resource Assessment ◽  
Professional Judgment ◽  
Young Offenders ◽  
Factorial Validity ◽  
Factorial Structure ◽  
Divergent Validity ◽  
Individualized Intervention ◽  
Structured Professional Judgment

The FER-R, Risk and Resource Assessment Form, is a multidimensional inventory of structured professional judgment that assesses criminogenic risks and resources for the design and management of individualized intervention plans with criminally sanctioned adolescents. The aim of this study was to examine the psychometric properties of the FER-R, reviewing its factorial structure to contribute evidence of convergent and discriminant construct validity in a sample of adolescents sentenced for crimes in Chile. For each domain (risks and resources) with its respective facets, a unidimensional bifactor structure (CFA-BF) was obtained, with adequate indices of fit that confirmed its construct validity, while the convergent validity was demonstrated with the YLS/CMI and the divergent validity with two MACI scales. The FER-R adds factorial validity to the evidence of the previously reported predictive validity, making it a robust inventory for the evaluation of young offenders, and a relevant tool to manage differentiated interventions in Chile, with a high potential for use in Latin America. The importance of finding a suitable balance in assessing risks and protective factors is discussed, in order to manage interventions adjusted to the needs of the adolescents to promote their criminal desistance.

The Youth Version of the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule: A Psychometric Validation

1998 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 187-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kay Wilson ◽  
Eleonora Gullone ◽  
Simon Moss
Keyword(s):  
Negative Affect ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Psychometric Validation ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Positive And Negative Affect ◽  
Divergent Validity ◽  
Good Reliability ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
High Internal Consistency

This study investigated the psychometric properties of the revised Positive and Negative Affect Schedule for Children (PANAS-C; Joiner, Catanzaro & Laurent, 1996) in 228 nonclinical children and adolescents aged between 8 and 15 years. The results revealed that the PANAS-C possesses high internal consistency and encouraging convergent validity, as demonstrated by correlations with the theoretically related constructs of Neuroticism and Extraversion. Construct validity was supported through confirmatory factor analysis, which revealed a two dimensional structure comprising Negative and Positive Affect. Divergent validity was confirmed by the nonsignificant correlation between positive and negative affect. Thus, the PANAS-C was demonstrated to have good reliability and validity, subject to minor changes in item content.

scholarly journals The psychometric properties of a shortened corporate entrepreneurship assessment instrument

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Renier Steyn
Keyword(s):  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
South African ◽  
Employee Engagement ◽  
Concurrent Validity ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Corporate Entrepreneurship ◽  
Assessment Instrument ◽  
Factorial Validity ◽  
Divergent Validity ◽  
Entrepreneurial Climate

Background: The entrepreneurial climate in organisations is often seen as an important antecedent to innovation and organisational success. Assessing the nature of the climate in a reliable and valid manner is essential, as this will guide the implementation of appropriate interventions where necessary as well as assessing the effects of such interventions.Aim: The aim of this research was to evaluate the psychometric properties of a measure of entrepreneurial climate. Entrepreneurial climate was measured using a shortened version of the Hornsby, Kuratko and Zahra (2002) instrument, called the Corporate Entrepreneurship Assessment Instrument (CEAI). Making information on the psychometric properties of the instrument available directly relates to its utility.Setting: The setting was medium to large South African companies. A random sample of employees was drawn from 53 selected companies across South Africa, with 60 respondents per company (N = 3 180).Methods: A cross-sectional survey design was used. Several instruments were administered, including the shortened version of the CEAI. Cronbach’s alpha was used to test for reliability and several methods were used to test for validity. Correlation analysis was used to test for concurrent validity, convergent validity and divergent validity. Principle component factor analysis was used to test for factorial validity and a t-test to test for known-group validity.Results: The results showed that the reliability for the total score of the shortened version of the CEAI was acceptable at 0.758. The results also showed some evidence of concurrent validity, as well as homogeneity among the items. With regard to factorial validity, all items loaded in accordance with the subscales of the instrument. The measure was able to distinguish, as expected, between government organisations and private business entities, suggesting known-group validity. Convergent validity and divergent validity were also assessed. Interesting to note was that entrepreneurship climate correlates more with general employee attitude (e.g. employee engagement; R= 0.420, p < 0.001 and organisational commitment, R = 0.331, p < 0.001) than with self-reported innovation (R = 0.277, p < 0.001 and R = 0.267, p < 0.001).Contribution: This paper not only provided information on the reliability and validity of the shortened version of the CEAI in the South African context but also provides norms to be used when researchers or consultants work with smaller groups. Recommendations on the appropriate use of the instrument are offered and this contributes to the responsible use of the instrument.

