(Mitigating) the self-fulfillment of gender stereotypes in teams: The interplay of competence attributions, behavioral dominance, individual performance, and diversity beliefs.

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bertolt Meyer ◽  
Hans van Dijk ◽  
Marloes van Engen
Keyword(s):  
Gender Stereotypes ◽  
Individual Performance ◽  
The Self

Les représentations multidimensionnelles du masculin et du féminin véhiculées par la presse enfantine francophone 1Mes remerciements vont aux deux experts anonymes qui ont fait des commentaires très constructifs sur des versions antérieures de ce manuscrit.

2002 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Dafflon Novelle
Keyword(s):  
Gender Identity ◽  
Gender Stereotypes ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
The Self ◽  
French Language ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
Professional Roles ◽  
School Age ◽  
Future Aspirations ◽  
Language Literature

Multidimensional representations of gender in French language publications for children. Gender stereotypes in French language literature for children have not been extensively studied. This study analyses stories with household heroes, in French language publications aimed at pre-school age children. The aim is to evaluate multidimensional representations of gender in these publications. Results reveal major quantitative and qualitative asymmetries in the representations of the two sexes, often to the detriment of the female. Males outnumber females, who more often play secondary roles as compared to males who are more often depicted in the central role; girls are less frequently represented in the illustrations accompanying these stories than boys. Females are depicted in a more stereotyped manner, and are more confined to domestic and in private locations. Additionally, women play a smaller variety of professional roles than men. The asymmetries highlighted in this study are discussed in terms of the influence that may be exercised over children’s construction of their gender identity, and influence particularly on the self-esteem and future aspirations of girls.

scholarly journals Detection of Ischemic Episodes Based on Two Consecutive Declines in the JT/ST Algebraic Relationship

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 4805
Author(s):  
Vaiva Šiaučiūnaitė ◽  
Alfonsas Vainoras ◽  
Zenonas Navickas ◽  
Minvydas Ragulskis
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular System ◽  
Individual Performance ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Organization ◽  
Visualization Technique ◽  
Dynamical Processes ◽  
Recovery Processes ◽  
Human Cardiovascular System

The main objective of this paper is to explore if the JT/ST algebraic relationship could be helpful for the identification of ischemic changes in the human cardiovascular system. The suggested visualization technique highlights the specifics of complex dynamical processes in the self-organization of the heart system during the load and recovery processes. It is demonstrated that the nonlinear algebraic relationship between the duration of the JT interval and the ST amplitude can be beneficial for a deeper interpretation of dynamical processes in the human cardiovascular system. The JT/ST relationship is used for the identification of the ischemic changes and for the characterization of individual performance of the person during the load and recovery processes.

Instrumental and Expressive Traits, Trait Stereotypes, and Sexist Attitudes: What Do They Signify?

2000 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janet T. Spence ◽  
Camille E. Buckner
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Gender Stereotypes ◽  
Female Student ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Multidimensional Approach ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Sexist Attitudes ◽  
Attitude Measures ◽  
Societal Changes

College students rated the typical male and female student and themselves on 22 instrumental (I) and 16 expressive (E) items from the PAQ (Spence & Helmreich, 1978) and the BSRI (Bem, 1974), as well as on the BSRI items “masculine” and “feminine.” They also completed measures of gender stereotypes and sexist attitudes. Significant gender stereotypes were found on all but two I and E items in both genders. Significant gender differences in self-report were found on all the E items but on only 41% of the I items, confirming our hypotheses that societal changes have led women to develop more agentic self-conceptions. The pattern of relationships found between the self-report, stereotype, and attitude measures supports the utility of a multidimensional approach to gender. Responses to the items “masculine” and “feminine” confirm the implications of our hypothesis that these items primarily assess men's and women's basic sense of gender identity.

scholarly journals Advertising stereotypes and gender representation in social networking sites

Comunicar ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 21 (41) ◽  
pp. 177-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iolanda Tortajada-Giménez ◽  
Núria Araüna-Baró ◽  
Inmaculada-José Martínez-Martínez
Keyword(s):  
Social Networking ◽  
Gender Stereotypes ◽  
Social Networking Sites ◽  
Gender And Sexuality ◽  
The Self ◽  
Media Education ◽  
Redes Sociales ◽  
And Gender ◽  
La Red ◽  
Media Practices

This article presents the results of a quantitative and qualitative analysis of adolescent selfpresentations in Fotolog. The images which these adolescents create and share through the Net focus on the construction of the Self. Here gender and sexuality become the main structuring factors of representation. Results point to the fact adolescents selfpresentations mirror some of the categories defined by Goffman in his study of gender hyperritualization in advertising. Moreover, other gender expressions are found in the sample, such as the lesbian pose or the erotization of bodies which Gill also detects in advertising. Despite the fact that the images that adolescents upload in Social Networking Sites reproduce gender stereotypes and patriarchal patterns based in advertising, it must be said that they also elaborate a relatively varied repertoire of pictures and are able to conceive original creations. These creative selfrepresentations are the outcome of a process of negotiation of gender and sexual identity which occurs in these settings, as well as in other adolescent media practices. To avoid a thoughtless reproduction of gender stereotypes and contribute to a critical negotiation of these representations, media education is needed. This media education should take into account the way in which adolescent practices are shaped by other media consumption. Este artículo presenta los resultados del análisis cuantitativo y cualitativo de las autopresentaciones que los y las adolescentes elaboran para Fotolog. Las imágenes que dichos adolescentes crean y comparten a través de la red están centradas en el sí mismo, y el género y la sexualidad constituyen el eje principal de la representación. Los resultados obtenidos apuntan a que algunas de las categorías que estableció Goffman en su estudio sobre la hiperritualización de la feminidad en la publicidad están presentes en las autopresentaciones analizadas. Además, aparecen otras expresiones de género como la pose lésbica o la erotización de los cuerpos que ya han sido detectadas también en los análisis de la publicidad desarrollados por autoras como Gill. Si bien estas imágenes reproducen estereotipos de género y patrones patriarcales, hay que destacar la presencia de un repertorio variado y algunas creaciones originales, resultado de la negociación identitaria que, respecto al género y a la sexualidad, tiene lugar en estos espacios y otras prácticas mediáticas adolescentes. Para evitar una reproducción irreflexiva de patrones de género estereotipados y contribuir a una negociación crítica de estas representaciones sería importante que la educación mediática tuviera en cuenta la manera en que las prácticas adolescentes en las redes sociales se están nutriendo de otros consumos mediáticos y cómo esto afecta a lo que los y las adolescentes expresan en las redes.

