Stressful life events and negatively impact depression-relevant executive function in a community sample of young adolescence

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denise R. Labelle ◽  
Lauren B. Alloy ◽  
Lyn Y. Abramson
Keyword(s):  
Executive Function ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Stressful Life ◽  
Young Adolescence

Anxiety Sensitivity and Panic-Related Symptomatology in a Representative Community-Based Sample: A 1-Year Longitudinal Analysis

2008 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian J. Cox ◽  
Steven Taylor ◽  
Ian P. Clara ◽  
Lance Roberts ◽  
Murray W. Enns
Keyword(s):  
Life Events ◽  
Anxiety Sensitivity ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Longitudinal Research ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Panic Attacks ◽  
Stressful Life ◽  
Sensitivity Index ◽  
Community Based ◽  
The Impact

Anxiety sensitivity is the fear of anxiety sensations based on beliefs that they have harmful physical, psychological, or social consequences. Anxiety sensitivity may represent a psychological vulnerability for panic attacks, but much of the research to date has been limited to selective college student or treatment-seeking samples. There is a paucity of research based on representative community-based samples. There is also a lack of longitudinal research in this regard. The current study addressed both of these issues by investigating the impact of anxiety sensitivity in a large community sample (N = 585) assessed longitudinally over a 1-year period. A hierarchical regression model was used to determine whether baseline scores on the Anxiety Sensitivity Index (ASI) could prospectively predict scores on the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), a continuous scale that is largely a measure of panic-related symptomatology. Baseline BAI scores, neuroticism and stressful life events’ main effects, their interaction, and the ASI were all significant predictors of Time 2 BAI scores. The results thereby show that anxiety sensitivity predicts subsequent panic-related symptomatology even after adjusting for the effects of neuroticism, stressful life events, and their interaction.

Neuroticism, social network, stressful life events: Association with mood disorders, depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation in a community sample of women

2015 ◽  
Vol 226 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Mandelli ◽  
Finiki A. Nearchou ◽  
Chrysostomos Vaiopoulos ◽  
Costas N. Stefanis ◽  
Silia Vitoratou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Network ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Mood Disorders ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Stressful Life

scholarly journals Stressful life events moderate the effect of neural reward responsiveness in childhood on depressive symptoms in adolescence

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (9) ◽  
pp. 1548-1555 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brandon L. Goldstein ◽  
Ellen M. Kessel ◽  
Autumn Kujawa ◽  
Megan C. Finsaas ◽  
Joanne Davila ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Reward Processing ◽  
Event Related Potential ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Stressful Life ◽  
Depression Symptoms

AbstractBackgroundReward processing deficits have been implicated in the etiology of depression. A blunted reward positivity (RewP), an event-related potential elicited by feedback to monetary gain relative to loss, predicts new onsets and increases in depression symptoms. Etiological models of depression also highlight stressful life events. However, no studies have examined whether stressful life events moderate the effect of the RewP on subsequent depression symptoms. We examined this question during the key developmental transition from childhood to adolescence.MethodsA community sample of 369 children (mean age of 9) completed a self-report measure of depression symptoms. The RewP to winning v. losing was elicited using a monetary reward task. Three years later, we assessed stressful life events occurring in the year prior to the follow-up. Youth depressive symptoms were rated by the children and their parents at baseline and follow-up.ResultsStressful life events moderated the effect of the RewP on depression symptoms at follow-up such that a blunted RewP predicted higher depression symptoms in individuals with higher levels of stressful life events. This effect was also evident when events that were independent of the youth's behavior were examined separately.ConclusionsThese results suggest that the RewP reflects a vulnerability for depression that is activated by stress.

Fatigue in a community sample of twins

2003 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 263-281 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. F. SULLIVAN ◽  
P. KOVALENKO ◽  
T. P. YORK ◽  
C. A. PRESCOTT ◽  
K. S. KENDLER
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Major Depression ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Generalized Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Stressful Life ◽  
Generalized Anxiety ◽  
Addictive Disorders

