A Significant Trend in Psychological Military Work

PsycCRITIQUES ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 56 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen A. Truhon
Keyword(s):  
Significant Trend ◽  
Military Work

Graft Failure, Revision ACLR, and Reoperation Rates After ACLR With Quadriceps Tendon Versus Hamstring Tendon Autografts: A Registry Study With Review of 475 Patients

2021 ◽  
pp. 036354652110151
Author(s):  
Malte Schmücker ◽  
Jørgen Haraszuk ◽  
Per Hölmich ◽  
Kristoffer W. Barfod
Keyword(s):  
Graft Failure ◽  
Ligament Reconstruction ◽  
Pivot Shift ◽  
Quadriceps Tendon ◽  
Hamstring Tendon ◽  
Significant Trend ◽  
Meniscal Injury ◽  
Registry Study ◽  
Cyclops Lesion

Background: It has been indicated that anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) with a quadriceps tendon (QT) graft has a higher risk of revision compared with ACLR performed with a hamstring tendon (HT) graft. Purpose/Hypothesis: To investigate whether ACLR with QT graft had a higher risk of graft failure, revision ACLR, or reoperation compared with HT graft in a high-volume center. We hypothesized that there would be no between-group differences. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: This was a registry study with review of medical records. Our study cohort consisted of patients who underwent primary ACLR with either QT or HT graft performed at Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre between January 2015 and December 2018. The cohort was identified from the Danish Knee Ligament Reconstruction Registry and linked to the Danish National Patient Registry to identify all hospital contacts after ACLR. The outcome variables were graft failure (rerupture or >3-mm side-to-side difference in anteroposterior [AP] laxity), revision ACLR, reoperation due to cyclops lesion, reoperation due to meniscal injury, and reoperation due to any reason. AP laxity and pivot shift were assessed at 1 year. Kaplan-Meier estimates were used to evaluate the rates of events at 2 years, and comparison was performed with Cox regression analysis. Results: A total of 475 patients (252 HT, 223 QT) were included. The rate of graft failure at 2 years was 9.4% for the QT group and 11.1% for the HT group ( P = .46). For the QT and HT groups, respectively, the rate of revision ACLR was 2.3% and 1.6% ( P = .60), the rate of reoperation due to cyclops lesion was 5.0% and 2.4% ( P = .13), and the rate of reoperation due to meniscal injury was 4.3% and 7.1% ( P = .16). The rate of reoperation due to any reason was 20.5% and 23.6% ( P = .37). At 1-year follow-up, AP laxity was 1.4 mm for QT and 1.5 mm for HT ( P = .51), and the proportion of patients with a positive pivot shift was 29-30% for both groups. Conclusion: QT and HT grafts yielded similar rates of graft failure, revision ACLR, and reoperation at 2 years of follow-up after ACLR. Graft failure was found in 9% to 11% of patients. Patients with QT ACLR showed a non–statistically significant trend of higher risk for reoperation due to cyclops lesion, and those with HT showed a non–statistically significant trend of higher risk for reoperation due to meniscal injury.

Arousal and Cognition: Picture Vocabulary Performance and Individual Differences in Physiological Arousal

1980 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 579-582
Author(s):  
Frank H. Farley ◽  
Valerie J. Reynolds
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Physiological Arousal ◽  
Learning Disabled ◽  
Significant Trend ◽  
Receptive Vocabulary ◽  
Vocabulary Test ◽  
Disabled Children ◽  
Peabody Picture Vocabulary ◽  
Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test

The contribution of individual differences in physiological arousal to intellective assessment in learning disabled children was studied. Arousal was measured by salivary response and intellective function (receptive vocabulary) by the Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test. It was predicted that best performance would be found at intermediate levels of arousal. Peabody scores of learning disabled subjects of high, middle, and low arousal showed a non-significant trend in the predicted direction. Reasons for the lack of significance of this hypothesized trend were proposed and needed research outlined.

scholarly journals Associations of Heavy Metals with Metabolic Syndrome and Anthropometric Indices

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 2666 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei-Lun Wen ◽  
Chih-Wen Wang ◽  
Da-Wei Wu ◽  
Szu-Chia Chen ◽  
Chih-Hsing Hung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
Significant Trend ◽  
Volume Index ◽  
Visceral Adiposity Index ◽  
Anthropometric Indices ◽  
Adiposity Index ◽  
Body Adiposity ◽  
Southern Taiwan

