The psychometric properties of a shortened corporate entrepreneurship assessment instrument

Background: The entrepreneurial climate in organisations is often seen as an important antecedent to innovation and organisational success. Assessing the nature of the climate in a reliable and valid manner is essential, as this will guide the implementation of appropriate interventions where necessary as well as assessing the effects of such interventions.Aim: The aim of this research was to evaluate the psychometric properties of a measure of entrepreneurial climate. Entrepreneurial climate was measured using a shortened version of the Hornsby, Kuratko and Zahra (2002) instrument, called the Corporate Entrepreneurship Assessment Instrument (CEAI). Making information on the psychometric properties of the instrument available directly relates to its utility.Setting: The setting was medium to large South African companies. A random sample of employees was drawn from 53 selected companies across South Africa, with 60 respondents per company (N = 3 180).Methods: A cross-sectional survey design was used. Several instruments were administered, including the shortened version of the CEAI. Cronbach’s alpha was used to test for reliability and several methods were used to test for validity. Correlation analysis was used to test for concurrent validity, convergent validity and divergent validity. Principle component factor analysis was used to test for factorial validity and a t-test to test for known-group validity.Results: The results showed that the reliability for the total score of the shortened version of the CEAI was acceptable at 0.758. The results also showed some evidence of concurrent validity, as well as homogeneity among the items. With regard to factorial validity, all items loaded in accordance with the subscales of the instrument. The measure was able to distinguish, as expected, between government organisations and private business entities, suggesting known-group validity. Convergent validity and divergent validity were also assessed. Interesting to note was that entrepreneurship climate correlates more with general employee attitude (e.g. employee engagement; R= 0.420, p < 0.001 and organisational commitment, R = 0.331, p < 0.001) than with self-reported innovation (R = 0.277, p < 0.001 and R = 0.267, p < 0.001).Contribution: This paper not only provided information on the reliability and validity of the shortened version of the CEAI in the South African context but also provides norms to be used when researchers or consultants work with smaller groups. Recommendations on the appropriate use of the instrument are offered and this contributes to the responsible use of the instrument.

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The Self-Expansiveness Level Form: Examination of its Validity and Relation to the Neo Personality Inventory—Revised

Psychological Reports ◽

10.2466/pr0.2000.86.3.707 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 86 (3) ◽

pp. 707-726 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Douglas A. MacDonald ◽

Joel J. Gagnier ◽

Harris L. Friedman

Keyword(s):

Psychometric Properties ◽

Concurrent Validity ◽

Convergent Validity ◽

Personality Inventory ◽

The Self ◽

Self Concept ◽

Factorial Validity ◽

Neo Personality Inventory ◽

Neo Personality Inventory Revised ◽

Two Measures

This study examined the validity of the Self-expansiveness Level Form of Friedman with particular emphasis on the Transpersonal subscale, a measure of transpersonal self-concept, in terms of its basic psychometric properties and its relation to the NEO Personality Inventory–Revised. Support for the basic psychometric properties of the scale in terms of reliability, factorial validity, and concurrent validity was obtained; however, support was limited for convergent validity as correlations between scores on the Transpersonal subscale and measures of theoretically related constructs were low. Correlational analyses involving the Self-expansiveness Level Form and NEO Personality Inventory–Revised indicated that Transpersonal scores were not appreciably associated with the NEO Personality Inventory–Revised domains. Moreover, factor analysis of NEO Personality Inventory–Revised facets and Self-expansiveness Level Form items generated a solution in which the two measures contributed to separate factors. Discussion of the implications and limitations of the findings is included.

