Leadership and Same-Gender Bias: Content Analysis of Promotion Recommendations

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas A. Stetz ◽  
John M. Ford
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Gender Bias ◽  
Same Gender

Deuce or advantage? Examining gender bias in online coverage of professional tennis

2016 ◽  
Vol 53 (5) ◽  
pp. 517-532 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrian Yip
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Gender Bias ◽  
Media Coverage ◽  
Female Athletes ◽  
Gender Representations ◽  
Tennis Players ◽  
Gender Beliefs ◽  
Professional Tennis ◽  
Official Site ◽  
Gender Specific

Despite the increasing popularity of women’s sports, it has generally been found that female athletes receive less media coverage and are portrayed negatively with myriad gender-specific descriptors. Such biased representations warrant attention as they construct and reinforce traditional gender beliefs. This study compared the representations of female and male tennis players on the official site of the Australian Open 2015 and ESPN. A total of 357 articles were analysed using content analysis. The findings showed that gender representations on the two media outlets were quite similar as they both portrayed female players more negatively than male players by focusing on a few areas directly or indirectly: athletic weaknesses, negative skills, mental weaknesses and non-competitive roles (including appearance, attire, family and personal relationship). However, the use of certain descriptors might indicate the possibility of more gender-neutral representations of athletes in the future. It was concluded that while hegemonic masculinity was challenged at times, stereotypical beliefs about females were largely reinforced in the mediated gender representations on the two websites.

Are Mixed-Gender Committees Less Biased Toward Female and Male Candidates? An Investigation of Competence-, Morality-, and Sociability-Related Terms in Performance Appraisal

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 586-605 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesca Prati ◽  
Michela Menegatti ◽  
Silvia Moscatelli ◽  
Corine Stella Kana Kenfack ◽  
Sara Pireddu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Performance Appraisal ◽  
Gender Bias ◽  
Work Performance ◽  
Performance Appraisals ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Evaluative Criteria ◽  
Female Employees ◽  
Same Gender ◽  
Mixed Gender

The present research investigated the spontaneous reference to the criteria of competence, morality, and sociability in descriptions made by professional committees evaluating female and male employees’ work performance. We examined whether professional committees used different criteria in their performance appraisal of male and female employees and how gender of committee members influences this outcome. The evidence showed that men were primarily evaluated on the basis of their competence, while women were evaluated on the basis of their performance in all the three (evaluative) criteria. Interestingly, using mixed compared with same gender committee members resulted in higher use of competence-related terms rather than sociability and morality ones, regardless of gender of employees. Overall, the evidence reveals that mixed-gender committees provide similar appraisals of male and female employees based on competence, suggesting that they might be an effective way to reduce gender bias in the performance appraisals.

scholarly journals Are Politicians More Responsive Towards Men’s or Women’s Service Delivery Requests? A Survey Experiment with Ugandan Politicians

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
SangEun Kim ◽  
Kristin Michelitch
Keyword(s):  
Service Delivery ◽  
Gender Bias ◽  
Public Service ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Health Clinic ◽  
Survey Experiment ◽  
Local School ◽  
Public Service Delivery ◽  
Male Health ◽  
Same Gender

Abstract This study examines whether politicians exhibit gender bias in responsiveness to constituents’ requests for public service delivery improvements in Uganda. We leverage an in-person survey experiment conducted with 333 subnational politicians, of which one-third are elected to women’s reserved seats. Politicians hear two constituents request improvements in staff absenteeism in their local school and health clinic and must decide how to allocate a fixed (hypothetical) budget between the two improvements. The voices of the citizens are randomly assigned to be (1) male-school, female-health or (2) female-school, male-health. We find no evidence of gender bias toward men versus women, or toward same-gender constituents. This study expands on the mixed results of prior studies examining gender bias in politician responsiveness (typically over email) by adding a critical new case: a low-income context with women’s reserved seats.

scholarly journals Gender and Parenting: A Content Analysis of the American Sitcom

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mollie Borer ◽  
Nicholas Alexander
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Gender Roles ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Gender Norms ◽  
The Family ◽  
Modern Family ◽  
Same Gender

The purpose of this study was not only to get a better understanding of what types of gender and parenting norms exist in television sitcoms, but to see if the same gender and parenting norms that were displayed in the 20th century would be displayed in a sitcom created 30 years later. This was done through a content analysis of the television sitcoms All In The Family and Modern Family. The researchers found that traditional gender norms still existed in both sitcoms, but that the gender roles and parenting norms were reversed in Modern Family.

scholarly journals BIAS GENDER DALAM BUKU PELAJARAN AGAMA ISLAM SEKOLAH MENENGAH ATAS

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurliana Nurliana ◽  
Rahmat Hidayat
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Content Analysis ◽  
Gender Bias ◽  
Religious Education ◽  
Conceptual Analysis ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
High School Education ◽  
Media Content ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
The Family

