scholarly journals Acute psychological effects of Coronavirus Disease 2019 outbreak among healthcare workers in China: a cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Wang ◽  
Simeng Ma ◽  
Can Yang ◽  
Zhongxiang Cai ◽  
Shaohua Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Early Period ◽  
Psychological Effects ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
Event Scale ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Impact

Abstract To study the acute psychological effects of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak among healthcare workers (HCWs) in China, a cross-sectional survey was conducted among HCWs during the early period of COVID-19 outbreak. The acute psychological effects including symptoms of depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) were assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), the Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7) questionnaire, and the Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R). The prevalence of depression, anxiety, and PTSD was estimated at 15.0%, 27.1%, and 9.8%, respectively. Having an intermediate technical title, working at the frontline, receiving insufficient training for protection, and lacking confidence in protection measures were significantly associated with increased risk for depression and anxiety. Being a nurse, having an intermediate technical title, working at the frontline, and lacking confidence in protection measures were risk factors for PTSD. Meanwhile, not worrying about infection was a protective factor for developing depression, anxiety, and PTSD. Psychological interventions should be implemented among HCWs during the COVID-19 outbreak to reduce acute psychological effects and prevent long-term psychological comorbidities. Meanwhile, HCWs should be well trained and well protected before their frontline exposure.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Health Workers' Levels of Intolerance, Impact of Event, Anxiety, Depression, and Somatization in the Early Period of the COVID Epidemic

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
RAHİME HÜLYA BINGOL CAGLAYAN ◽  
İBRAHİM G. BAŞER ◽  
ŞAZİYE SENEM BAŞGÜL ◽  
AKİF AVCU ◽  
FİLİZ MEGA GÜLER ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Early Period ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Impact Of Event Scale ◽  
Event Scale ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Anxiety Depression ◽  
The Impact

Aim: This study aimed to assess uncertainty tolerances and determine the levels of stress, anxiety, depression, and somatization in healthcare workers who fight on the frontline, at the highest risk but seek the least help during the pandemic. Methodology: The data of this cross-sectional study was collected by online delivery of a short form of Health Anxiety Inventory, Patient Health Questionnaire, the Impact of Event Scale, and Demographic Information Form to 106 medical staff consisting of medical doctors and nurses. At the start of the Coronavirus outbreak in Turkey, convenient sampling was used because of the difficulty in reaching healthcare workers. The mean scores of the scales were compared with ANOVA between the study groups. In case of significant differences, Bonferroni posthoc analysis was used to compare the subgroups. Findings: A total of 106 healthcare workers consisted of three groups: the first group; 28 workers who were temporarily not working during data collection; 46 workers working with non-COVID 19 patients in a non-pandemic hospital; 32 subjects working with COVID 19 patients in a pandemic hospital. The working conditions, institution’s type where physicians work for, and whether physicians previously received psychological support showed significant differences between the groups. Conclusions: According to our study results, healthcare workers working with COVID 19 patients reported higher levels of psychological symptoms. This study is crucial to reveal the significant effects of working with COVID 19 patients on healthcare workers’ mental health, especially in the early period of the 2020 epidemic.

scholarly journals Coping Strategies and Psychopathological Responses Among Medical and Non-medical Professionals – a Cross-Sectional Online Survey

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Ciułkowicz ◽  
Julian Maciaszek ◽  
Błażej Misiak ◽  
Anna Pałȩga ◽  
Joanna Rymaszewska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
General Health Questionnaire ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Medical Professionals ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Event Scale ◽  
Medical Career ◽  
The Impact

Background: The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic was announced on March 11th, 2020, due to a surge of newly confirmed cases that significantly impacted populations worldwide, both directly and indirectly. Based on past epidemics research, the mental health implications of introduced restrictions should be expected and adequately addressed irrespective of the practiced profession.Objective: The study aimed to explore psychopathological responses, including post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), concerning coping strategy clusters during the COVID-19 pandemic among medical and non-medical workers.Methods: A cross-sectional web survey of the general population of internet users was performed from March 16th to April 26th, 2020, in Poland during the first peak of COVID-19 cases. A sample of 1,831 professionally active respondents, 64.0% of which pursuing a medical career, filled out General Health Questionnaire-28 (GHQ-28), The Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R), and MiniCOPE, along with the socio-demographic questionnaire exploring personal as well as the work-related possibility of direct exposure to contagion and availability of proper protection, contact with the infected without accurate protective measures as well as the adequacy of workers when compared settings.Results: Individuals labeled with specific clusters had significantly different psychopathological manifestations. Irrespective of performed job maladaptive cluster was associated with significantly higher GHQ-28 and IES-R scores on total subscales and all subscales compared to those representing the non-specific and adaptive cluster. Similar findings were observed concerning the frequency of the GHQ-28 positive score. Moreover, the non-specific cluster was associated with significantly higher GHQ-28 total scores among medical professionals. However, GHQ-28 positive scores were significantly more frequent in medical workers using adaptive clusters when compared to non-specific. Such relations were not observed in the non-medical group.IES-R total and subscales' scores did not significantly vary within medical and non-medical groups when adaptive and non-specific clusters were compared. Pursuing a non-medical career was found to be a determinant of lower scores, while female sex was observed to be determinant of higher scores in both GHQ-28 and IES-R scales.Conclusions: Positive screening for psychopathological and PTSD symptoms was expected regardless of the analyzed groups' coping strategies. Given the dramatically developing situation of the COVID-19 pandemic, support initiatives grounded in research evidence may be essential for maintaining the mental well-being and resilience of both the medical and non-medical workforce.