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Examining the Factor Structure of a Risk Assessment Inventory in Young Offenders: FER-R, Risk and Resource Assessment Form

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph19020756 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 19 (2) ◽

pp. 756

Author(s):

Paula Alarcón ◽

Ricardo Pérez-Luco ◽

Sergio Chesta ◽

Lorena Wenger ◽

Andrés Concha-Salgado ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Construct Validity ◽

Convergent Validity ◽

Resource Assessment ◽

Professional Judgment ◽

Young Offenders ◽

Factorial Validity ◽

Factorial Structure ◽

Divergent Validity ◽

Individualized Intervention ◽

Structured Professional Judgment

The FER-R, Risk and Resource Assessment Form, is a multidimensional inventory of structured professional judgment that assesses criminogenic risks and resources for the design and management of individualized intervention plans with criminally sanctioned adolescents. The aim of this study was to examine the psychometric properties of the FER-R, reviewing its factorial structure to contribute evidence of convergent and discriminant construct validity in a sample of adolescents sentenced for crimes in Chile. For each domain (risks and resources) with its respective facets, a unidimensional bifactor structure (CFA-BF) was obtained, with adequate indices of fit that confirmed its construct validity, while the convergent validity was demonstrated with the YLS/CMI and the divergent validity with two MACI scales. The FER-R adds factorial validity to the evidence of the previously reported predictive validity, making it a robust inventory for the evaluation of young offenders, and a relevant tool to manage differentiated interventions in Chile, with a high potential for use in Latin America. The importance of finding a suitable balance in assessing risks and protective factors is discussed, in order to manage interventions adjusted to the needs of the adolescents to promote their criminal desistance.

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Psychometric properties of BREALD-30 for assessing adolescents’ oral health literacy

Revista de Saúde Pública ◽

10.11606/s1518-8787.2019053000999 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 53 ◽

pp. 53 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Larissa Chaves Morais de Lima ◽

Érick Tássio Barbosa Neves ◽

Laio Da Costa Dutra ◽

Ramon Targino Firmino ◽

Luiza Jordânia Serafim de Araújo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oral Health ◽

Health Literacy ◽

Psychometric Properties ◽

Internal Consistency ◽

Convergent Validity ◽

Divergent Validity ◽

Oral Health Literacy ◽

Functional Literacy ◽

Carious Lesions ◽

Test Retest Reliability

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the psychometric properties of the Brazilian Portuguese version of the Rapid Estimate of Adult Literacy in Dentistry (BREALD-30) administered to adolescents. METHODS: The study included 750 adolescents: 375 aged 12 years and 375 aged 15–19 years, attending public and private schools in Campina Grande, state of Paraíba, Brazil, in 2017. Reliability was measured based on internal consistency and test-retest reliability. Convergent validity was measured based on correlations between BREALD-30 and Functional Literacy Indicator scores. Divergent validity was measured by comparing BREALD-30 scores with sociodemographic variables. For predictive validity, the association between BREALD-30 scores and the presence of cavitated carious lesions was tested using a multiple logistic regression model. All statistical tests were performed with a significance level of 5%. RESULTS: BREALD-30 showed good internal consistency for the 12 year olds and 15 to19 year olds (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.871 and 0.834, respectively) and good test-retest reliability [intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) = 0.898 and 0.974; kappa = 0.804 and 0.808, respectively]. Moreover, item-total correlation was satisfactory for all items. BREALD-30 had convergent validity with the Functional Literacy Indicator for 12 year olds (rs = 0.558, p < 0.001) and for 15 to 19 year olds (rs = 0.652, p < 0.001). Participants with higher oral health literacy levels who attended private schools (p < 0.001), belonged to economic classes A and B2 (p < 0.001), and who had parents with higher education levels (p < 0.001) were included, indicating the divergent validity of the BREALD-30. Participants with lower BREALD-30 scores were more likely to have cavitated carious lesions [12 year olds: odds ratio (OR) = 2.37; 95% confidence interval (95%CI): 1.48–3.80; 15 to 19 year olds: OR = 1.96; 95%CI 1.24–3.11]. CONCLUSIONS: BREALD-30 shows satisfactory psychometric properties for use on Brazilian adolescents and can be applied as a fast, simple, and reliable measure of oral health literacy.

