Empirically deriving omission and commission errors for relapse tests: A demonstration of reverse translation.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel R. Mitteer ◽  
Brian D. Greer ◽  
Kayla R. Randall ◽  
Ryan T. Kimball ◽  
Sean W. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Commission Errors ◽  
Reverse Translation

scholarly journals STOUT: SMILES to IUPAC names using neural machine translation

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kohulan Rajan ◽  
Achim Zielesny ◽  
Christoph Steinbeck
Keyword(s):  
Machine Translation ◽  
Similarity Index ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
International Union ◽  
Rule Based ◽  
Neural Machine Translation ◽  
Tanimoto Similarity ◽  
Reverse Translation ◽  
String Representation

AbstractChemical compounds can be identified through a graphical depiction, a suitable string representation, or a chemical name. A universally accepted naming scheme for chemistry was established by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) based on a set of rules. Due to the complexity of this ruleset a correct chemical name assignment remains challenging for human beings and there are only a few rule-based cheminformatics toolkits available that support this task in an automated manner. Here we present STOUT (SMILES-TO-IUPAC-name translator), a deep-learning neural machine translation approach to generate the IUPAC name for a given molecule from its SMILES string as well as the reverse translation, i.e. predicting the SMILES string from the IUPAC name. In both cases, the system is able to predict with an average BLEU score of about 90% and a Tanimoto similarity index of more than 0.9. Also incorrect predictions show a remarkable similarity between true and predicted compounds.

scholarly journals French Translation of the Multidimensional Pain Inventory:L’inventaire multidimensionnel de la douleur

2008 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 497-505 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Laliberté ◽  
Julie Lamoureux ◽  
Michael JL Sullivan ◽  
Jean-Marc Miller ◽  
Julie Charron ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rehabilitation Program ◽  
French Language ◽  
Evaluation Tool ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
Multidimensional Pain Inventory ◽  
Language Version ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural ◽  
Reverse Translation ◽  
French Speaking ◽  
Emotional Aspects

BACKGROUND: The Multidimensional Pain Inventory (MPI) is a widely used tool in the evaluation of pain conditions. This questionnaire has been translated and validated in multiple languages. However, there is no validated French-language version available for clinicians and researchers interested in evaluating people living with pain.OBJECTIVES: The main objective of the present project was to make available a validated French-language evaluation tool for the cognitive, behavioural and emotional aspects of pain.METHODS: Following a reverse translation of the MPI, a French-language version of the questionnaire, theInventaire multidimensionnel de la douleur, that was presented to 227 participants living with chronic pain, was obtained. These participants were all involved in a rehabilitation program in four different settings. A series of exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses was executed.RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: Although three items were removed from the original version of the MPI, the three sections of theInventaire multidimensionnel de la douleurhad good psychometric properties. The results concerning the questionnaire’s structure were very similar to those obtained with the original tool and during its translation into other languages. People wishing to evaluate pain in French-speaking populations now have access to a French-language version of the MPI.

Impact of adolescent methamphetamine use on social cognition: A human-mice reverse translation study

2021 ◽  
pp. 109183
Author(s):  
Antonio Verdejo-Garcia ◽  
Lauren Hanegraaf ◽  
GandiaMaría Carmen Blanco Gandía ◽  
Lopez-ArnauRaúl López-Arnau ◽  
Marina Grau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Cognition ◽  
Methamphetamine Use ◽  
Translation Study ◽  
Reverse Translation

scholarly journals In this Issue: Reverse Translation

2010 ◽  
Vol 90 (5) ◽  
pp. 450-453
Author(s):  
J Rees ◽  
L Naysmith
Keyword(s):  
Reverse Translation

scholarly journals Spatiotemporal mapping of soybean plantations in Rondônia, Western Brazilian Amazon

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olívia Bueno da COSTA ◽  
Eraldo Aparecido Trondoli MATRICARDI ◽  
Marcos Antonio PEDLOWSKI ◽  
Mark Alan COCHRANE ◽  
Luiz Cláudio FERNANDES
Keyword(s):  
Landsat Imagery ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
The State ◽  
Commission Errors ◽  
Spatiotemporal Mapping ◽  
Crop Fields ◽  
Decision Tree Classification ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Global Accuracy ◽  
Spectral Mixture

ABSTRACT Although soybean production has been increasing in the state of Rondônia in the last decade, soybean planted area has been estimated indirectly using secondary datasets, which has limited understanding of its spatiotemporal distribution patterns. This study aimed to map and analyze spatial patterns of soybean expansion in Rondônia. We developed a classification technique based on Spectral Mixture Analysis (SMA) derived from Landsat imagery and Decision Tree Classification to detect and map soybean plantations in 2000, 2005, 2010, and 2014. The soybean classification map showed 93% global accuracy, 23% omission and 0% of commission errors for soybean crop fields. The greatest increases of soybean cropped area in the state of Rondônia were observed between 2000-2005 and 2005-2010 time-periods (33,239 ha and 59,628 ha, respectively), mostly located in Southern Rondônia. The expansion of soybean areas to Northern Rondônia (25,627 ha) has mostly occurred in the 2010-2014 time period. We estimate that 95.4% of all newly created soybean plantations, detected by 2014, were established on lands deforested nine or more years earlier. We concluded that the incursion of soybean plantations on lands deforested for other land uses (e.g. ranching) is contributing to their displacement (pastures) from older colonization zones toward more remote frontier areas of the Amazon, exacerbating new deforestation there.