Previous studies have revealed associations between heavy metals and extensive health problems. However, the association between heavy metals and metabolic problems remains poorly defined. This study aims to investigate relationships between heavy metals and metabolic syndrome (MetS), lipid accumulation product (LAP), visceral adiposity index (VAI), and anthropometric indices, including body roundness index (BRI), conicity index (CI), body adiposity index (BAI), and abdominal volume index (AVI). We conducted a health survey of people living in southern Taiwan. Six heavy metals were measured: lead (Pb) in blood and nickel (Ni), chromium (Cr), manganese (Mn), arsenic (As), and copper (Cu) in urine. A total of 2444 participants (976 men and 1468 women) were enrolled. MetS was defined according to the Adult Treatment Panel III for Asians. Multivariable analysis showed that participants with high urine Ni (log per 1 μg/L; odds ratio (OR): 1.193; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.019 to 1.397; p = 0.028) and high urine Cu (log per 1 μg/dL; OR: 3.317; 95% CI: 2.254 to 4.883; p < 0.001) concentrations were significantly associated with MetS. There was a significant trend of a stepwise increase in blood Pb and urine Ni, As, and Cu according to the number of MetS components (from 0 to 5, a linear p ≤ 0.002 for trend). For the determinants of indices, urine Cu was positively correlated with LAP, BRI, CI, and VAI; blood Pb was positively correlated with BRI, BAI, and AVI; urine Ni was positively correlated with LAP. High urine Cu and urine Ni levels were significantly associated with MetS, and there was a significant trend for stepwise increases in blood Pb and urine Ni, As, and Cu, accompanied by an increasing number of MetS components. Furthermore, several indices were positively correlated with urine Cu, urine Ni, and blood Pb.

Frequency of and Determinants for Psychotropic Drug Use in an Institution for the Mentally Retarded

1990 ◽  
Vol 156 (4) ◽  
pp. 525-530 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olav M. Linaker
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
General Population ◽  
Psychotropic Drug ◽  
Small Proportion ◽  
Psychiatric Diagnosis ◽  
Anticonvulsant Drug ◽  
Mentally Retarded ◽  
Significant Trend ◽  
Disruptive Behaviour ◽  
Psychiatric Diagnoses

The frequency of psychotropic and anticonvulsant drug use in 168 institutionalised mentally retarded adults was studied. Use of neuroleptics and anticonvulsants was more frequent and use of hypnotics and antidepressants less frequent than in the general population. Neuroleptics were given to 49% of the population. Clients with no psychiatric diagnosis consumed less neuroleptics than those with such a diagnosis, and there was a non-significant trend for those with a more serious diagnosis (e.g. schizophrenia) to take a higher dosage. The degree of disruptive behaviour and the availability of a physician were related to dosage of neuroleptics. The various psychiatric diagnoses given could explain only a small proportion of the variance in dosage.

Abstract P311: Effect of Non-Invasive Imaging on Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Downstream Testing: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Circulation ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 125 (suppl_10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Seamus P Whelton ◽  
Khurram Nasir ◽  
Michael J Blaha ◽  
Daniel S Berman ◽  
Roger S Blumenthal
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Statistical Power ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cardiovascular Imaging ◽  
Significant Trend ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Randomized Controlled

