Evidence for the Influence of Social Dominance Orientation and Intergroup Relations on the Stigma of Schizophrenia

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 133-139
Author(s):  
Dimitrios Lampropoulos ◽  
Jais Troïan ◽  
Céline D’Amico ◽  
Lise Bentata ◽  
Thémis Apostolidis
Keyword(s):  
Intergroup Relations ◽  
Social Dominance ◽  
Social Power ◽  
Social Dominance Orientation ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Reverse Pattern ◽  
Main Effect ◽  
Stigmatizing Attitudes ◽  
Simple Slope ◽  
Target Male

Abstract. The stigma of schizophrenia is an intergroup phenomenon associated with issues of social power. We consider that the concept of stigma power should be extended to include intergroup relations that go beyond the aspect of the relation between “schizophrenic” and “normal.” With the present study, we intend to demonstrate that perceivers hold more stigmatizing attitudes toward a person with schizophrenia belonging to the outgroup and that especially when the perceiver has a higher Social Dominance Orientation (SDO). One hundred and sixty-one participants from the general population participated in our study (50.3% male, Mage = 39.14, SD = 16.36), which was based on a 2 (Sex of Target: male vs. female) × 2 (Sex of Participant: male vs. female) × SDO between-subjects design. The participants read a standardized vignette used in previous research, depicting a person presenting the symptoms of schizophrenia, and were then asked to complete questionnaires about SDO and intention to discriminate against the depicted individual. Our analysis showed the main effect of SDO on discriminating intentions. Simple slope analysis revealed that SDO predicts male participants’ discriminating intentions when the target is a woman, while this relation is not significant when the target is a man. The exact reverse pattern was observed among female participants. Our results suggest intergroup relations and ideological motivations underpin the stigma of schizophrenia. We conclude that different group belongings of individuals with schizophrenia as well as the public’s ideological motivations should be further considered by future research and anti-stigma efforts.

Australian Attitudes Toward Asylum Seekers: Roles of Dehumanization and Social Dominance Theory

2015 ◽  
Vol 43 (10) ◽  
pp. 1641-1655 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justin S. Trounson ◽  
Christine Critchley ◽  
Jeffrey E. Pfeifer
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Significant Role ◽  
Social Dominance ◽  
Asylum Seekers ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Social Dominance Orientation ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Australian Context

We employed a theoretical model of dehumanization to identify the factors influencing attitudes toward asylum seekers within an Australian context. Specifically, we hypothesized that Australians high in social dominance orientation (SDO) would be more likely than those low in SDO to dehumanize asylum seekers. Participants (N = 311) completed an online survey designed to assess SDO, their attitudes and emotions toward asylum seekers, and their tendency to engage in dehumanization. Results indicated that the model can be successfully applied to an Australian context and that dehumanization played a significant role in influencing our participants' attitudes toward asylum seekers. Findings are discussed in terms of future research as well as policy implications for Australian immigration issues.

scholarly journals The relationship between social dominance orientation and contextual performance

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 795-829
Author(s):  
HyunJun Lee ◽  
TaeYong Yoo
Keyword(s):  
Survey Research ◽  
Social Dominance ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Social Dominance Orientation ◽  
Contextual Performance ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Working Adult ◽  
The Relationship

The purposes of this study were, first, to confirm the internal structure of social dominance orientation by using Korean working adult sample. Second is to investigate the effect of social dominance orientation on the employee’s contextual performance at the facet level, along with exploring the possible role of narcissistic self-concept(grandiosity) and interpersonal motive(dominance). Using the survey research method, data were collected from 411 employees who were working in a variety of organizations in Korea. The results of study showed that subdimensions of social dominance orientation(SDO-D, SDO-E) were significantly correlated with each other and SDO-E factor was negatively related with interpersonal facilitation. SDO-D factor was not significantly related with neither interpersonal facilitation nor job dedication. However, grandiosity and dominance fully mediated the relationship between SDO-D factor and both subdimensions of contextual performance. Based on these results, we discussed the implications of study, limitations, and the suggestions for future research.

Examining dispositional and situational effects on outgroup attitudes

2009 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 307-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joke Meeus ◽  
Bart Duriez ◽  
Norbert Vanbeselaere ◽  
Karen Phalet ◽  
Peter Kuppens
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Intergroup Relations ◽  
Social Dominance ◽  
Social Dominance Orientation ◽  
Right Wing ◽  
Right Wing Authoritarianism ◽  
Situational Characteristics ◽  
Situational Effects ◽  
Ingroup Identification ◽  
The Individual

Two research lines have dominated the quest for the antecedents of outgroup attitudes. Whereas the first has viewed outgroup attitudes as a result of individual differences, the second stressed the importance of the intergroup situation. In order to investigate the interplay of individual differences and situational characteristics, key predictors of the individual differences perspective (i.e. right‐wing authoritarianism or RWA, and social dominance orientation or SDO) and the intergroup relations perspective (i.e. ingroup identification and ingroup threat) were simultaneously tested. Two studies revealed additive but no interaction effects of RWA and SDO, ingroup identification and threat. Additionally, Study 1 showed that threat effects remain limited to the outgroup that is portrayed as threatening and do not generalize to other outgroups. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

scholarly journals Tests of Social Dominance on Charitable Intent Towards Minorities