Background. Fatigue is a complex symptom associated with many physiological, psychological and pathological processes. Its correlates and typology remain inadequately understood.Method. These data were from two large, longitudinal twin studies. Trained interviewers enquired as to the presence of a [ges ]5 day period in the previous year of fatigue or tiredness that interfered with daily activities. A range of potential correlates was assessed in a structured interview: demography; health beliefs; the presence of nine physical disorders; mood, anxiety and addictive disorders; neuroticism and extraversion; recollections of parental rearing; and nine stressful life events. Statistical analyses included logistic regression, CART, MARS, latent class analysis and univariate twin modelling.Results. Data were available for interfering fatigue (IF) on 7740 individual twins (prevalence 9·9% in the previous year). IF was significantly associated with 42 of 52 correlates (most strongly with major depression, generalized anxiety disorder, reported major health problems and neuroticism). Multivariate analyses demonstrated that IF is a highly complex construct with different sets of correlates in its subtypes. There were two broad clusters of correlates of IF: (a) major depression, generalized anxiety disorder and neuroticism; and (b) beliefs of ill health coexisting with alcoholism and stressful life events. Twin analyses were consistent with aetiological heterogeneity – genetic effects may be particularly important in women and shared environmental effects in men.Conclusions. IF is a complex and common human symptom that is highly heterogeneous. More precise understanding of the determinants of IF may lead to a fuller understanding of more extreme conditions like chronic fatigue syndrome.

Social support, neuropsychological performance, and depression in HIV infection

2002 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 436-447 ◽  
Author(s):  
VANESSA J. HONN ◽  
ROBERT A. BORNSTEIN
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Executive Function ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Stressful Life ◽  
Neuropsychological Performance ◽  
Psychosocial Variables ◽  
Social Contacts ◽  
Perceived Disability ◽  
The Impact

The present study was designed to examine the impact of neuropsychological performance on the relationships between stress, social support, and depression in 217 HIV-infected men. Using path analysis, the contributions of four domains of cognitive functioning (memory, attention, executive function, and psychomotor speed), IQ, and relevant psychosocial variables to depression were evaluated. In the model which best fit the data, cognitive domains did not contribute directly to depression, but contributed significantly to psychosocial variables which affected levels of depression. Attention and executive function contributed to reduced illness-related disability; while higher IQ was associated with fewer stressful life events. Number of stressful life events and level of illness-related disability were associated with depressive symptoms. Higher IQ led to greater numbers of social contacts, which was associated with fewer reported symptoms of depression. These findings suggest that better neuropsychological performance may lead to reduced stress and perceived disability, and more available social contacts. By these multiple paths, different domains of cognitive ability contribute indirectly to ameliorating depression in HIV-infected men. (JINS, 2002, 8, 436–447.)

Self-Criticism, Maladaptive Perfectionism, and Depression Symptoms in a Community Sample: A Longitudinal Test of the Mediating Effects of Person-Dependent Stressful Life Events

2009 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 336-349 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian J. Cox ◽  
Ian P. Clara ◽  
Murray W. Enns
Keyword(s):  
Life Events ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Longitudinal Research ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Stressful Life ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Mediation Model ◽  
Socially Prescribed Perfectionism ◽  
Maladaptive Perfectionism ◽  
The Relationship

Both self-criticism and maladaptive dimensions of perfectionism have been associated with depression symptoms, based on cross-sectional and some longitudinal research with selective clinical and student samples. The present study evaluated a mediation model involving self-criticism, maladaptive dimensions of perfectionism, and depression-related symptoms at baseline (Time 1), and person-dependent stressful life events and depression-related symptoms 12 months later (Time 2), in a more representative noninstitutionalized sample. Participants included 723 community-based adults in an urban area. A proposed mediation model based on recent theoretical writings was evaluated, whereby the effects of self-criticism and maladaptive perfectionism on subsequent depression symptoms were hypothesized to be mediated by person-dependent stressful life events. In female respondents, the relationship between self-criticism and Time 2 depression was not mediated by person-dependent stressful life events and the relationship between socially prescribed perfectionism and Time 2 depression was fully mediated by person-dependent life events. In male respondents, self-criticism showed evidence of partial mediation while doubts about actions and socially prescribed perfectionism did not have significant main effects on Time 2 depression. Clinical and research implications of this important cognitive diathesis domain in association with person-dependent stressful life events and subsequent depression are discussed.

Anxiety, depression and stressful life events among medical students: a prospective study in Antalya, Turkey

2001 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehmet Aktekin ◽  
Taha Karaman ◽  
Yesim Yigiter Senol ◽  
Sukru Erdem ◽  
Hakan Erengin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Stressful Life ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
Anxiety Depression
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