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Psychometric properties of the Geriatric Anxiety Inventory (GAI) and its short-form (GAI-SF) in a clinical and non-clinical sample of older adults

International Psychogeriatrics ◽

10.1017/s1041610214001586 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 27 (7) ◽

pp. 1089-1097 ◽

Cited By ~ 33

Author(s):

Carly Johnco ◽

Ashleigh Knight ◽

Dusanka Tadic ◽

Viviana M. Wuthrich

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Psychometric Properties ◽

Internal Consistency ◽

Convergent Validity ◽

Short Form ◽

Clinical Sample ◽

Clinical Status ◽

Control Sample ◽

Clinical Samples ◽

Divergent Validity

ABSTRACTBackground:The Geriatric Anxiety Inventory is a 20-item geriatric-specific measure of anxiety severity. While studies suggest good internal consistency and convergent validity, divergent validity from measures of depression are weak. Clinical cutoffs have been developed that vary across studies due to the small clinical samples used. A six-item short form (GAI-SF) has been developed, and while this scale is promising, the research assessing the psychometrics of this scale is limited.Methods:This study examined the psychometric properties of GAI and GAI-SF in a large sample of 197 clinical geriatric participants with a comorbid anxiety and unipolar mood disorder, and a non-clinical control sample (N = 59).Results:The internal consistency and convergent validity with other measures of anxiety was adequate for GAI and GAI-SF. Divergent validity from depressive symptoms was good in the clinical sample but weak in the total and non-clinical samples. Divergent validity from cognitive functioning was good in all samples. The one-factor structure was replicated for both measures. Receiver Operating Characteristic analyses indicated that the GAI is more accurate at identifying clinical status than the GAI-SF, although the sensitivity and specificity for the recommended cutoffs was adequate for both measures.Conclusions:Both GAI and GAI-SF show good psychometric properties for identifying geriatric anxiety. The GAI-SF may be a useful alternative screening measure for identifying anxiety in older adults.

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Psychometric Evaluation of the TWente Engagement with Ehealth Technologies Scale (TWEETS): Evaluation Study (Preprint)

10.2196/preprints.17757 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Saskia Marion Kelders ◽

Hanneke Kip ◽

Japie Greeff

Keyword(s):

Behavior Change ◽

Psychometric Properties ◽

Predictive Validity ◽

Internal Consistency ◽

Convergent Validity ◽

Digital Health ◽

Internal Consistency Reliability ◽

Divergent Validity ◽

Time Points ◽

Perceived Behavior

BACKGROUND Engagement emerges as a predictor for the effectiveness of digital health interventions. However, a shared understanding of engagement is missing. Therefore, a new scale has been developed that proposes a clear definition and creates a tool to measure it. The TWente Engagement with Ehealth Technologies Scale (TWEETS) is based on a systematic review and interviews with engaged health app users. It defines engagement as a combination of behavior, cognition, and affect. OBJECTIVE This paper aims to evaluate the psychometric properties of the TWEETS. In addition, a comparison is made with the experiential part of the Digital Behavior Change Intervention Engagement Scale (DBCI-ES-Ex), a scale that showed some issues in previous psychometric analyses. METHODS In this study, 288 participants were asked to use any step counter app on their smartphones for 2 weeks. They completed online questionnaires at 4 time points: T0=baseline, T1=after 1 day, T2=1 week, and T3=2 weeks. At T0, demographics and personality (conscientiousness and intellect/imagination) were assessed; at T1-T3, engagement, involvement, enjoyment, subjective usage, and perceived behavior change were included as measures that are theoretically related to our definition of engagement. Analyses focused on internal consistency, reliability, and the convergent, divergent, and predictive validity of both engagement scales. Convergent validity was assessed by correlating the engagement scales with involvement, enjoyment, and subjective usage; divergent validity was assessed by correlating the engagement scales with personality; and predictive validity was assessed by regression analyses using engagement to predict perceived behavior change at later time points. RESULTS The Cronbach alpha values of the TWEETS were .86, .86, and .87 on T1, T2, and T3, respectively. Exploratory factor analyses indicated that a 1-factor structure best fits the data. The TWEETS is moderately to strongly correlated with involvement and enjoyment (theoretically related to cognitive and affective engagement, respectively; <i>P</i><.001). Correlations between the TWEETS and frequency of use were nonsignificant or small, and differences between adherers and nonadherers on the TWEETS were significant (<i>P</i><.001). Correlations between personality and the TWEETS were nonsignificant. The TWEETS at T1 was predictive of perceived behavior change at T3, with an explained variance of 16%. The psychometric properties of the TWEETS and the DBCI-ES-Ex seemed comparable in some aspects (eg, internal consistency), and in other aspects, the TWEETS seemed somewhat superior (divergent and predictive validity). CONCLUSIONS The TWEETS performs quite well as an engagement measure with high internal consistency, reasonable test-retest reliability and convergent validity, good divergent validity, and reasonable predictive validity. As the psychometric quality of a scale is a reflection of how closely a scale matches the conceptualization of a concept, this paper is also an attempt to conceptualize and define engagement as a unique concept, providing a first step toward an acceptable standard of defining and measuring engagement.