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Zacchaeus Bastion
Keyword(s):  
Social Dominance ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Social Dominance Orientation ◽  
Support Service ◽  
Future Research ◽  
First Year ◽  
Social Hierarchies ◽  
First Year Students ◽  
Antisocial Attitudes ◽  
The One

<p>This thesis investigates the hypothesis that the design of adverts for charitable causes may be unintentionally priming viewers in Social Dominance Orientation (SDO: Pratto, Sidanius, Stallworth, & Malle, 1994). Huang and Liu (2005) found evidence that presenting people with material that makes social hierarchies salient can temporarily increase a person's level of SDO. As many charities make differences in social hierarchy salient as part of their advertisement campaigns, it is possible that such advertisements may unintentionally prime the SDO of viewers. Given prior research that indicates that high SDO is correlated with antisocial attitudes (Sibley & Duckitt, 2010), such priming may be reducing the likelihood that viewers would donate towards the charitable cause. First, a pre-test was conducted to test the psychometric structure and reliability of the SDO7 (Ho, et al., in print) and the Counter Dominance Orientation measure (CDO: Pratto et al., 2012). Confirmatory factor analysis of each measure found a four-factor model of SDO and a two-factor model of CDO. Subsequently, 139 first-year students of psychology were used to test the previously-mentioned hypothesis. Participants were asked to critically evaluate one of two adverts for a student support service, with the one in the experimental condition being for a service for Māori and Pacifica students. The intent of this advert was to prime viewers on SDO. Afterwards, they engaged in a hypothetical public goods game where a portion of the money pool would go towards the service the advert was for. If the hypothesis was correct, participants who were primed on SDO would be less willing to contribute towards a cause that supported minorities, but the data did not support this. Implications and potential future research, both for the new measures and the hypothesis are explored.</p>

scholarly journals Tests of Social Dominance on Charitable Intent Towards Minorities

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Zacchaeus Bastion
Keyword(s):  
Social Dominance ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Social Dominance Orientation ◽  
Support Service ◽  
Future Research ◽  
First Year ◽  
Social Hierarchies ◽  
First Year Students ◽  
Antisocial Attitudes ◽  
The One

<p>This thesis investigates the hypothesis that the design of adverts for charitable causes may be unintentionally priming viewers in Social Dominance Orientation (SDO: Pratto, Sidanius, Stallworth, & Malle, 1994). Huang and Liu (2005) found evidence that presenting people with material that makes social hierarchies salient can temporarily increase a person's level of SDO. As many charities make differences in social hierarchy salient as part of their advertisement campaigns, it is possible that such advertisements may unintentionally prime the SDO of viewers. Given prior research that indicates that high SDO is correlated with antisocial attitudes (Sibley & Duckitt, 2010), such priming may be reducing the likelihood that viewers would donate towards the charitable cause. First, a pre-test was conducted to test the psychometric structure and reliability of the SDO7 (Ho, et al., in print) and the Counter Dominance Orientation measure (CDO: Pratto et al., 2012). Confirmatory factor analysis of each measure found a four-factor model of SDO and a two-factor model of CDO. Subsequently, 139 first-year students of psychology were used to test the previously-mentioned hypothesis. Participants were asked to critically evaluate one of two adverts for a student support service, with the one in the experimental condition being for a service for Māori and Pacifica students. The intent of this advert was to prime viewers on SDO. Afterwards, they engaged in a hypothetical public goods game where a portion of the money pool would go towards the service the advert was for. If the hypothesis was correct, participants who were primed on SDO would be less willing to contribute towards a cause that supported minorities, but the data did not support this. Implications and potential future research, both for the new measures and the hypothesis are explored.</p>

The Effects of Mortality Salience and Social Dominance Orientation on Attitudes Toward Illegal Immigrants

2010 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan F. Bassett
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
University Students ◽  
Social Dominance ◽  
Mortality Salience ◽  
Social Dominance Orientation ◽  
Political Orientation ◽  
Illegal Immigrants ◽  
Negative Attitudes ◽  
Main Effect ◽  
Political Conservatism

The paper examines the hypothesis that the effects of mortality salience on attitudes toward illegal immigrants are moderated by individual differences predisposing participants toward prejudice or intolerance. A total of 122 university students completed measures of political orientation, authoritarianism, and social dominance orientation prior to being randomly assigned to a mortality salience or control condition. Political conservatism, authoritarianism, and social dominance orientation were all associated with more negative attitudes toward illegal immigrants. Although there was no main effect for mortality salience, there was an interaction between mortality salience and social dominance orientation. Higher social dominance orientation was associated with more negative attitudes toward illegal immigrants, albeit only in the mortality salience condition.

