A model for teaching individual assessment in doctoral I-O programs

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kortney Peagram ◽  
Nancy Newton ◽  
Keith Carroll
Keyword(s):  
Individual Assessment

scholarly journals Comprehensive survey among statistical members of medical ethics committees in Germany on their personal impression of completeness and correctness of biostatistical aspects of submitted study protocols

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. e032864
Author(s):  
Geraldine Rauch ◽  
Lorena Hafermann ◽  
Ulrich Mansmann ◽  
Iris Pigeot
Keyword(s):  
Medical Ethics ◽  
Missing Values ◽  
Sample Size Calculation ◽  
Ethics Committees ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Study Protocols ◽  
Individual Assessment ◽  
Statistical Problems ◽  
Multiple Comparison Procedures

ObjectivesTo assess biostatistical quality of study protocols submitted to German medical ethics committees according to personal appraisal of their statistical members.DesignWe conducted a web-based survey among biostatisticians who have been active as members in German medical ethics committees during the past 3 years.SettingThe study population was identified by a comprehensive web search on websites of German medical ethics committees.ParticipantsThe final list comprised 86 eligible persons. In total, 57 (66%) completed the survey.QuestionnaireThe first item checked whether the inclusion criterion was met. The last item assessed satisfaction with the survey. Four items aimed to characterise the medical ethics committee in terms of type and location, one item asked for the urgency of biostatistical training addressed to the medical investigators. The main 2×12 items reported an individual assessment of the quality of biostatistical aspects in the submitted study protocols, while distinguishing studies according to the German Medicines Act (AMG)/German Act on Medical Devices (MPG) and studies non-regulated by these laws.Primary and secondary outcome measuresThe individual assessment of the quality of biostatistical aspects corresponds to the primary objective. Thus, participants were asked to complete the sentence ‘In x% of the submitted study protocols, the following problem occurs’, where 12 different statistical problems were formulated. All other items assess secondary endpoints.ResultsFor all biostatistical aspects, 45 of 49 (91.8%) participants judged the quality of AMG/MPG study protocols much better than that of ‘non-regulated’ studies. The latter are in median affected 20%–60% more often by statistical problems. The highest need for training was reported for sample size calculation, missing values and multiple comparison procedures.ConclusionsBiostatisticians being active in German medical ethics committees classify the biostatistical quality of study protocols as low for ‘non-regulated’ studies, whereas quality is much better for AMG/MPG studies.

scholarly journals Testing for SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence: experiences of a tertiary eye centre

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. e000688
Author(s):  
Focke Ziemssen ◽  
You-Shan Feng ◽  
Sven Schnichels ◽  
Tarek Bayyoud ◽  
Marius Ueffing ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Point Of Care ◽  
Kappa Statistics ◽  
Antibody Testing ◽  
Self Assessment ◽  
Individual Assessment ◽  
Hygiene Measures ◽  
Antibody Titres ◽  
Antiviral Antibody ◽  
Sequential Combination ◽  
The Individual

IntroductionThe actual prevalence of a SARS-CoV-2 infection and the individual assessment of being or having been infected may differ. Facing the great uncertainty—especially at the beginning of the pandemic—and the possibility of asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic, subclinical infections, we evaluate the experience of SARS-CoV-2 antibody screening at a tertiary clinical setting.Methods and analysisAll employees of a tertiary eye centre and a research institute of ophthalmology were offered antibody testing in May 2020, using a sequential combination of different validated assays/antigens and point-of-care (POC) testing for a subset (NCT04446338). Before taking blood, a systematic inquiry into past symptoms, known contacts and a subjective self-assessment was documented. The correlations between serostatus, patient contacts and demographic characteristics were analysed. Different tests were compared by Kappa statistics.ResultsAmong 318 participants, SARS-CoV-2 antibodies were detected in 9 employees. Chemiluminescence assays (chemiluminescence immunoassay and electrochemiluminescence) showed superior specificity and high reproducibility, compared with ELISA and POC results.In contrast to the low seropositivity (2.8%) of healthcare workers, higher than that of the other departments of the hospital, a large proportion mistakenly assumed that they might have already been infected. Antiviral antibody titres increased and remained on a plateau for at least 3 months.ConclusionsThe great demand and acceptance confirmed the benefit of highly sensitive testing methods in the early phase of the pandemic. The coincidence of low seroprevalence and anxious employees may have contributed to internalising the need of hygiene measures.

scholarly journals Comparative physical activity as a global question to assess physical activity among university students