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Development and psychometric properties of the Portuguese version of the Orofacial Esthetic Scale: OES-Pt

PeerJ ◽

10.7717/peerj.8814 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

pp. e8814

Author(s):

Lucas A. Campos ◽

João Marôco ◽

Mike T. John ◽

Ary Santos-Pinto ◽

Juliana A.D.B. Campos

Keyword(s):

Psychometric Properties ◽

Measurement Invariance ◽

Concurrent Validity ◽

Convergent Validity ◽

Structural Equation ◽

Dental Treatment ◽

Sociodemographic Characteristics ◽

Convenience Sample ◽

Portuguese Version ◽

The Relationship

Background The Orofacial Esthetic Scale (OES) is an instrument to assess an individual’s perception of their Orofacial Appearance (OA). However, its translation and evaluation of psychometric properties is necessary for its use in Brazilian individuals. Objectives To develop the Portuguese version of OES (OES-Pt), estimate its psychometric properties (validity, measurement invariance and reliability) when applied to Brazilian individuals aged 18–40 years, and estimate the relationship between sociodemographic characteristics and OA. Methods This was a cross‐sectional study using a convenience sample. The sample consisted of 1,072 Brazilian individuals (70.1% female, 25.1% dental patients; mean ± SD age: 25.7 ± 5.7 years). After cross-cultural adaptation of OES-Pt, factorial validity was evaluated by confirmatory factor analysis. Convergent validity (average variance extracted (AVE)) and reliability (Cronbach’s alpha coefficient (α) and Composite Reliability (CR)) were also estimated. Concurrent validity was assessed (Pearson’s correlational analysis (r) between OES-Pt total score and item eight of the OES which refers to global assessment of OA). Measurement invariance of the factorial model (multigroup analysis using ΔCFI) was evaluated for independent samples (sample randomly split into two: “Test Sample” and “Validation Sample” and according to sex: male and female, age range: 18–30 and 31–40 years, and whether the individual is undergoing dental treatment or not). A Structural Equation Model estimated the relationship between sociodemographic characteristics and OA. Results OES-Pt presented adequate fit to the sample. Convergent validity (AVE ≥ 0.56) and reliability (α and CR ≥ 0.89) were adequate. Concurrent validity was adequate (r = 0.88; p-value < 0.001). OES-Pt presented strict invariance for independent samples. Age, sex, and socioeconomic status (SES) were related to OA, indicated by standardized beta coefficients (standardized β) of 0.036 (standard error: 0.007), 0.001 (0.094) and 0.196 (0.061), respectively on OA. These three relationships were either weak or not statistically significant. Conclusions When measuring OA in Brazilian individuals, the OES-Pt was valid, reliable and invariant for independent samples. Age, sex and SES were weak or not statistically significantly related to OA.

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Assessing Self-Efficacy for Self-Regulation of Academic Writing

European Journal of Psychological Assessment ◽

10.1027/1015-5759/a000452 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 35 (5) ◽

pp. 751-761 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Christiane Golombek ◽

Katrin B. Klingsieck ◽

Ingrid Scharlau

Keyword(s):

Higher Education ◽

Psychometric Properties ◽

Academic Writing ◽

Self Efficacy ◽

Convergent Validity ◽

Self Regulation ◽

Factorial Validity ◽

Research And Practice ◽

Self Regulated Learning ◽

The Third

Abstract. Academic writing is a complex and demanding activity that plays an important role in self-regulated learning settings within higher education. Self-efficacy and self-regulation are crucial factors for success and failure in academic writing. Because of the lack of adequate instruments, assessment of these factors is still limited. This paper introduces a scale for the assessment of self-efficacy for self-regulation of academic writing (SSAW). We deductively developed the SSAW scale and then conducted three studies in order to test and validate the scale. The first study ( N = 121) resulted in a brief scale with good psychometric properties. The second study ( N = 660) showed the scale’s factorial validity. The third study ( N = 188) provided evidence for the convergent validity of the SSAW scale. In sum, these studies yield a reliable, valid, and economic scale. The results are discussed with regard to the usefulness of the SSAW scale for research and practice in higher education.

