The relationship between factors of ocular efficiency and eye-movement measures at the college level.

1941 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Y. Walker ◽  
H. Molish
Keyword(s):  
Eye Movement ◽  
College Level ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals The Relationship Between Daily Rapid-Eye Movement Sleep and Cognitive Functioning in Older Adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 159-159
Author(s):  
Tiana Broen ◽  
Tomiko Yoneda ◽  
Jonathan Rush ◽  
Jamie Knight ◽  
Nathan Lewis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Working Memory ◽  
Cognitive Functioning ◽  
Eye Movement ◽  
Rem Sleep ◽  
Cognitive Tests ◽  
Rapid Eye Movement ◽  
Targeted Interventions ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Previous cross-sectional research suggests that age-related decreases in Rapid-Eye Movement (REM) sleep may contribute to poorer cognitive functioning (CF); however, few studies have examined the relationship at the intraindividual level by measuring habitual sleep over multiple days. Applying a 14-day daily diary design, the current study examines the dynamic relationship between REM sleep and CF in 69 healthy older adults (M age=70.8 years, SD=3.37; 73.9% female; 66.6% completed at least an undergraduate degree). A Fitbit device provided actigraphy indices of REM sleep (minutes and percentage of total sleep time), while CF was measured four times daily on a smartphone via ambulatory cognitive tests that captured processing speed and working memory. This research addressed the following questions: At the within-person level, are fluctuations in quantity of REM sleep associated with fluctuations in next day cognitive measures across days? Do individuals who spend more time in REM sleep on average, perform better on cognitive tests than adults who spend less time in REM sleep? A series of multilevel models were fit to examine the extent to which each index of sleep accounted for daily fluctuations in performance on next day cognitive tests. Results indicated that during nights when individuals had more REM sleep minutes than was typical, they performed better on the working memory task the next morning (estimate = -.003, SE = .002, p = .02). These results highlight the impact of REM sleep on CF, and further research may allow for targeted interventions for earlier treatment of sleep-related cognitive impairment.

Information Processing vs Visual Attention during Incidental Learning

1976 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 555-561 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard A. Wyrick ◽  
Vincent J. Tempone ◽  
Jack Capehart
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Visual Attention ◽  
Eye Movement ◽  
Discrimination Training ◽  
Incidental Learning ◽  
Intentional Learning ◽  
Order Information ◽  
Level Of Training ◽  
The Relationship

The relationship between attention and incidental learning during discrimination training was studied in 30 children, aged 10 to 11. A polymetric eye-movement recorder measured direct visual attention. Consistent with previous findings, recall of incidental stimuli was greatest during the initial and terminal stages of intentional learning. Contrary to previous explanations, however, visual attention to incidental stimuli was not related to training. While individual differences in attention to incidental stimuli were predictive of recall, attention to incidental stimuli was not related to level of training. Results suggested that changes in higher order information processing rather than direct visual attention were responsible for the curvilinear learning of incidental stimuli during intentional training.

scholarly journals Tracking eye movements when solving geometry problems with handwriting devices

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
John J. H. Lin ◽  
Sunny S. J. Lin
Keyword(s):  
Eye Movements ◽  
Eye Movement ◽  
Dwell Time ◽  
Problem Area ◽  
Instructional Designers ◽  
Perceived Difficulty ◽  
Problem Solvers ◽  
Similar Triangles ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Sensitive Pressure

The present study investigated the following issues: (1) whether differences are evident in the eye movement measures of successful and unsuccessful problem-solvers; (2) what is the relationship between perceived difficulty and eye movement measures; and (3) whether eye movements in various AOIs differ when solving problems. Sixty-three 11th grade students solved five geometry problems about the properties of similar triangles. A digital drawing tablet and sensitive pressure pen were used to record the responses. The results indicated that unsuccessful solvers tended to have more fixation counts, run counts, and longer dwell time on the problem area, whereas successful solvers focused more on the calculation area. In addition, fixation counts, dwell time, and run counts in the diagram area were positively correlated with the perceived difficulty, suggesting that understanding similar triangles may require translation or mental rotation. We argue that three eye movement measures (i.e., fixation counts, dwell time, and run counts) are appropriate for use in examining problem solving given that they differentiate successful from unsuccessful solvers and correlate with perceived difficulty. Furthermore, the eye-tracking technique provides objective measures of students’ cognitive load for instructional designers.

scholarly journals The Relationship Between EFL Students’ Perceptual Learning Styles and Their Language Learning Strategies in Saudi Arabia

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 69
Author(s):  
Sulaiman Alnujaidi
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Learning Styles ◽  
Language Learning ◽  
Perceptual Learning ◽  
Learning Strategies ◽  
College Level ◽  
Language Learning Strategies ◽  
Efl Students ◽  
Perceptual Learning Styles ◽  
The Relationship

This study investigated the relationship between EFL students’ Perceptual Learning Styles (PLS) and their Language Learning Strategies (LLS). A group of (155) college-level EFL students in Saudi Arabia was surveyed. Reid’s learning styles model was employed to identify the participants’ PLS. Oxford’s language learning strategies model was used to identify the participants’ LLS. The study’s results showed that the most preferred learning styles among students were kinesthetic, auditory, and group PLS respectively. It was also found that the most frequently used language learning strategies among students were metacognitive, social, and cognitive LLS respectively. The study revealed a statistically significant relationship between participants’ perceptual learning styles and their language learning strategies.