Is Acknowledgment of Trauma a Protective Factor?

2009 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 249-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Maercker ◽  
Marija Povilonyte ◽  
Raichat Lianova ◽  
Karin Pöhlmann
Keyword(s):  
Protective Factor ◽  
Traumatic Events ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Ptsd Symptoms ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Impact Of Event Scale ◽  
Event Scale ◽  
Potentially Traumatic Events ◽  
Causal Direction ◽  
The Impact

We assessed victims’ status and its relation to self-perceived “social acknowledgment as a victim or survivor” ( Maercker & Müller, 2004 ) in a sample of Chechen refugees living in camps in Ingushetia. A total of 61 Chechen refugees were surveyed using a war-related trauma checklist, the Impact of Event Scale-Revised, and the Disclosure of Trauma Questionnaire. Rates of potentially traumatic events and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) appeared to be very high in this sample: 100% reported one or more potentially traumatic events and over 75% were estimated to have PTSD. As expected, social acknowledgment as a victim or survivor was negatively related to PTSD symptoms. We discuss the possible causal direction of this finding. Our cross-sectional study provides further evidence that social acknowledgment should be regarded as a protective or resource factor in the aftermath of trauma.

scholarly journals Impact of SARS-CoV-2 pandemic among health care workers in a secondary teaching hospital in Spain.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Javier Garralda Fernandez ◽  
Ignacio Molero Vilches ◽  
Alfredo Bermejo Rodriguez ◽  
Isabel Cano de Torres ◽  
Elda I Colino Romay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Prevalence Studies ◽  
Presenting Symptoms ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Secondary Teaching ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Cumulative Prevalence ◽  
Huge Challenge

Background. The COVID-19 pandemic has posed a huge challenge to healthcare systems and their personnel worldwide. The study of the impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection among healthcare workers, through prevalence studies, will let us know viral expansion, individuals at most risk and the most exposed areas. The aim of this study is to gauge the impact of SARS-CoV-2 pandemic in our hospital workforce and identify groups and areas at increased risk. Methods and Findings. This is a cross-sectional and longitudinal study carried out on healthcare workers based on molecular and serological diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Of the 3013 HCW invited to participate, finally 2439 (80.9%) were recruited, including 674 (22.4%) who had previously consulted at the OHS for confirmed exposure and/or presenting symptoms suggestive of COVID-19. A total of 411 (16.9%) and 264 (10.8%) healthcare workers were SARS-CoV-2 IgG and rRT-PCR positive, respectively. The cumulative prevalence considering all studies (IgG positive HCW and/or rRT-PCR positive detection) has been 485 (19.9%). SARS-CoV-2 IgG-positive patients in whom the virus was not detected were 221 (9.1%); up to 151 of them (68.3%) did not report any compatible symptoms nor consult at the OHS for this reason. Men became more infected than women (25% vs 18.5%, p=0.0009), including when data were also classified by age. COVID-19 cumulative prevalence among the HCW assigned to medical departments was higher (25.2%) than others, as well as among medical staff (25.4%) compared with other professional categories (p<0.01). Conclusions. Global impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on HCW of our centre has been 19.9%. Doctors and medical services personnel have had the highest prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection, but many of them have not presented compatible symptoms. This emphasizes the performance of continuous surveillance methods of the most exposed health personnel and not only based on the appearance of symptoms.