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Functional Impairment in Children With Externalizing Behavior Disorders: Psychometric Properties of the Weiss Functional Impairment Rating Scale–Parent Report in a German Clinical Sample

Journal of Attention Disorders ◽

10.1177/1087054716661234 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 23 (13) ◽

pp. 1546-1556 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Christina Dose ◽

Christopher Hautmann ◽

Manfred Doepfner

Keyword(s):

Psychometric Properties ◽

Functional Impairment ◽

Behavior Disorders ◽

Externalizing Behavior ◽

Rating Scale ◽

Clinical Sample ◽

Parent Report ◽

Factorial Validity ◽

Divergent Validity ◽

Specific Factors

Objective: To examine the psychometric properties of a German adaptation of the Weiss Functional Impairment Rating Scale–Parent Report (WFIRS-P) in a clinical sample of children (4-12 years) with externalizing behavior disorders. Method: Data were collected within two clinical trials ( N = 264). Factorial validity, reliability, and divergent validity from symptoms of ADHD and oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) were assessed. Results: Confirmatory factor analyses revealed that a bifactor model consistent with the theoretical assumption of a general construct of impairment (total scale) and additional specific factors (subscales) provided satisfactory data fit. Model-based reliability estimates showed that both the general construct and specific factors accounted for item variance. Internal consistencies were >.70, part–whole corrected item–scale correlations mostly >.30. Correlations between the WFIRS-P Scales and ADHD and ODD symptoms were low to moderate. Conclusion: The results support the factorial validity, reliability, and divergent validity of the WFIRS-P.

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Psychometric Evaluation of the TWente Engagement with Ehealth Technologies Scale (TWEETS): Evaluation Study

Journal of Medical Internet Research ◽

10.2196/17757 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 22 (10) ◽

pp. e17757

Author(s):

Saskia Marion Kelders ◽

Hanneke Kip ◽

Japie Greeff

Keyword(s):

Behavior Change ◽

Psychometric Properties ◽

Predictive Validity ◽

Internal Consistency ◽

Convergent Validity ◽

Digital Health ◽

Internal Consistency Reliability ◽

Divergent Validity ◽

Time Points ◽

Perceived Behavior

Background Engagement emerges as a predictor for the effectiveness of digital health interventions. However, a shared understanding of engagement is missing. Therefore, a new scale has been developed that proposes a clear definition and creates a tool to measure it. The TWente Engagement with Ehealth Technologies Scale (TWEETS) is based on a systematic review and interviews with engaged health app users. It defines engagement as a combination of behavior, cognition, and affect. Objective This paper aims to evaluate the psychometric properties of the TWEETS. In addition, a comparison is made with the experiential part of the Digital Behavior Change Intervention Engagement Scale (DBCI-ES-Ex), a scale that showed some issues in previous psychometric analyses. Methods In this study, 288 participants were asked to use any step counter app on their smartphones for 2 weeks. They completed online questionnaires at 4 time points: T0=baseline, T1=after 1 day, T2=1 week, and T3=2 weeks. At T0, demographics and personality (conscientiousness and intellect/imagination) were assessed; at T1-T3, engagement, involvement, enjoyment, subjective usage, and perceived behavior change were included as measures that are theoretically related to our definition of engagement. Analyses focused on internal consistency, reliability, and the convergent, divergent, and predictive validity of both engagement scales. Convergent validity was assessed by correlating the engagement scales with involvement, enjoyment, and subjective usage; divergent validity was assessed by correlating the engagement scales with personality; and predictive validity was assessed by regression analyses using engagement to predict perceived behavior change at later time points. Results The Cronbach alpha values of the TWEETS were .86, .86, and .87 on T1, T2, and T3, respectively. Exploratory factor analyses indicated that a 1-factor structure best fits the data. The TWEETS is moderately to strongly correlated with involvement and enjoyment (theoretically related to cognitive and affective engagement, respectively; P<.001). Correlations between the TWEETS and frequency of use were nonsignificant or small, and differences between adherers and nonadherers on the TWEETS were significant (P<.001). Correlations between personality and the TWEETS were nonsignificant. The TWEETS at T1 was predictive of perceived behavior change at T3, with an explained variance of 16%. The psychometric properties of the TWEETS and the DBCI-ES-Ex seemed comparable in some aspects (eg, internal consistency), and in other aspects, the TWEETS seemed somewhat superior (divergent and predictive validity). Conclusions The TWEETS performs quite well as an engagement measure with high internal consistency, reasonable test-retest reliability and convergent validity, good divergent validity, and reasonable predictive validity. As the psychometric quality of a scale is a reflection of how closely a scale matches the conceptualization of a concept, this paper is also an attempt to conceptualize and define engagement as a unique concept, providing a first step toward an acceptable standard of defining and measuring engagement.