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Katharina Diehl ◽  
Alessia Brassat ◽  
Jennifer Hilger-Kolb
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
University Students ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Group Level ◽  
Comparative Measurement ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Comparative Optimism ◽  
Individual Assessment ◽  
The Individual

Abstract Background To assess physical activity (PA), a comparative measurement – evaluating one’s own PA compared to others – may be an appropriate method. In previous studies, the use of comparative measurements led to an effect known as unrealistic comparative optimism (UCO) – people being unrealistically optimistic about their behavior. Our aim was to use this comparative measurement in university students to quantify the prevalence of UCO at the group level and to draw conclusions on its validity. Methods We used data from the Nutrition and Physical Activity in Adolescence Study (NuPhA), a cross-sectional online survey that included only self-reports (n = 689). To assess PA among students, they were asked to rate their PA level compared to that of their same-aged fellow students. In addition, we used the Godin-Shephard leisure-time PA questionnaire and other questions on PA for comparisons. We used bivariate and cluster-based analyses to identify potential UCO. Results We found that UCO at the group level led to an uneven distribution, with a higher proportion of students who rated themselves as being more physically active than average. However, the individual assessment of PA with a single and simple comparative question seemed to be valid. Discussion A global single comparative question seems useful for studies where PA is measured as a covariate in university students.

scholarly journals Development of Herbarium Book as Biology Instructional Media in Plant Morphology Subject for Biology Education Undergraduate Students, University of Pasir Pangaraian

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-19
Author(s):  
Dahlia Dahlia
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Small Groups ◽  
Leaf Morphology ◽  
Biology Education ◽  
Plant Morphology ◽  
Average Score ◽  
Study Program ◽  
Individual Assessment ◽  
Large Groups

The development of instructional especially media of a herbarium book is an innovation that aims to assist students in searching directly the object of leaf morphology studies. This development research starts from the needs analysis stage which is used to gather information, planning in media making, media design, media making, after that product validation by a team of media experts and material experts, then testing individual products, small groups and large groups. The subject of this product testing were students of the Biology Education Study Program at Pasir Pengaraian University. The results of the validation by the material experts showed that the quality of learning media using the herbarium book on leaf morphology material was included in the "very feasible" criteria, with an average score of 86.46%. The results of validation by media experts are included in the "very feasible" criteria, with an average score of 88.54%. Individual assessment obtained the criteria of "very feasible", with an average score of 84.16%. Judgement from small groups obtained a percentage of eligibility of 81.45% with very feasible criteria, and judgement from large groups of 83.95% with "very feasible" criteria. The results of the development of herbarium book media are very decent.

scholarly journals Breeding techniques to form final parent groups of sows (F1) with a high adaptive ability

2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-198
Author(s):  
R. I. Sheiko ◽  
I. N. Kazarovets
Keyword(s):  
Pork Production ◽  
Individual Assessment ◽  
Innovative Methodology ◽  
Performance Traits ◽  
Parent Groups ◽  
Breeding Animal ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Adaptive Ability ◽  
Initial Forms ◽  
Breeding Techniques

Global experience related to increased pork production shows that breeding work has become an integral part of the technology, since it is impossible to further improve breeding and performance traits of animals without it and therefore the greater production of better quality pork. The paper presents the results of the breeding process arrangement for creation of F1 parental pig. Substantiation of breeding techniques when creating the final parental groups of sows (F1) with a high adaptive ability was based on complex methods to evaluate breeding animals, including traditional methods of domestic breeding and breeding indices. Evaluation of combination compatibility of breed-linear hybrids with the use of breeding indices during mating of parent initial forms allows to determine efficiency of using Yorkshire sows with Landrace boars, and Landrace sows with Yorkshire boars (final parental sows (F1)), which had significantly better reproductive indicators in comparison with BLW х BM genotype sows. Particularly efficient compatibility was recorded when selecting Yorkshire sows and Landrace boars. It was determined that in modern conditions an increase in the efficiency of breeding and pedigree work in pig breeding was based on the use of genetic methods, including: individual assessment of pedigree species according to the main breeding traits, evaluation of genome of each breeding animal, and use of breeding indices allowing to identify the true genetic potential of animals and predict performance traits of their offspring. The research relevance lies in using the innovative methodology for comprehensive assessment of combination compatibility of parental pairs, unified for pig husbandries and pig farms, which will make it possible to 10% accelerate the breeding process of forming the final parental forms of sows, ensure obtaining offspring with predictable reproductive, fattening and meat traits, and good adaptive ability.

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