Gender stereotypes and superior conformity of the self in a sample of cyclists

2013 ◽  
Vol 50 ◽  
pp. 336-340 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie-Line Félonneau ◽  
Elsa Causse ◽  
Aymery Constant ◽  
Benjamin Contrand ◽  
Antoine Messiah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gender Stereotypes ◽  
The Self

(Trans)gender stereotypes and the self: Content and consequences of gender identity stereotypes

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristina Howansky ◽  
Leigh S. Wilton ◽  
Danielle M. Young ◽  
Samantha Abrams ◽  
Rebekah Clapham
Keyword(s):  
Gender Identity ◽  
Gender Stereotypes ◽  
The Self

scholarly journals The self-assessment accuracy and its relationship with performance and individual characteristics

2011 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-126
Author(s):  
YounHee Roh ◽  
YoungWoo Sohn
Keyword(s):  
Locus Of Control ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Individual Performance ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Assessment ◽  
Self And Other ◽  
Internal Locus Of Control ◽  
Post Hoc

This study investigated the effects of self-assessment accuracy on individual performance. The self-assessment accuracy was defined as the degree of agreement between self- and other-assessments. A total of 158 subjects assessed themselves and others in their groups on the extent to which they actively participate in their group-based task. Following the method of Atwater and Yammarino (1997), subjects were classified into four groups. Individuals assessed as high by self and others, low by self and others, high by self and low by others, and low by self and high by others were categorized as in-agreement/high assessors, in-agreement/low assessors, over-estimators, and under-estimators, respectively. To test the hypothesis that in-agreement/high assessors will show greater performance than in-agreement/low assessors, over-estimators, and under-estimators, one-way ANOVAs and post-hoc analysies were used. The results showed that in-agreement/high assessors showed greater performance (i.e., final record) than in-agreement/low assessors and over-estimators, and so the hypothesis was partially supported. In addition, this study tested the hypotheses that in-agreement/high assessors will show better indices in such individual characteristics as internal locus of control, self-esteem, self-efficacy, conscientiousness, and neuroticism than in-agreement/low assessors, over-estimators, and under-estimators. The results showed that in-agreement/high assessors showed higher self-efficacy and conscientiousness than in-agreement/low assessors, and so the hypotheses were partially supported.

Self-Efficacy, Personal Goals, and Wrestlers’ Self-Regulation

1996 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas D. Kane ◽  
Michelle A. Marks ◽  
Stephen J. Zaccaro ◽  
Virginia Blair
Keyword(s):  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Cognitive Theory ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Individual Performance ◽  
The Self ◽  
Goal Theory ◽  
Personal Goals ◽  
Regulatory Processes ◽  
Regulatory Model

Goal theory (Locke & Latham, 1990) and social cognitive theory (Bandura, 1986) converged on a single model describing the relationships among prior performance, self-efficacy, personal goals, and individual performance. The model, portraying self-regulatory processes, guided an investigation of the performance of 216 wrestlers competing at a wrestling camp. Two hypotheses were tested. First, general support was expected for the self-regulatory model. Second, self-efficacy was predicted to be especially relevant for performance under extremely competitive conditions (i.e., overtime match performance). Both hypotheses were supported. Analyses using LISREL VI supported the relationships posited by the self-regulatory model. Also, self-efficacy was found to be the only significant predictor of wrestlers’ performance in overtime matches.

Self‐gender schemata and the processing of social information

1992 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 359-370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vittorio Rubini ◽  
Elena Antonelli
Keyword(s):  
Gender Stereotypes ◽  
Social Information ◽  
The Self ◽  
The Other ◽  
Gender Schema ◽  
Feminine Trait ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
Trait Adjective

Previous research has found that subjects possessing a self‐gender schema in line with gender stereotypes (i.e. sex‐typed individuals) are quicker than non‐sex‐typed subjects in deciding whether a stereotypically masculine or feminine trait adjective is self‐descriptive or not. The results of memory tasks are more contradictory. In this study we have supposed that gender‐schematic subjects can most effectively process gender‐linked information even if it does not relate to the self. More specifically, we hypothesized (a) that sex‐typed subjects are quicker than non‐sex‐typed subjects in deciding whether a trait adjective can be better attributed to men or women and (b) that they recall a greater number of masculine and feminine adjectives and have greater gender‐based clustering indices compared with non‐sex‐typed individuals. Subjects previously identified as Sex‐typed, Androgynous, Indifferentiated, and Cross‐sex‐typed were presented with adjectives referring to stereotypic masculine and feminine traits. The results showed that sex‐typed subjects, regardless of their sex, were faster than the other groups in deciding whether a certain trait applied more to a man than to a woman. No significant differences between the groups of subjects were found as to the number of masculine and feminine items being correctly recalled or to gender‐based clustering indices.

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