scholarly journals A fluorescent hormone biosensor reveals the dynamics of jasmonate signalling in plants

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Antoine Larrieu ◽  
Antony Champion ◽  
Jonathan Legrand ◽  
Julien Lavenus ◽  
David Mast ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
Spatiotemporal Data ◽  
Plant Responses ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Distribution ◽  
In Planta ◽  
Dynamic Changes ◽  
Abiotic And Biotic Stresses ◽  
Biotic Stresses ◽  
Response To Stress

Abstract Activated forms of jasmonic acid (JA) are central signals coordinating plant responses to stresses, yet tools to analyse their spatial and temporal distribution are lacking. Here we describe a JA perception biosensor termed Jas9-VENUS that allows the quantification of dynamic changes in JA distribution in response to stress with high spatiotemporal sensitivity. We show that Jas9-VENUS abundance is dependent on bioactive JA isoforms, the COI1 co-receptor, a functional Jas motif and proteasome activity. We demonstrate the utility of Jas9-VENUS to analyse responses to JA in planta at a cellular scale, both quantitatively and dynamically. This included using Jas9-VENUS to determine the cotyledon-to-root JA signal velocities on wounding, revealing two distinct phases of JA activity in the root. Our results demonstrate the value of developing quantitative sensors such as Jas9-VENUS to provide high-resolution spatiotemporal data about hormone distribution in response to plant abiotic and biotic stresses.

scholarly journals RESERCH ON SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL DISTRIBUTION OF COLOR STEEL BUILDING BASED ON MULTI-SOURCE HIGH-RESOLUTION SATELLITE IMAGERY

2018 ◽  
Vol XLII-3 ◽  
pp. 2101-2105
Author(s):  
S. W. Yang ◽  
J. J. Ma ◽  
J. M. Wang
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Steel Plate ◽  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
Regional Differentiation ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Distribution ◽  
Spatial Form ◽  
Coupling Relationship ◽  
Steel Building

As representative vulnerable regions of the city, dense distribution areas of temporary color steel building are a major target for control of fire risks, illegal buildings, environmental supervision, urbanization quality and enhancement for city’s image. In the domestic and foreign literature, the related research mainly focuses on fire risks and violation monitoring. However, due to temporary color steel building’s special characteristics, the corresponding research about temporal and spatial distribution, and influence on urban spatial form etc. has not been reported. Therefore, firstly, the paper research aim plans to extract information of large-scale color steel building from high-resolution images. Secondly, the color steel plate buildings were classified, and the spatial and temporal distribution and aggregation characteristics of small (temporary buildings) and large (factory building, warehouse, etc.) buildings were studied respectively. Thirdly, the coupling relationship between the spatial distribution of color steel plate and the spatial pattern of urban space was analysed. The results show that there is a good coupling relationship between the color steel plate building and the urban spatial form. Different types of color steel plate building represent the pattern of regional differentiation of urban space and the phased pattern of urban development.

scholarly journals Developing reliable, repeatable, and accessible methods to provide high-resolution estimates of fishing-effort distributions from vessel monitoring system (VMS) data

2010 ◽  
Vol 67 (6) ◽  
pp. 1260-1271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janette Lee ◽  
Andy B. South ◽  
Simon Jennings
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Monitoring System ◽  
Environmental Assessment ◽  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
Fishing Effort ◽  
Monitoring Systems ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Distribution ◽  
Fishing Activity ◽  
Accessible Method

Abstract Lee, J., South, A. B., and Jennings, S. 2010. Developing reliable, repeatable, and accessible methods to provide high-resolution estimates of fishing-effort distributions from vessel monitoring system (VMS) data. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 67: 1260–1271. Vessel monitoring systems (VMS) are used primarily for fisheries enforcement purposes, but also provide information on the spatial and temporal distribution of fishing activity for use in fisheries and environmental assessment and management. A reliable, repeatable, and accessible method using readily available software for estimating fishing effort from unprocessed VMS data is developed, tested, and applied. Caveats associated with the method are identified, and the biases introduced by our assumptions are quantified. Application of the method provides a high-resolution description of gear-specific fishing activity by UK vessels. An index is developed to describe variation in the spatial pattern of fishing effort generated by different gears. The proposed method for VMS analysis involves removing duplicate VMS records and records close to ports, calculating the time interval between successive records to identify periods of activity, linking each record to a vessel and gear type, differentiating fishing and non-fishing activity, and summing fishing records in time and space to estimate fishing effort. The approach is a step towards the development of standardized methods to facilitate wider exchange and use of European VMS data. A clear audit trail for the methods of VMS analysis already used to inform management needs to be documented.

scholarly journals H2O2-triggered Retrograde Signaling from Chloroplasts to Nucleus Plays Specific Role in Response to Stress