Integrating leadership research: a meta-analytical test of Yukl’s meta-categories of leadership

2016 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
pp. 1340-1366 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lars Borgmann ◽  
Jens Rowold ◽  
Kai Christian Bormann
Keyword(s):  
Transactional Leadership ◽  
Effective Leadership ◽  
Leadership Behavior ◽  
Leadership Studies ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Initiating Structure ◽  
Transformational And Transactional Leadership ◽  
Laissez Faire ◽  
Leadership Research ◽  
Leader Selection

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to test the theoretical proposition, put forward by Yukl et al. (2002), that the leadership constructs of transformational and transactional leadership, laissez-faire, consideration, and initiating structure can be arranged into three meta-categories of leadership, namely, relations, task, and change-oriented leadership. Design/methodology/approach After a comprehensive literature search, 1,402 correlations from 286 sources were obtained which referred to the above mentioned leadership constructs and outcome criteria of effective leadership. Findings It was found that three meta-categories of leadership (i.e. relations, task, and change-oriented leadership) were sufficient to explain the leadership constructs of transformational and transactional leadership, laissez-faire, consideration, and initiating structure. Moreover, it was also found that change-oriented leadership was most effective in predicting the job satisfaction of followers. In contrast, relations-oriented leadership accounted for most of the variance in both commitment and job performance. Research limitations/implications In combination, these results allow for a more comprehensive, integrative description of effective leadership behavior. Practical implications The results have implications for leadership assessment and development as well as leader selection and feedback. Originality/value Applying Occam’s razor, and in contrast to the majority of prior leadership studies, the present meta-analytical study provided evidence that three categories of leadership behaviors allow for a precise and comprehensive description of effective leadership behavior.

Relationship Of Creative Management, Teacher Effectiveness, Teacher Stress And Teacher Commitment With Different Dimensions Of Managerial Leadership

Think India ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 2007-2026
Author(s):  
Deepa Sikand
Keyword(s):  
Teacher Effectiveness ◽  
Transactional Leadership ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Teacher Stress ◽  
Teacher Commitment ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Managerial Leadership ◽  
Transformational And Transactional Leadership ◽  
Different Dimensions ◽  
Relationship Of

The present study was conducted to study the relationship of creative management, teacher effectiveness, teacher stress and teacher commitment with different dimensions of managerial leadership. In order to conduct present study 450 teacher educators with doctorate degree and without doctorate degrees, with different levels of experience were selected from 45 selected colleges of education taking 10 teachers from each institution were selected randomly. Creative Management Scale prepared by the investigator, Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire (Bass and Avolio, 2003), Teacher Commitment Questionnaire (AmitKauts and AachalKalia, 2012), Teacher Effectiveness Scale (Mutha, 1982)and Teacher Stress Questionnarie (Otto (1983) and Adapted by Max Smith and Sid)were used as tools for the present study. The findings of the study revealed that there is significant relationship in the creative management and managerial leadership. This means that variation in the creative management in any manner would have remarkable impact on the managerial leadership and vice versa. It is also found that there is significant relationship in the teacher effectiveness and managerial leadership. Hence, increased practice of transformational and transactional leadership would ensure better teaching effectiveness in the educational institutions and vice versa. Another finding is that there is significant relationship in the teacher stress and managerial leadership. This means that increased teacher stress may become a cause for the action orientation of managerial leadership and managerial leadership may also act as a stressor among teaching professionals. It is also found that there is significant relationship in the teacher commitment and managerial leadership for transformational and transactional leadership dimensions of Managerial Leadership. Hence, increased practice of transformational and transactional leadership would ensure better teaching commitment in the educational institutions and vice versa.

scholarly journals Construct and Predictive Validity of an Assessment Game to Measure Honesty–Humility

Assessment ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 107319112098561 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ard J. Barends ◽  
Reinout E. de Vries ◽  
Mark van Vugt
Keyword(s):  
Computer Games ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Incremental Validity ◽  
The Other ◽  
Personality Measurement ◽  
Divergent Validity ◽  
Personality Profiles ◽  
Personality Assessments ◽  
Financial Gain ◽  
Unethical Behaviors

Research on commercial computer games has demonstrated that in-game behavior is related to the players’ personality profiles. However, this potential has not yet been fully utilized for personality assessments. Hence, we developed an applied (i.e., serious) assessment game to assess the Honesty–Humility personality trait. In two studies, we demonstrate that this game adequately assesses Honesty–Humility. In Study 1 ( N = 116), we demonstrate convergent validity of the assessment game with self-reported Honesty–Humility and divergent validity with the other HEXACO traits and cognitive ability. In Study 2 ( N = 287), we replicate the findings from Study 1, and also demonstrate that the assessment game shows incremental validity—beyond self-reported personality—in the prediction of cheating for financial gain, but not of counterproductive work and unethical behaviors. The findings demonstrate that assessment games are promising tools for personality measurement in applied contexts.