Abstract: Gender distinction have resulted in differences in the roles of men and women in society. In such a way, this gender distinction is inherent in the perspective of society, so that this distinction is considered permanent. This study aims to determine whether there is an element of gender bias in Islamic high school education textbooks. This study used a qualitative approach and was analyzed using descriptive methods. As for what will be analyzed in this study is the thoughts of Muslims about gender differences, especially those contained in Islamic religious education textbooks at high schools. The technique used to analyze documents is Ethnographic Content Analysis or a study of qualitative media content, which is an integrative and more conceptual analysis method to find, identify, process and analyze documents to understand their meaning, significance and relevance. The results show which is in Islamic religious education text books for Senior High School found that there are two central problems that contain elements of gender bias, namely the first issue of fiqh which includes an explanation of; requirements for Hajj and Umrah travel for women, limits on male and female genitalia, grave pilgrimages, munakahat (marriage guardians, marriage witnesses, husband and wife obligations, and about leaders in the family). The second is a matter of morals that governs the manners of dress and decoration for men and women.Keywords: Gender, Islamic Religious TextbooksAbstrak: Adanya perbedaaan antara laki-lai dan perempuan secara fisik telah membuat sudut pandang yang berbeda di tengah masyarakat, sehingga perbedaan ini dianggap sesuatu yang permanen. Adapun tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis perbedaan gender yang ada pada Buku Pendidikan Agama Islam untuk tingkat Sekolah Menengah Atas (SMA). Melalui pendekatan teori equilibrium yang tidak mempertentangkan perbedaan kaum laki-laki dan perempuan karena kaum laki-laki dan perempuan adalah mitra dalam kehidupan bermasyarakat. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dan dianalisis dengan metode deskriptif. Adapun yang akan dianalisis dalam penelitian ini adalah pemikiran umat Islam tentang perbedaan gender, terutama yang tertuang dalam buku pelajaran pendidikan agama Islam Sekolah Menengah Atas. Untuk menganalisis data dalam penelitian ini digunakan metode kualitatif dengan Ethnographyc Content Analysis, yang berarti menganalisis metode integrative yang lebih konseptual untuk menemukan, mengidentifikasi, mengolah dan menganalisis dokumen untuk memahami makna, signifikansi dan relevansinya. Hasil penelitian terhadap buku-buku teks pendidikan agama Islam untuk Sekolah Menengah Atas ditemukan ada dua persoalan sentral yang mengandung unsur bias gender, yaitu pertama persoalan fiqih yang mencakup penjelasan tentang; syarat perjalanan haji dan umrah bagi perempuan, batas aurat laki-laki dan perempuan, ziarah kubur, munakahat (wali nikah, saksi nikah, kewajiban suami istri, dan tentang pemimpin dalam keluarga). Kedua adalah persoalan akhlak yang mengatur tentang tata krama berpakaian dan berhias perempuan dan laki-lakiKata Kunci: Bias Gender, Buku Pelajaran Agama Islam

scholarly journals Kekerasan terhadap perempuan dalam wacana tafsir keagamaan di Indonesia perspektif Islam

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marzuki Marzuki
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
Gender Bias ◽  
Gender Violence ◽  
Local Culture ◽  
Muslim Community ◽  
Religious Thought ◽  
And Behavior

This is a content analysis research that examines the contents of the books of fiqh that have the potential existence of gender violence; especially a book entitled Vqud al-Lujjain fi al­Bayani Huquq al-Zaujain; a work of Muhammad ibn Umar al-Nawawi al-Banteni; in gender equality and justice perspective. This study shows that gender violence among the Muslim community,particularly in Indonesia, was much influenced by the circulation of the books of fiqh that have the potential gender bias and have an impact on religious thought and behavior. Among of causalfactors is the influence cfinterpretations of the scholars whose interpretations are characterized by a partial, not comprehensive, literal (textual), not contextual, and heavily itifluenced by local culture. As a result, the understanding is less consistent with the principles of al-Qurran that stressed equality,justice, and .freedom. The eJfortneed to be done is reconstruction and reformulation of the books offiqh.

scholarly journals Gender Homophily in Referral Networks: Consequences for the Medicare Physician Earnings Gap

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan Zeltzer
Keyword(s):  
Gender Bias ◽  
Gender Gap ◽  
Medicare Patient ◽  
Referral Networks ◽  
Earnings Gap ◽  
Positive Externality ◽  
Female Relative ◽  
Same Gender ◽  
Patient Referrals ◽  
Robust Evidence

I assess the extent to which the gender gap in physician earnings may be driven by physicians’ preference for referring to specialists of the same gender. Analyzing administrative data on 100 million Medicare patient referrals, I provide robust evidence that doctors refer more to specialists of their own gender. I show that biased referrals are predominantly driven by physicians’ decisions rather than by endogenous sorting of physicians or patients. Because most referring doctors are male, the net impact of same-gender bias by both male and female doctors generates lower demand for female relative to male specialists, pointing to a positive externality for increased female participation in medicine. (JEL H51, I11, J16, J31, J44)

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