Addressing the divergence between health science students’ learning preferences and the way their teachers teach

The Advisor ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Una L. DeChellis
Keyword(s):  
Learning Preferences ◽  
Health Science ◽  
First Year ◽  
College Level ◽  
Science Students ◽  
Teaching Approaches ◽  
Science Courses ◽  
Anatomy And Physiology ◽  
Quantitative And Qualitative Research ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Both the literature and personal experience show that attrition from prerequisite science courses for the health professions is significant. To examine one possible reason for that attrition, a study was designed to examine the relationship between the teaching approaches employed by college-level anatomy and physiology (A&P) instructors and the learning preferences of first-year health science (FYHS) students. Students and instructors of a first-year Anatomy and Physiology course at a small, private four year college in the Northeast participated in a combined quantitative and qualitative research protocol. Results showed that instructors’ teaching approaches met the participating FYHS students’ learning preferences in some areas but not all. The findings suggest that addressing the gap between FYHS students’ learning preferences and the teaching approaches of A&P instructors could lead to more successful academic outcomes.

Abstract P417: Relationship Between Blood Pressure Variability and Sleep Architecture

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 141 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoyue Liu ◽  
Jeongok G Logan ◽  
Younghoon Kwon ◽  
Jennifer Lobo ◽  
Hyojung Kang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Eye Movement ◽  
Rem Sleep ◽  
Sleep Time ◽  
Sleep Architecture ◽  
Sleep Stages ◽  
Apnea Hypopnea Index ◽  
Rapid Eye Movement ◽  
Sleep Studies ◽  
The Relationship

Introduction: Blood pressure (BP) variability (BPV) is a novel marker for cardiovascular disease (CVD) independent of high BP. Sleep architecture represents the structured pattern of sleep stages consisting of rapid eye movement (REM) and non-rapid eye movement (NREM), and it is an important element in the homeostatic regulation of sleep. Currently, little is known regarding whether BPV is linked to sleep stages. Our study aimed to examine the relationship between sleep architecture and BPV. Methods: We analyzed in-lab polysomnographic studies collected from individuals who underwent diagnostic sleep studies at a university hospital from 2010 to 2017. BP measures obtained during one year prior to the sleep studies were included. BPV was computed using the coefficient of variation for all individuals who had three or more systolic and diastolic BP data. We conducted linear regression analysis to assess the relationship of systolic BPV (SBPV) and diastolic BPV (DBPV) with the sleep stage distribution (REM and NREM sleep time), respectively. Covariates that can potentially confound the relationships were adjusted in the models, including age, sex, race/ethnicity, body mass index, total sleep time, apnea-hypopnea index, mean BP, and history of medication use (antipsychotics, antidepressants, and antihypertensives) during the past two years before the sleep studies. Results: Our sample (N=3,565; male = 1,353) was racially and ethnically diverse, with a mean age 54 ± 15 years and a mean BP of 131/76 ± 13.9/8.4 mmHg. Among the sleep architecture measures examined, SBPV showed an inverse relationship with REM sleep time after controlling for all covariates ( p = .033). We subsequently categorized SBPV into four quartiles and found that the 3 rd quartile (mean SBP SD = 14.9 ± 2.1 mmHg) had 3.3 fewer minutes in REM sleep compared to the 1 st quartile ( p = .02). However, we did not observe any relationship between DBPV and sleep architecture. Conclusion: Greater SBPV was associated with lower REM sleep time. This finding suggests a possible interplay between BPV and sleep architecture. Future investigation is warranted to clarify the directionality, mechanism, and therapeutic implications.

Modern Furniture Color Image Based on Eye Tracking

2012 ◽  
Vol 157-158 ◽  
pp. 410-414 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ji Feng Xu ◽  
Han Ning Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Eye Tracking ◽  
Eye Movement ◽  
Color Image ◽  
Vision System ◽  
Human Vision ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Human Vision System ◽  
Eye Tracker ◽  
Color Features ◽  
The Relationship

The relationship between modern furniture color image and eye tracking has been of interest to academics and practitioners for many years. We propose and develop a new view and method exploring these connections, utilizing data from a survey of 31 testees’ eye tracking observed value. Using Tobii X120 eye tracker to analyze eye movement to furniture samples in different hue and tones colors, we highlight the relative importance of the effect of furniture color on human vision system and show that the connections between furniture color features with color image.

Analysis of the relationship between eye movement and psychological state caused by interest and perplexity

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 (0) ◽  
pp. J1230104
Author(s):  
Kosei MINAMI ◽  
Keiichi WATANUKI ◽  
Kazunori KAEDE ◽  
Keiichi MURAMATU
Keyword(s):  
Eye Movement ◽  
Psychological State ◽  
The Relationship
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