scholarly journals Assessing a Prototype Database for Comprehensive Global Aquatic Land Cover Mapping

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (19) ◽  
pp. 4012
Author(s):  
Panpan Xu ◽  
Nandin-Erdene Tsendbazar ◽  
Martin Herold ◽  
Jan G. P. W. Clevers
Keyword(s):  
Land Cover ◽  
Life Form ◽  
Land Cover Mapping ◽  
Commission Errors ◽  
Multiple User ◽  
Level 3 ◽  
Level 1 ◽  
Level 2 ◽  
Global Datasets ◽  
Flooded Areas

The monitoring of Global Aquatic Land Cover (GALC) plays an essential role in protecting and restoring water-related ecosystems. Although many GALC datasets have been created before, a uniform and comprehensive GALC dataset is lacking to meet multiple user needs. This study aims to assess the effectiveness of using existing global datasets to develop a comprehensive and user-oriented GALC database and identify the gaps of current datasets in GALC mapping. Eight global datasets were reframed to construct a three-level (i.e., from general to detailed) prototype database for 2015, conforming with the United Nations Land Cover Classification System (LCCS)-based GALC characterization framework. An independent validation was done, and the overall results show some limitations of current datasets in comprehensive GALC mapping. The Level-1 map had considerable commission errors in delineating the general GALC distribution. The Level-2 maps were good at characterizing permanently flooded areas and natural aquatic types, while accuracies were poor in the mapping of temporarily flooded and waterlogged areas as well as artificial aquatic types; vegetated aquatic areas were also underestimated. The Level-3 maps were not sufficient in characterizing the detailed life form types (e.g., trees, shrubs) for aquatic land cover. However, the prototype GALC database is flexible to derive user-specific maps and has important values to aquatic ecosystem management. With the evolving earth observation opportunities, limitations in the current GALC characterization can be addressed in the future.

scholarly journals Translation, cross-cultural adaptation and psychometric evaluation of the Brazilian version of the Cystic Fibrosis Knowledge Scale (CFKS)

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. e0259232
Author(s):  
Karolinne Souza Monteiro ◽  
Thayla Amorim Santino ◽  
Smita Pakhale ◽  
Louise Balfour ◽  
Karla Morganna Pereira Pinto de Mendonça
Keyword(s):  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Cultural Adaptation ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Psychometric Evaluation ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Cross Cultural Adaptation ◽  
Brazilian Version ◽  
Reverse Translation ◽  
Knowledge Scale

Background Information on the level of knowledge about cystic fibrosis (CF) among affected people and their families is still scarce. Objective This study aimed to translate, cross-culturally adapt and analyze the psychometric properties of the Brazilian version of Cystic Fibrosis Knowledge Scale (CFKS). Materials and methods The translation and cross-cultural adaptation involved the stages of translation, synthesis of translations, reverse translation, synthesis of reverse translations, review by a multi-professional committee of experts and pre-testing. The reliability, viability, construct, predictive, concurrent and discriminant validity were investigated. Results The sample consisted of 40 individuals with cystic CF, 47 individuals with asthma, 242 healthcare workers and 81 students from the health area. The Brazilian version of the CFKS presented high internal consistency (α = 0.91), moderate floor and ceiling effects, without differences in the test-retest scores. An analysis of factorial exploration identified three dimensions. Confirmatory factor analysis led to an acceptable data-model fit. There was good predictive validity, with a difference in the scores among all the evaluated groups (p <0.001), as well as good discriminant validity since individuals with asthma had greater knowledge of asthma compared to CF (r = 0.401, p = 0.005; r2 = 0.162). However, there was no difference between the diagnosis time and knowledge about CF (r = -0.25, p = 0.11; r2 = 0.06), either between treatment adherence and knowledge about CF (r = -0.04, p = 0.77; r2 = 0.002). Conclusion The Brazilian version of the CFKS indicated that the scale is able to provide valid, reliable and reproducible measures for evaluating the knowledge about CF.

scholarly journals Using Wikipedia as a classroom tool — a translation experience

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Martínez Carrasco
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Collaborative Work ◽  
Learning Experiences ◽  
Meaningful Learning ◽  
Classroom Experience ◽  
European Higher Education Area ◽  
Teaching Innovation ◽  
Reverse Translation ◽  
Innovation Project ◽  
European Higher Education

This paper presents a classroom experience regarding the use of Wikipedia in a teaching innovation project carried out between Jaume I University and Wikimedia Spain. Framed in the current post-postivist climate within the European Higher Education Area (EHEA), Wikipedia will be presented as an inter-disciplinary tool with a relevant number of classroom applications, reflecting how meaningful learning experiences based on collaborative work and authentic project-based tasks lead to better understanding and higher levels of motivation among the students. In the particular case of translation education, it will be argued that using Wikipedia in the course of the reverse translation modules allows the students to gain a deeper insight of its linguistic and discursive structures, as well as the critical/exegetic skills they need in order to assess the kind of texts with which they are commissioned, and the special discursive techniques associated to the translation task.

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