scholarly journals Correlation Between Psychological Rumination and Symptoms of Traumatic Stress in Patients with Mild Paralysis in Acute Phase of Stroke: A Cross-sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tetsuya Okihara ◽  
Kohei Koizumi ◽  
Hidetoshi Takahashi ◽  
Mayumi Suzuki ◽  
Tomonori Takeda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Japanese Version ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Impact Of Event Scale ◽  
Event Scale ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background: Research shows that post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) are common in survivors of acute life-threatening illnesses, and rumination is considered to be associated with PTSS. Additionally, post-stroke symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (sPTSD) usually manifest as a type of anxiety disorder after a stroke. This study investigated the prevalence of sPTSD and the relationship between PTSS and rumination.Methods: The participants comprised 29 patients admitted to the Saitama Medical University International Medical Center within one week after experiencing a stroke. The Impact of Event Scale-Revised Japanese version (IES-R-J) and Leuven Adaptation of the Rumination on Sadness Scale Japanese version (LARSS-J) were employed for the evaluation of PTSS, sPTSD, and rumination.Results: The 29 patients (15 males, mean age: 63 ± 11 years) were classified as follows: 17 patients with cerebral infarction, 10 patients with cerebral hemorrhage, and 2 patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage. The ratio of persons with sPTSD (IES-R-J total score > 25) was 34% (10 patients). A significant positive correlation was found between PTSS and rumination (r = 0.460, p < 0.05).Conclusion: The findings indicated that approximately 30% of acute stroke patients experienced sPTSD, and that the severity of PTSS is related to rumination.

scholarly journals Increased psychological distress after the lifting of COVID-19 lockdown in the Saudi population: a cross-sectional study

2022 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hatim Yousef Alharbi ◽  
Sami S. Alharthi ◽  
Ahmed S. Alzahrani ◽  
Mohammed Khalid A. Dakhel ◽  
Ziyad Hussain Alawaji
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Saudi Population ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Impact Of Event Scale ◽  
Coping Capacity ◽  
Event Scale ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Amid the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic and its global health and socioeconomic aftereffects, the enduring state of crisis is increasingly impacting the coping capacity of the populations. In this study, we aimed to characterize the levels of psychological distress after the lifting of COVID-19 lockdown. Results The Impact of Event Scale (IES-R) and Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scales-21 items (DASS-21) were used to screen for post-traumatic stress syndrome (PTSD), depression, anxiety, and stress. The prevalence of PTSD was 41.6% and was associated with severe or extremely severe stress (27.8%), anxiety (31.4%), and depression (39.0%). All disorders were strongly correlated with one another. The risk of developing PTSD was independently associated with residence in high COVID-19 prevalence region (OR = 2.25, p = 0.004), poor (OR = 3.98, p = 0.002), or moderate (OR = 1.63, p = 0.048) self-assessed overall physical health, psychiatric comorbidity (OR = 1.87, p = 0.036), number of COVID-19-like symptoms (OR = 1.94, p = 0.039), and severe COVID-19 morbidity in the acquaintances (OR = 1.54, p = 0.026). Four theories were proposed to explain these high figures, with a discussion of their practical implications. Conclusions The lifting of lockdown measures was associated with a substantial increase in psychological distress among the Saudi population, referring to figures reported during the lockdown. This may indicate a decline in the overall population’s coping capacity with the enduring crisis.

scholarly journals Impact of SARS-CoV-2 pandemic among health care workers in a secondary teaching hospital in Spain

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. e0245001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Javier Garralda Fernandez ◽  
Ignacio Molero Vilches ◽  
Alfredo Bermejo Rodríguez ◽  
Isabel Cano Torres ◽  
Elda Isabel Colino Romay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Healthcare Organizations ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Prevalence Studies ◽  
Presenting Symptoms ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Secondary Teaching ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Cumulative Prevalence

Background The COVID-19 pandemic has posed a huge challenge to healthcare systems and their personnel worldwide. The study of the impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection among healthcare workers (HCW), through prevalence studies, will let us know viral expansion, individuals at most risk and the most exposed areas in healthcare organizations. The aim of this study is to gauge the impact of SARS-CoV-2 pandemic in our hospital workforce and identify groups and areas at increased risk. Methods and findings This is a cross-sectional and incidence study carried out on healthcare workers based on molecular and serological diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Of the 3013 HCW invited to participate, 2439 (80.9%) were recruited, including 674 (22.4%) who had previously consulted at the Occupational Health Service (OHS) for confirmed exposure and/or presenting symptoms suggestive of COVID-19. A total of 411 (16.9%) and 264 (10.8%) healthcare workers were SARS-CoV-2 IgG and rRT-PCR positive, respectively. The cumulative prevalence considering all studies (IgG positive HCW and/or rRT-PCR positive detection) was 485 (19.9%). SARS-CoV-2 IgG-positive patients in whom the virus was not detected were 221 (9.1%); up to 151 of them (68.3%) did not report any compatible symptoms nor consult at the OHS for this reason. Men became more infected than women (25% vs 18.5%, p = 0.0009), including when data were also classified by age. COVID-19 cumulative prevalence among the HCW assigned to medical departments was higher (25.2%) than others, as well as among medical staff (25.4%) compared with other professional categories (p<0.01). Conclusions The global impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on HCW of our centre has been 19.9%. Doctors and medical services personnel have had the highest prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection, but many of them have not presented compatible symptoms. This emphasizes the performance of continuous surveillance methods of the most exposed health personnel and not only based on the appearance of symptoms.