Introduction: Non-invasive cardiovascular imaging has been proposed as a method to improve risk stratification and motivate improved patient and physician risk factor modification. Despite increasing use of these technologies there remains limited evidence documenting its effect on downstream testing and improvement in risk factor control. Hypothesis: Addition of the EISNER study to a prior meta-analysis will improve statistical power to demonstrate the downstream consequences of non-invasive cardiovascular imaging. Methods: A comprehensive literature search of the MEDLINE database (1966 through July 2011) was conducted. Major inclusion criteria required: 1) randomized controlled trial design, 2) participants with no known history of coronary heart disease or stroke, and 3) comparison of a group provided with results of a non-invasive imaging scan versus those without results. A total of eight trials with 4,084 participants met the inclusion criteria for this analysis. We analyzed the data using a random effects model to allow for heterogeneity. Results: Among imaging groups there was a significant increase in prescribing for statins (RR, 1.15; 95% CI, 1.01–1.32) and a non-significant trend for increased prescription of aspirin (RR, 1.15; 95% CI, 0.97–1.35), ACE/ARB (RR, 1.12; 95% CI, 0.96–1.31), and insulin (RR, 1.54; 95% CI, 0.75–3.18). There was a non-significant trend towards increased smoking cessation (RR, 1.35; 95% CI, 0.88–2.08). For downstream outcomes there was a non-significant increase in coronary angiography (RR, 1.20; 95% CI, 0.92–1.57), but not for revascularization (RR, 0.92; 95% CI, 0.55–1.53). There was no significant effect of imaging on the change in traditional risk factors. Limitations: There remains a limited number of trials in this important area. Therefore, trials included in this analysis use a variety of different imaging modalities and we were not able to pool the results based on appropriate clinical action (intensification at high risk and reduction at low risk). Conclusions: Non-invasive cardiovascular imaging leads to increased statin use, but associations with other downstream treatments and change in risk factors are not statistically significant. Our results highlight the limited amount of data for describing the downstream consequences after CAC testing.

Abstract P228: Milkfat Consumption, Dyslipidemia, and Body Weight in Children

Circulation ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 137 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahlia Sekkarie ◽  
Janet Figueroa ◽  
Caroline Um ◽  
Jean Welsh
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
Significant Trend ◽  
Pairwise Comparisons ◽  
Z Score ◽  
Lipid Levels ◽  
Significant Linear Trend ◽  
Whole Milk

Background: Dietary guidelines recommend consumption of 1% or skim (i.e. non-fat) milk for children >2 years due to concerns about the role of saturated fat in raising low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL) levels and cardiovascular disease risk. Low- or non-fat milk is also recommended to promote energy balance and reduce obesity risk. While more recent evidence in adults suggests no association between milkfat and cardiovascular disease risk, this association has not been well studied among children who tend to be the highest consumers of milk. No known studies have demonstrated an association between milkfat consumption and lipid levels in children. Our objective was to determine if there is an association between milk fat consumption and risk of dyslipidemia and obesity among U.S. children. Methods: We used cross-sectional data from children 2-19 years from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011-2014 (n=7261). Usual milkfat intake (i.e. never/rare milk consumption, non-fat, 1%, 2%, or whole) was self-reported by parent or child. Lipid levels (12-19 years only) and adiposity (BMI z-score and weight category [underweight, normal, overweight, or obese] in all ages) were assessed by trained staff using standardized methods. Covariates included child age, sex, household income, race/ethnicity, physical activity, dieting, and total energy intake. We used multivariate linear and logistic regression models to examine the association between milkfat consumption and our outcomes and conducted pairwise comparisons to assess differences between different milkfat consumers. Results: Most children consumed 2% milk (42.3%), followed by whole (26.1%), 1% milk (11.7%), never/rare consumption (10.2%), and nonfat (9.7%). We found no significant trends in mean cholesterol (total, HDL, LDL) with consumption of milk with greater fat content. There was a significant trend towards higher triglycerides as milkfat intake increased (p=0.01) though this association was stronger among 2% milk compared to whole fat consumers. We found no significant trend in prevalence of each BMI category across milk fat intake. Pairwise comparisons demonstrated that usual consumption of 1% and 2% milkfat was associated with both higher BMI Z-score and odds of obesity compared to whole milk. Conclusion: We found no significant linear trend between usual %milk fat consumed and indicators of cardiovascular disease (BMI-Z and lipid levels) in children, except for triglycerides which rose as milkfat intake increased. However, triglycerides were higher among the 2% compared to whole milkfat consumers. Overall, whole milk was not associated with increased indicators of cardiovascular disease risk in children.

The Lateralization of Atypical Facial Pain

1988 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 100-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raymond W. Lam ◽  
Ronald A. Remick
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Facial Pain ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Significant Trend ◽  
Atypical Facial Pain ◽  
Conversion Disorders

Various theories have been proposed to explain the reported predominance of left-sided symptoms in patients with conversion disorders, psychogenic symptoms, and chronic pain. In a population of 110 patients with atypical facial pain (AFP), there were no significant differences in the side of pain or lateralization of pain between psychiatric and non-psychiatric patients. A non-significant trend to left-sided pain in psychiatric patients was found if only those patients with lateralized pain were examined. The significance of these results to etiological theories of chronic pain lateralization is discussed.

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