How Czecho-Slovakia Bounces Back: Population-Based Validation of the Brief Resilience Scale in Two Central European Countries

2021 ◽  
pp. 003329412110296
Author(s):  
Jana Furstova ◽  
Natalia Kascakova ◽  
Iva Polackova Solcova ◽  
Jozef Hasto ◽  
Peter Tavel
Keyword(s):  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Resilience Scale ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Mental Well Being ◽  
Best Fit

Objective In recent years, resilience has become a focus of research in the medical and behavioral sciences. The Brief Resilience Scale (BRS) was developed to assess the individual ability to recover from stress (“to bounce back”) after experiencing adversities. The aim of the study was to validate the Czech and Slovak versions of the BRS. Methods A representative sample of the Czech and Slovak populations (NCZ = 1800, mean age MCZ = 46.6, SDCZ = 17.4, 48.7% of men; NSK = 1018, mean age MSK = 46.2, SDSK = 16.6, 48.7% men) completed a survey assessing their health and well-being. Several confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) models of the BRS were compared to find the best fit. Cronbach’s alpha and McDonald’s omega coefficients of reliability were evaluated. Convergent validity was assessed by correlating resilience (BRS), physical and mental well-being (SF-8) and psychopathology symptoms (BSI-53). Differences in gender and age groups were appraised. Results A single-factor model with method effects on the reverse items was evaluated to best fit the data in both the Czech and Slovak samples (χ2CZ(6) = 39.0, p < 0.001, CFICZ = 0.998, TLICZ = 0.995, RMSEACZ = 0.055, SRMRCZ = 0.024; χ2SK(6) = 23.9, p < 0.001, CFISK = 0.998, TLISK = 0.995, RMSEASK = 0.054, SRMRSK = 0.009). The reliability was high in both samples (αCZ = 0.80, ωCZ = 0.85; αSK = 0.86, ωSK = 0.91). The BRS was positively associated with physical and mental well-being and negatively associated with somatization, depression and anxiety. In both countries, a lower BRS score was associated with higher age. Czech men reported significantly higher BRS scores than women. No significant difference was found in the mean BRS scores between the two countries. Conclusion This study provides evidence of good psychometric properties, reliability and validity of the Czech and Slovak adaptations of the BRS.

Examining the Link Between Character Strengths and Positive and Negative Mental Health Indicators in Iranian Adolescents

2021 ◽  
pp. 073428292110053
Author(s):  
Mahsa Jabbari ◽  
Shahriar Shahidi ◽  
Leili Panaghi ◽  
Mohammad Ali Mazaheri ◽  
Eva Oberle
Keyword(s):  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Character Strengths ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Positive Development ◽  
Response Patterns ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Grade Level Differences

Character strengths are an important foundation for positive development and thriving in adolescence. Most research on character strengths has been conducted with youths in Western cultures. We examined character strengths in relation to positive and negative well-being indicators in a sample of Iranian youths. We investigated the reliability and validity of the Farsi version of the Values in Action Inventory of Strengths for Youth (VIA Y-96)—a self-report survey commonly used in Western contexts. Participants were adolescents in Iran ( N = 1,359; 48.5% female; M age = 13.54, SD = 1.00) who completed the VIA Y-96 and questionnaires assessing life satisfaction, positive/negative experiences, depression, anxiety, and stress. We found that reliability coefficients were acceptable for most of the VIA subscales. A confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), as well as a second-order CFA, supported the construct validity of the Farsi VIA Y-96. Correlations between the character strengths and positive and negative well-being indicators supported convergent validity. Measurement invariance for the VIA Y-96 was established in this study comparing boys’ and girls’ response patterns. Sex and grade level differences were found for some of the subscales. Overall, the Farsi VIA Y-96 had acceptable psychometric properties, suggesting that it can be used in research on character strengths with Iranian youths.

Validity and reliability of the Mandarin version of the Treatment Burden Questionnaire among stroke patients in Mainland China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qi Zhang ◽  
Ke Zhang ◽  
Miao Li ◽  
Jiaxin Gu ◽  
Xintong Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Treatment Burden ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Retest Reliability ◽  
Test Retest Reliability

Abstract Objectives To examine the validity and reliability of the Mandarin version of the Treatment Burden Questionnaire (TBQ) among stroke patients. Background Stroke patients need long-term management of symptoms and life situation, and treatment burden has recently emerged as a new concept that can influence the health outcomes during the rehabilitation process. Methods The convenience sampling method was used to recruit 187 cases of stroke patients in a tertiary grade hospital in Tianjin for a formal investigation. Item analysis, reliability and validity tests were carried out. The reliability test included internal consistency and test–retest reliability. And as well as content, structure and convergent validity were performed for the validity test. Results Of the 187 completed questionnaires, only 180 (96.3%) were suitable for analysis. According to the experts’ evaluation, the I-CVI of each item was from 0.833 to 1.000, and the S-CVI was 0.967. The exploratory factor analysis yielded three-factor components with a cumulative variation of 53.054%. Convergent validity was demonstrated using measures of Morisky’s Medication Adherence Scale 8 (r = –0.450, P &lt; 0.01). All correlations between items and global scores ranged from 0.403 to 0.638. Internal consistency reliability and test–retest reliability were found to be acceptable, as indicated by a Cronbach’s α of 0.824 and an intraclass correlation coefficient of 0.846, respectively. Conclusions The Mandarin TBQ had acceptable validity and reliability. The use of TBQ in the assessment of treatment burden of stroke survivor may benefit health resources allocation and provide tailor therapeutic interventions to construct minimally disruptive care.

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