2012 ◽  
Vol 287 (15) ◽  
pp. 11717-11729 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takanori Maruta ◽  
Masahiro Noshi ◽  
Aoi Tanouchi ◽  
Masahiro Tamoi ◽  
Yukinori Yabuta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Retrograde Signaling ◽  
Plant Responses ◽  
Large Set ◽  
In Planta ◽  
Binding Factor ◽  
Signaling Function ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Response To Stress ◽  
Membrane Bound

Recent findings have suggested that reactive oxygen species (ROS) are important signaling molecules for regulating plant responses to abiotic and biotic stress and that there exist source- and kind-specific pathways for ROS signaling. In plant cells, a major source of ROS is chloroplasts, in which thylakoid membrane-bound ascorbate peroxidase (tAPX) plays a role in the regulation of H2O2 levels. Here, to clarify the signaling function of H2O2 derived from the chloroplast, we created a conditional system for producing H2O2 in the organelle by chemical-dependent tAPX silencing using estrogen-inducible RNAi. When the expression of tAPX was silenced in leaves, levels of oxidized protein in chloroplasts increased in the absence of stress. Microarray analysis revealed that tAPX silencing affects the expression of a large set of genes, some of which are involved in the response to chilling and pathogens. In response to tAPX silencing, the transcript levels of C-repeat/DRE binding factor (CBF1), a central regulator for cold acclimation, was suppressed, resulting in a high sensitivity of tAPX-silenced plants to cold. Furthermore, tAPX silencing enhanced the levels of salicylic acid (SA) and the response to SA. Interestingly, we found that tAPX silencing-responsive genes were up- or down-regulated by high light (HL) and that tAPX silencing had a negative effect on expression of ROS-responsive genes under HL, suggesting synergistic and antagonistic roles of chloroplastic H2O2 in HL response. These findings provide a new insight into the role of H2O2-triggered retrograde signaling from chloroplasts in the response to stress in planta.

scholarly journals The Evolution and Functional Roles of miR408 and Its Targets in Plants

2022 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 530
Author(s):  
Yu Gao ◽  
Baohua Feng ◽  
Caixia Gao ◽  
Huiquan Zhang ◽  
Fengting Wen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Plant Responses ◽  
Evolutionary Analysis ◽  
Abiotic And Biotic Stresses ◽  
Evolutionary Pathway ◽  
Functional Roles ◽  
Biotic Stresses ◽  
Cellular Antioxidants

MicroRNA408 (miR408) is an ancient and highly conserved miRNA, which is involved in the regulation of plant growth, development and stress response. However, previous research results on the evolution and functional roles of miR408 and its targets are relatively scattered, and there is a lack of a systematic comparison and comprehensive summary of the detailed evolutionary pathways and regulatory mechanisms of miR408 and its targets in plants. Here, we analyzed the evolutionary pathway of miR408 in plants, and summarized the functions of miR408 and its targets in regulating plant growth and development and plant responses to various abiotic and biotic stresses. The evolutionary analysis shows that miR408 is an ancient and highly conserved microRNA, which is widely distributed in different plants. miR408 regulates the growth and development of different plants by down-regulating its targets, encoding blue copper (Cu) proteins, and by transporting Cu to plastocyanin (PC), which affects photosynthesis and ultimately promotes grain yield. In addition, miR408 improves tolerance to stress by down-regulating target genes and enhancing cellular antioxidants, thereby increasing the antioxidant capacity of plants. This review expands and promotes an in-depth understanding of the evolutionary and regulatory roles of miR408 and its targets in plants.

scholarly journals Insight into the Role of Epigenetic Processes in Abiotic and Biotic Stress Response in Wheat and Barley

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 1480 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lingyao Kong ◽  
Yanna Liu ◽  
Xiaoyu Wang ◽  
Cheng Chang
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Stresses ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Plant Responses ◽  
Abiotic And Biotic Stresses ◽  
Biotic Stresses ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Fine Tune ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Epigenetic Processes

Environmental stresses such as salinity, drought, heat, freezing, heavy metal and even pathogen infections seriously threaten the growth and yield of important cereal crops including wheat and barley. There is growing evidence indicating that plants employ sophisticated epigenetic mechanisms to fine-tune their responses to environmental stresses. Here, we provide an overview of recent developments in understanding the epigenetic processes and elements—such as DNA methylation, histone modification, chromatin remodeling, and non-coding RNAs—involved in plant responses to abiotic and biotic stresses in wheat and barley. Potentials of exploiting epigenetic variation for the improvement of wheat and barley are discussed.

scholarly journals The Role of Tomato WRKY Genes in Plant Responses to Combined Abiotic and Biotic Stresses

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuling Bai ◽  
Sri Sunarti ◽  
Christos Kissoudis ◽  
Richard G. F. Visser ◽  
C. G. van der Linden
Keyword(s):  
Plant Responses ◽  
Abiotic And Biotic Stresses ◽  
Biotic Stresses
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document