scholarly journals The “Healthcare Workers’ Wellbeing (Benessere Operatori)” Project: A Picture of the Mental Health Conditions of Italian Healthcare Workers during the First Wave of the COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (10) ◽  
pp. 5267
Author(s):  
Valentina Di Mattei ◽  
Gaia Perego ◽  
Francesca Milano ◽  
Martina Mazzetti ◽  
Paola Taranto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Anger Expression ◽  
Maslach Burnout Inventory ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Depression Anxiety Stress Scale ◽  
Impact Of Event Scale ◽  
Event Scale ◽  
The Impact

During the last year, the COVID-19 outbreak put all the healthcare workers around the world at risk of physical and psychological sequelae. The general purpose of the present study was to assess the mental health of Italian healthcare workers during the COVID-19 outbreak and to identify high-risk groups. Here, we present results from the baseline assessment of the “Healthcare workers’ wellbeing (Benessere Operatori)” project on a sample of 1055 healthcare workers. Participants completed the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21, the Insomnia Severity Index, the Impact of Event Scale-Revised, the State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory-2, and the Maslach Burnout Inventory. Healthcare workers who worked in COVID wards reported higher levels of anxiety, insomnia, post-traumatic stress, anger, and burnout, compared to those reported by the healthcare workers who worked in non-COVID wards. Moreover, nurses, both in COVID and non-COVID wards, were at higher risk of experiencing psychological distress compared to other groups of healthcare workers. These findings highlight the importance of implementing targeted psychological interventions for healthcare workers operating in COVID wards and nurses, who seem to be the most vulnerable categories.

scholarly journals The Aberfan disaster: 33-year follow-up of survivors

2003 ◽  
Vol 182 (6) ◽  
pp. 532-536 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louise Morgan ◽  
Jane Scourfield ◽  
David Williams ◽  
Anne Jasper ◽  
Glyn Lewis
Keyword(s):  
General Health Questionnaire ◽  
Adult Life ◽  
Ptsd Symptoms ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Impact Of Event Scale ◽  
Event Scale ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
The Impact

BackgroundExperiencing life-threatening events often contributes to the onset of such psychiatric conditions as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Children can develop PTSD; however, there is controversy over whether PTSD symptoms decrease or persist over time.AimsTo examine the long-term effects of surviving the 1966 Aberfan disaster in childhood.MethodSurvivors (n=41) were compared with controls (n=72) matched for age and background. All were interviewed using the Composite International Diagnostic Interview, measures of current health and social satisfaction, and the General Health Questionnaire. The survivor group also completed the Impact of Event Scale to assess current levels of PTSD.ResultsNineteen (46%; 95%CI 31–61) survivors had had PTSD at some point since the disaster, compared with 12 (20%; 95% CI 10–30) controls (OR=3.38 (95% CI 1.40–8.47)). Of the survivors, 12 (29%; 95% CI 15–43) met diagnostic criteria for current PTSD. Survivors were not at a significantly increased risk of anxiety, depression or substance misuse.ConclusionsTrauma in childhood can lead to PTSD, and PTSD symptoms can persist for as long as 33 years into adult life. Rates of other psychopathological disorders are not necessarily raised after life-threatening childhood trauma.

scholarly journals Determinants of non adherence to tuberculosis treatment in Argentina: barriers related to access to treatment

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 287-298 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Belén Herrero ◽  
Silvina Ramos ◽  
Silvina Arrossi
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Health Care Facilities ◽  
Tuberculosis Treatment ◽  
Care Process ◽  
Access To Treatment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Impact

OBJECTIVE: To identify the association between non-adherence to tuberculosis treatment and access to treatment. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was carried out in the Metropolitan Area of Buenos Aires, Argentina. One hundred twenty three patients notified in 2007 (38 non adherent and 85 adherents) were interviewed regarding the health care process and socio-demographic characteristics. Factors associated to non-adherence were assessed through logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: An increased risk of non-adherence with to treatment was found in male patients (OR = 2.8; 95%CI 1.2 - 6.7), patients who had medical check-ups at hospitals (OR = 3.4; 95%CI 1.1 - 10.0) and those who had difficulties with transportation costs (OR = 2.5; 95%CI 1.1 - 5.9). CONCLUSION: Risk of non-adherence increases as a result of economic barriers in accessing health care facilities. Decentralization of treatment to primary health care centers and social protection measures for patients should be considered as priorities for disease control strategies in order to lessen the impact of those barriers on adherence to treatment.

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