Factors associated with prevalence, awareness, treatment and control of hypertension in urban adults from 33 communities in China: the CHPSNE Study

The aim of this study was to analyze the prevalence of hypertension and control practices among the elderly. The survey analyzed data from 872 elderly people in São Paulo, Brazil, through a cluster sampling, stratified according to education and income. A Poisson multiple regression model checked for the existence of factors associated with hypertension. The prevalence of self-reported hypertension among the elderly was 46.9%. Variables associated with hypertension were self-rated health, alcohol consumption, gender, and hospitalization in the last year, regardless of age. The three most common measures taken to control hypertension, but only rarely, are oral medication, routine salt-free diet and physical activity. Lifestyle and socioeconomic status did not affect the practice of control, but knowledge about the importance of physical activity was higher among those older people with higher education and greater income. The research suggests that health policies that focus on primary care to encourage lifestyle changes among the elderly are necessary.

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Hospital Readmission in Patients With COVID-19

10.21203/rs.3.rs-658872/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Neda Rahimian ◽

Mahshid Heidari ◽

Nahid Hashemi-Madani ◽

Nader Tavakoli ◽

Moammad E Khamseh

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Hospital Readmission ◽

Underlying Disease ◽

Control Groups ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Infection Age ◽

Discharge Plan ◽

Matched Case ◽

And Control ◽

Control Study

Abstract Objective: During the COVID-19 pandemic, the demand for hospital beds has exceeded substantially. Thus, we aimed to conduct this study to identify factors associated with the risk of readmission in order to introduce the best discharge plan for patients with high risk of hospital readmission. Method: This is a multicenter, case-control study included 1357 patients hospitalized with COVID-19 infection. Age-sex-matched case and control groups were paired at 1:2 ratios. COVID-19 readmission rate was assessed. Moreover, Logistic regression analysis was applied to determine the factors associated with readmission. Results: Of the 1357 patients, 99 (7.29%) subjects were readmitted. The most common cause of readmission was respiratory distress. The median (IQR) of the interval between hospital discharge and the second admission was 5 (2-16) days. Upon adjusting with the main risk factors, having at least one underlying disease and being treated with the corticosteroid (GC) were significantly associated with a higher rate of readmission (OR: 2.76, 95% CI :1.30- 5.87) and (OR:8.24, 95% CI :3.72- 18.22), respectively.Conclusion: Identification of Risk factors of COVID 19 readmission will improve resource utilization and patient care.

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Prevalence of and Factors Associated With Depressive Symptoms Among College Students in Wuhan, China During the Normalization Stage of COVID-19 Prevention and Control

Frontiers in Psychiatry ◽

10.3389/fpsyt.2021.742950 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Jincong Yu ◽

Ziyun Yang ◽

Yuqin Wu ◽

Ming Ge ◽

Xuemei Tang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

College Students ◽

Logistic Regression ◽

Online Learning ◽

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Prevention And Control ◽

Psychological Intervention ◽

Binary Logistic Regression ◽

Factors Associated ◽

And Control ◽

At Home

Objectives: The 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) epidemic has led to persistent negative psychological effects on the general public, especially on college students, who are highly susceptible to psychological difficulties, such as fear, anxiety, and depression. Little information is known about depressive symptoms among college students during the normalization stage of COVID-19 prevention and control in China. This study aimed to understand the prevalence of and factors associated with depressive symptoms after a long quarantine time and online learning at home among college students in Wuhan, China.Materials and Methods: A web-based survey was conducted from July to August 2020 during the Chinese summer holiday to collect data on sociodemographic variables, depressive symptoms, and their potential associated factors using an electronic questionnaire among college students in Wuhan, China. The Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) was used to measure depressive symptoms. Binary logistic regression was used to explore the factors associated with depressive symptoms.Results: A total of 9,383 college students were included in the analysis. The prevalence of depressive symptoms was 15.8% (1,486/9,383) among college students. The binary logistic regression showed that the experience of being quarantined for observation or treatment, family members or friends dying of COVID-19, rarely or never seeking help from others, fewer supportive relatives or friends, less support from family in the past month, a worse relationship with parents at home, a longer time spent daily on electronic devices except for online learning, and feeling anxious in the face of returning to school were independently associated with a higher risk of depressive symptoms. Academic stress and concern about the epidemic were the main reasons for their anxiety.Conclusions: Targeted psychological intervention measures are recommended for college students to improve their mental health during the normalization stage of COVID-19 prevention and control.

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CON: COVID-19 will not result in increased antimicrobial resistance prevalence

JAC-Antimicrobial Resistance ◽

10.1093/jacamr/dlaa051 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2 (3) ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Peter Collignon ◽

John J Beggs

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Resistance ◽

Infection Prevention ◽

Developed Countries ◽

International Travel ◽

Infection Prevention And Control ◽

Resistant Bacteria ◽

Healthcare Facilities ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Resistance Rates ◽

And Control

Abstract Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is affected by many factors, but too much of our focus has been on antimicrobial usage. The major factor that drives resistance rates globally is spread. The COVID-19 pandemic should lead to improved infection prevention and control practices, both in healthcare facilities and the community. COVID-19 will also have ongoing and profound effects on local, national and international travel. All these factors should lead to a decrease in the spread of resistant bacteria. So overall, COVID-19 should lead to a fall in resistance rates seen in many countries. For this debate we show why, overall, COVID-19 will not result in increased AMR prevalence. But globally, changes in AMR rates will not be uniform. In wealthier and developed countries, resistance rates will likely decrease, but in many other countries there are already too many factors associated with poor controls on the spread of bacteria and viruses (e.g. poor water and sanitation, poor public health, corrupt government, inadequate housing, etc.). In these countries, if economies and governance deteriorate further, we might see even more transmission of resistant bacteria.