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The psychometric properties of the Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS) and Freiburg Mindfulness Inventory (FMI) as measures of mindfulness and their relationship with burnout and work engagement

SA Journal of Industrial Psychology ◽

10.4102/sajip.v42i1.1366 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 42 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Martina Kotzé ◽

Petrus Nel

Keyword(s):

Psychometric Properties ◽

South African ◽

Predictive Validity ◽

Work Engagement ◽

Convergent Validity ◽

Stepwise Multiple Regression ◽

Short Version ◽

Mindful Attention ◽

Mindful Attention Awareness Scale ◽

African Sample

Orientation: Given the increasing interest in mindfulness in the workplace, recent research recommends that the psychometric properties of existing mindfulness measures be evaluated in terms of convergent and predictive validity.Research purpose: The research purpose was to assess the psychometric properties of the 15-item (short version) Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS) and the 14-item (short version) Freiburg Mindfulness Inventory (FMI) in parallel on a South African sample. Furthermore, the research aimed to investigate the convergent validity between the FMI and MAAS as well as their relationship to burnout and work engagement (predictive validity).Motivation for the study: Organisational scholars must investigate the most appropriate instruments for measuring mindfulness in the workplace. Doing so would allow an eventual meta-analysis on the construct and its relationships and utility in the workplace.Research design, approach and methodology: For this study, a quantitative cross-sectional survey research design was employed. Convenience sampling was chosen and 497 participants applying for admission to a management and leadership degree programme at a South African Business School participated in the study. All participants of the sample are employed at either private or public institutions. Confirmatory factor analysis was used to determine the convergent validity of the instruments. Cronbach’s alpha was utilised in determining the reliabilities of the instruments. The product–moment correlation by Pearson was used to compare the two instruments in terms of their relationship to burnout and work engagement. Stepwise multiple regression was used to determine whether the FMI and MAAS are significant predictors of burnout and work engagement (predictive validity).Main findings: The results showed that the short versions of both the FMI and the MAAS are valid and reliable unidimensional measures of mindfulness. The findings showed that the two instruments are moderately correlated, providing adequate evidence of convergent validity. With regards to predictive validity, both the FMI and MAAS showed statistically significant relations with burnout and work engagement. Yet, the MAAS showed higher correlations with these constructs. A similar picture emerged with regards to the stepwise multiple regression results. The MAAS was the only significant predictor of burnout, explaining 12% of the variance. Both the MAAS and FMI were significant predictors of work engagement. The MAAS explained 13% of the variance in work engagement while the FMI explained 3% of the variance.Practical/managerial implications: Given these results, the MAAS currently seems to be a more appropriate measurement of mindfulness in the workplace given its ability to better predict work engagement and burnout than the FMI.Contribution/value-add: The study has provided much needed empirical evidence on the psychometric properties of the FMI and MAAS as measures of mindfulness on a South African sample.

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