Audio-Visual Abnormalities Questionnaire

Abstract Rotational vertebral artery (VA) occlusion syndrome, also known as bow hunter's syndrome, is an uncommon variant of vertebrobasilar insufficiency typically occurring with head rotation.1-3 The most common presenting symptom is dizziness (76.8%), followed by visual abnormalities and syncope (50.4% and 40.4%, respectively).2 Osteophytic compression due to spinal spondylosis has been shown to be the most common etiology (46.2%), with other factors, such as a fibrous band, muscular compression, or spinal instability, being documented.1,2 Treatment is dependent on the level and site of VA compression with anterior, anterolateral, or posterior approaches being described.1,4 We present the case of a 72-yr-old male with osteophytic compression of the V3 segment of the vertebral artery at the occipital-cervical junction. The patient underwent a C1 hemilaminectomy and removal of osteophytic compression from the occipital-cervical joint. The patient had complete resolution of compression of his vertebral artery on postoperative imaging and remained neurologically intact following the procedure. We review the literature on this topic, the technical nuances of the procedure performed, and review the different treatment modalities available for this rare condition.1-11 The patient consented to the procedure and to publication of their image.

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HEARING LOSS IN RETINITIS PIGMENTOSA

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.40.5.875 ◽

1967 ◽

Vol 40 (5) ◽

pp. 875-880

Author(s):

Richard L. Goode ◽

F. Mark Rafaty ◽

F. Blair Simmons

Keyword(s):

Hearing Loss ◽

Early Diagnosis ◽

Retinitis Pigmentosa ◽

Clinical Course ◽

Family Members ◽

Onset Age ◽

Hearing Tests ◽

Historical Information ◽

Hearing Defect ◽

Visual Abnormalities

The clinical course of hearing loss associated with retinitis pigmentosa is outlined in four brief case summaries. This incidence of hearing loss in retinitis pigmentosa is 10% and occurs several years before clinical visual abnormalities. A battery of audiometric tests all suggest that the hearing defect is within the cochlea and that it is not rapidly progressive. Onset age has not been established. The employment of more than routine hearing tests, testing of other family members, electroretinograms, and historical information about certain features of familial vision are useful in establishing early diagnosis.

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Oculo-visual abnormalities in Parkinson's disease: Possible value as biomarkers

Movement Disorders ◽

10.1002/mds.27454 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 33 (9) ◽

pp. 1390-1406 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

Li Guo ◽

Eduardo M. Normando ◽

Parth Arvind Shah ◽

Lies De Groef ◽

M. Francesca Cordeiro

Keyword(s):

Parkinson’S Disease ◽

Parkinson's Disease ◽

Visual Abnormalities

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A case of pituitary apoplexy in pregnancy

Endocrinology Diabetes and Metabolism Case Reports ◽

10.1530/edm-14-0043 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Aimee R Hayes ◽

Anthony J O'Sullivan ◽

Mark A Davies

Keyword(s):

Pituitary Apoplexy ◽

Rare Event ◽

Visual Disturbance ◽

List Type ◽

The Subject ◽

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽

Evidence Of Impact ◽

Learning Points ◽

Visual Abnormalities ◽

In Pregnancy

Summary Pituitary apoplexy is a rare event in pregnancy. A 41-year-old woman with a known pituitary microadenoma presented with visual disturbance and headache during the second trimester of pregnancy. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) demonstrated pituitary apoplexy with chiasmal compression. After treatment with corticosteroid therapy, she underwent transsphenoidal excision of the pituitary adenoma. Visual abnormalities were completely restored and pituitary function preserved. There was no evidence of impact on the foetus. The literature on the subject is reviewed with emphasis on the management of the apoplectic patient with mild and stable neuro-ophthalmological signs. Learning points There are no clear guidelines on the management of pituitary apoplexy in pregnancy. A multidisciplinary approach can minimise morbidity and mortality. Pituitary apoplexy has an unpredictable clinical course and determining which clinical situations warrant early surgery needs to take into consideration the presence and severity of neurological signs and their stability. The management of conscious apoplectic patients with absent or mild and stable neuro-ophthalmological signs is controversial.

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Primary pineal malignant melanoma

Clinics and Practice ◽

10.4081/cp.2011.e31 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 31 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Oderay Mabel Cedeño Díaz ◽

Roberto Garcia Leal ◽

Cesar La Cruz Pelea

Keyword(s):

Differential Diagnosis ◽

Radiation Therapy ◽

Malignant Melanoma ◽

World Literature ◽

Rare Entity ◽

Rare Tumour ◽

Melanocytic Lesions ◽

The World ◽

Supracerebellar Infratentorial Approach ◽

Visual Abnormalities

Primary pineal malignant melanoma is a rare entity, with only thirteen cases reported in the world literature to date. We report a case of a 70-year-old man, who consulted with gait disturbance of six months duration, associated in the last month with dizziness, visual abnormalities and diplopia. No other additional melanocytic lesions were found elsewhere. The magnetic resonance showed a 25 mm expansive mass in the pineal gland that was associated with hydrocephaly, ventricular and transependimary oedema. The lesion was partially excised by a supracerebellar infratentorial approach. The histological examination revealed a melanoma. The patient received radiation therapy, but died of disease 16 weeks later. We herein review the literature on this rare tumour and comment on its clinical, radiological and histopathological features and differential diagnosis.

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Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome due to hypercalcaemia: a rare cause

BMJ Case Reports ◽

10.1136/bcr-2017-223415 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. bcr-2017-223415 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Nandakrishna Bolanthakodi ◽

Sudha Vidyasagar ◽

Muralidhar Varma ◽

Avinash Holla

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome ◽

Lupus Erythematosus ◽

Seizure Activity ◽

Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy ◽

Common Causes ◽

Accelerated Hypertension ◽

Reversible Encephalopathy ◽

Vitamin D Toxicity ◽

Visual Abnormalities

Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is a clinico-radiological entity described by Hinchey et al in late 90’s, characterised by variable associations of seizure activity, consciousness impairment ranging from confusion to coma, headaches, visual abnormalities, nausea/vomiting and focal neurological signs. Common causes are accelerated hypertension, eclampsia, preeclampsia, cytotoxic drug use and autoimmune diseases like systemic lupus erythematosus.We report a case of PRES in a 62-year-old female patient due to hypercalcemia secondary to vitamin D toxicity on treatment with calcium supplements and vitamin D for secondary hypoparathyroidism. She had seizures and visual defects on presentation which recovered completely with treatment of hypercalcemia.

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