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Testing pigs of non-technified rearing farms for serum antibodies against Taenia solium in a region of the state of São Paulo, Brazil

Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira ◽

10.1590/s0100-736x2016000300001 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 36 (3) ◽

pp. 141-144 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Gabriel A.M. Rossi ◽

Henrique M.S. Almeida ◽

Rafaella P.M. Guimarães-Peixoto ◽

Emílio C. Acevedo-Nieto ◽

Paulo S.A. Pinto ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Taenia Solium ◽

Sao Paulo ◽

The State ◽

São Paulo ◽

Intermediate Hosts ◽

Biological Cycle ◽

Serum Antibodies ◽

Factors Associated ◽

And Control

Abstract: Taenia solium is a zoonotic tapeworm of great importance in developing countries, due to the occurrence of human taeniasis and cysticercosis. Pigs have an important role in the biological cycle of the parasite as intermediate hosts. The scientific literature has been describing risk factors associated with the occurrence of this disease that must be avoided in countries with poor sanitation, in order to reduce the exposure of swine to the parasite eggs. This research focused on testing pigs of non-technified rearing farms for serum antibodies against Taenia solium in the region of Jaboticabal municipality, in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. The found prevalence was 6.82% (CI 95% 4.18 - 9.45) at animal level and 28.87% (CI 95% 16.74 - 40.40) at herd level. These figures are probably associated with low technification adoption during animal rearing in the studied area, which increased the exposure of the animals to risk factors associated with the occurrence of Taenia solium complex. The results found based on serological evidences of swine cysticercosis in the studied region serves as a warning to public sanitary authorities to improve public health and control T. solium.

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FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH HYPERTENSION PREVALENCE, AWARENESS, TREATMENT AND CONTROL AMONG PARTICIPANTS IN THE INTERNATIONAL MOBILITY IN AGING STUDY

The Gerontologist ◽

10.1093/geront/gnv449.03 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 55 (Suppl_2) ◽

pp. 71-71

Keyword(s):

International Mobility ◽

Hypertension Prevalence ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Aging Study ◽

And Control

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Risks and Challenges of Arboviral Diseases in Sudan: The Urgent Need for Actions

Viruses ◽

10.3390/v12010081 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 81 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Ayman Ahmed ◽

Isabelle Dietrich ◽

A. Desiree LaBeaud ◽

Steve W. Lindsay ◽

Ahmed Musa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Viral Genome ◽

Surveillance System ◽

Prevention And Control ◽

Research Capacity ◽

Diagnostic Tools ◽

Published Data ◽

Surveillance Systems ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Arboviral Diseases ◽

And Control

The risk of emergence and/or re-emergence of arthropod-borne viral (arboviral) infections is rapidly growing worldwide, particularly in Africa. The burden of arboviral infections and diseases is not well scrutinized because of the inefficient surveillance systems in endemic countries. Furthermore, the health systems are fully occupied by the burden of other co-existing febrile illnesses, especially malaria. In this review we summarize the epidemiology and risk factors associated with the major human arboviral diseases and highlight the gap in knowledge, research, and control in Sudan. Published data in English up to March 2019 were reviewed and are discussed to identify the risks and challenges for the control of arboviruses in the country. In addition, the lack of suitable diagnostic tools such as viral genome sequencing, and the urgent need for establishing a genomic database of the circulating viruses and potential sources of entry are discussed. Moreover, the research and healthcare gaps and global health threats are analyzed, and suggestions for developing strategic health policy for the prevention and control of arboviruses with focus on building the local diagnostic and research capacity and establishing an early warning surveillance system for the early detection and containment of arboviral epidemics are offered.

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Prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension in southwestern China

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-019-55438-7 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Xiao-Bo Huang ◽

Yang Zhang ◽

Tzung-Dau Wang ◽

Jian-Xiong Liu ◽

Yan-Jing Yi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Educational Achievement ◽

Southwestern China ◽

Cluster Sampling ◽

Multiple Factor Analysis ◽

Antihypertensive Medications ◽

Men And Women ◽

Hypertension Prevalence ◽

Urban Adults ◽

And Control

AbstractThis study investigated the prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension and associated factors among urban adults in southwestern China. The study was conducted from 2013–2014 and used a multistage cluster sampling method to select a representative sample of 11,517 people in southwestern China, aged 35–79 years. Hypertension was defined as either systolic blood pressure of 140 mmHg or greater, diastolic blood pressure of 90 mm Hg or greater, or self-reported current treatment for hypertension with antihypertensive medications. In the study population, hypertension prevalence was found to be 38.4%, with rates of 40.0% and 37.5% for men and women, respectively (p = 0.03). Hypertension prevalence increased with age in both men and women (trend p both <0.01). Among hypertensive patients, 47.9% were aware of their hypertension, 40.1% were undergoing antihypertensive treatment, and 10.3% achieved BP control. A multiple-factor analysis revealed that age, male gender, low educational achievement, family history of hypertension, overweight or obesity, abdominal obesity, and hypertriglyceridemia were positively related to hypertension, while physical exercise was negatively related to hypertension. The prevalence of hypertension among urban adults aged 35 to 79 years in southwestern China was high, while levels of awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension were low. Multifaceted interventional measures are needed to solve the unmet needs.

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