Social Dominance Orientation Attenuates Stereotype Change in the Face of Disconfirming Information

2010 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 169-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole Tausch ◽  
Miles Hewstone
Keyword(s):  
Social Dominance ◽  
Social Dominance Orientation ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Inconsistent Information ◽  
The Face ◽  
Disconfirming Information

This study examined whether social dominance orientation (SDO) affects the malleability of group stereotypes in the face of disconfirmation. Data were collected at two time points: At Time 1, baseline stereotypes and SDO were assessed, and at Time 2, either moderately or extremely stereotype-inconsistent information was presented and stereotyping measures were repeated. Consistent with previous research, exposure to moderately inconsistent information resulted in greater stereotype change than exposure to extremely inconsistent information. As expected, SDO was negatively related to stereotype change, in particular after presentation of moderately inconsistent information. The judged typicality of the target exemplar mediated the effects of the manipulation but did not mediate the effects of SDO. Implications for future research and interventions to reduce stereotyping are discussed.

People and the Place: Social Dominance Orientation Is Reciprocally Associated With Hierarchy-Enhancing Occupations Over Time

2021 ◽  
pp. 014920632110049
Author(s):  
Elena Zubielevitch ◽  
Gordon W. Cheung ◽  
Chris G. Sibley ◽  
Nikhil Sengupta ◽  
Danny Osborne
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Longitudinal Data ◽  
Intergroup Relations ◽  
Social Dominance ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Social Dominance Orientation ◽  
Occupational Socialization ◽  
Hierarchical Relations ◽  
Socialization Processes ◽  
Over Time

Social dominance orientation (SDO) is a widely researched construct that indexes a preference for hierarchical intergroup relations. However, it remains unclear whether this preference (a) motivates people to seek out occupations that enhance hierarchical relations between groups (i.e., occupational assortment), (b) develops as a result of working within hierarchy-enhancing occupations (i.e., occupational socialization), or (c) both. One reason for this gap is that the large-scale longitudinal data required to simultaneously model assortment and socialization processes are scarce. In this study, we analyzed data from two waves of longitudinal data (spaced either 1, 3, or 5 years apart) from a nationwide sample of adults ( N = 3,452–4,412) who were already working in either hierarchy-enhancing occupations (e.g., law enforcement) or hierarchy-attenuating occupations (e.g., social work). Results showed that SDO predicted an increased probability of working in a hierarchy-enhancing occupation 3 and 5 years later. Working in a hierarchy-enhancing occupation was also positively associated with SDO after 1 and 5 years. These patterns generally suggest that occupations both shape, and are shaped by, intergroup beliefs.

scholarly journals Social worldviews and social attitudes: Examining the psychological correlates for other-concern

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tosin Tunrayo Olonisakin ◽  
Sulaiman Olanrewaju Adebayo ◽  
Erhabor Sunday Idemudia
Keyword(s):  
Affirmative Action ◽  
Social Inequality ◽  
Social Dominance ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Social Dominance Orientation ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Just World Beliefs ◽  
Just World ◽  
Self Transcendence ◽  
The University

Social inequality or inequity is existent in every society. As such, most societies dedicate efforts to ensuring fairness and justice for all its members. The university environment constitutes a miniature society on its own and everyday broader realities of the larger society are equally applicable within the university.  The attitude that students hold with regards to social inequality could be a function of their worldviews which act as guiding principles for social conduct. In this study, the worldviews of self-transcendence and just-world beliefs were examined in relation to support for affirmative action and social dominance orientation among students. The study employed a survey approach with data collected through questionnaires from a sample of 331 (62.8% female) undergraduate students in a public university. The authors hypothesized that self-transcendence and just-world beliefs would be positively associated with support for affirmative action and negatively with social dominance orientation. Result of data analysis using structural equation modelling confirmed the hypotheses in this study. However, the relationship between just-world beliefs and social dominance orientation was not significant. Results were discussed for their implications for acceptance of social policies that try to bridge the gap between dominant and marginalised groups. The implication of findings for understanding and managing interaction between groups in an educational setting were emphasised. Recommendations were made regarding how policy makers can use knowledge of worldviews held by student in designing strategies geared towards acceptance of policies targeted at ensuring positive outcomes for members of disadvantaged groups. Suggestions for future research were given.

scholarly journals The Relationship between Social Dominance Orientation and Religiosity mediated by Political Orientation and Race

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 19
Author(s):  
David Bryan Oxendine
Keyword(s):  
Graduate Students ◽  
Social Dominance ◽  
Southeastern United States ◽  
Social Dominance Orientation ◽  
Ethnically Diverse ◽  
Political Orientation ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Regional University ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractPolitical orientation and race have consistently found to be associated with social dominance orientation (SDO) and religiosity.  This study explores the degree of influence that political orientation and race has on SDO and religiosity.  The research participants consisted of 245 undergraduate and graduate students at an ethnically diverse regional university in the southeastern United States.  As expected, Republican participants scored higher in SDO than Democrats, as White participants scored higher in SDO than did Non-White participants.  Additionally, Republican participants scored higher in religiosity than did Democrats.  As hypothesized, Non-Whites scored higher in religiosity than did Whites. Implications for future research on political orientation, race and other factors associated with SDO and religiosity.

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