scholarly journals A fast impedance-based antimicrobial susceptibility test

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel C. Spencer ◽  
Teagan F. Paton ◽  
Kieran T. Mulroney ◽  
Timothy J. J. Inglis ◽  
J. Mark Sutton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Mode Of Action ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Susceptibility Test ◽  
Electrical Characteristics ◽  
Label Free ◽  
Broth Microdilution ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Test ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Tests ◽  
Susceptibility Tests

Abstract There is an urgent need to develop simple and fast antimicrobial susceptibility tests (ASTs) that allow informed prescribing of antibiotics. Here, we describe a label-free AST that can deliver results within an hour, using an actively dividing culture as starting material. The bacteria are incubated in the presence of an antibiotic for 30 min, and then approximately 105 cells are analysed one-by-one with microfluidic impedance cytometry for 2–3 min. The measured electrical characteristics reflect the phenotypic response of the bacteria to the mode of action of a particular antibiotic, in a 30-minute incubation window. The results are consistent with those obtained by classical broth microdilution assays for a range of antibiotics and bacterial species.

scholarly journals A fast impedance-based antimicrobial susceptibility test

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel C. Spencer ◽  
Teagan Paton ◽  
Timothy J.J. Inglis ◽  
J. Mark Sutton ◽  
Hywel Morgan
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Starting Material ◽  
Susceptibility Test ◽  
Label Free ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Test ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Tests ◽  
Susceptibility Tests

Abstract There is an urgent need to develop simple and fast antimicrobial susceptibility tests that allow informed prescribing of antibiotics. In this protocol we describe a method for a label-free AST that can deliver results within an hour, using an actively dividing culture as starting material.

scholarly journals Trends in Antibiotic Resistance of Major Uropathogens

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Falah Hasan Obayes AL-Khikani
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Microbiological Methods ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Tests ◽  
Susceptibility Tests

Around the world, there is no population clear from urinary tract infection (UTI), particularly among women. UTI is considered the most predominant bacterial infection. This study aimed to detect the incidence of the most common major uropathogens in patients severe from urinary tract infection with antibiotic sensitivity tests that assist urologist doctors for appropriate antimicrobial empirical therapy.Methods: This study was carried in a private laboratory in Babil city, Iraq from May 2019 to May 2020. Totally 70 individuals suffering from clear symptoms of UTI, as well as, 20 healthy persons participated in this study as a control group. Then, the standard microbiological methods carried out to isolate and identify bacterial species. Antimicrobial susceptibility tests were performed using different antimicrobial discs by applying the Kirby–Bauer disc diffusion method.Results: Totally, 90 specimens were obtained from them 20 control group, 19 with no growth, and 51 patients with bacterial growth distributed as 43 (83%) females and 8 (17%) males. E. coli were the most common predominant organisms. All isolates were showed a high rate of resistance to evaluated cephalosporins 100% and 82% to cefotaxime and ceftriaxone respectively, while very low resistance recorded in Aminoglycosides 20% and 13% to Gentamicin and amikacin respectively. Most age group infected with UTI was 21-40 years old.Conclusion: The current study showed an increasing burden of urinary tract infection caused by various bacteria implicated in UTI that causes changeable sensitivity to various antimicrobial agents. Therefore, in clinical use appropriate medications should be selected based on the data obtained from antimicrobial susceptibility tests.

scholarly journals A Rapid ATP Bioluminescence-based Test for Detecting Levofloxacin Resistance Starting from Positive Blood Culture Bottles

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Atsushi Matsui ◽  
Hideki Niimi ◽  
Yuichi Uchiho ◽  
Shunsuke Kawabe ◽  
Hideyuki Noda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Culture ◽  
Positive Blood Culture ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Bacterial Suspension ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Test ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Atp Bioluminescence ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Tests ◽  
Turbidity Method ◽  
Susceptibility Tests

Abstract Administering appropriate antimicrobial therapy as early as possible is important for rescuing bacteremic patients. Therefore, rapid antimicrobial susceptibility tests in positive blood culture specimens have been diligently sought. Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) bioluminescence-based methods have been used for rapid antimicrobial susceptibility tests. However, blood culture specimens have not been examined in many studies, possibly due to abundant intracellular ATP in blood corpuscles resulting in false-susceptible results. In this study, we developed a rapid ATP bioluminescence-based method for detecting antibiotic resistance starting from positive blood culture. To minimize background ATP originating from blood corpuscles, specimens were centrifuged and the supernatant diluted with broth, and an ATP-eliminating reagent was then added to the bacterial suspension at the beginning of incubation. This newly devised procedure reduced the background ATP by more than five orders of magnitude. In a pilot study using levofloxacin, no false-susceptible results were observed in 15 clinical specimens. Furthermore, the results indicated that the rapid method provided additional information about bacterial activities with high resolution, in contrast to the less-thorough findings with the conventional turbidity method. Therefore, our approach will contribute to the treatment of infectious diseases as a rapid antimicrobial susceptibility test.

scholarly journals Trends in antimicrobial resistance in Europe: update of EARSS results

2007 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
M De Kraker ◽  
N Van de Sande-Bruinsma
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Surveillance System ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Susceptibility Test ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Test ◽  
The Past ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance

For the past seven years (1999 to 2006), the European Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance System (EARSS) has collected antimicrobial susceptibility test results of invasive isolates in humans of seven bacterial species that serve as indicators for the development of antimicrobial resistance in Europe.

scholarly journals Quality Control Guidelines for Disk Diffusion and Broth Microdilution Antimicrobial Susceptibility Tests with Seven Drugs for Veterinary Applications

2000 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 453-455
Author(s):  
Brant A. Odland ◽  
Meredith E. Erwin ◽  
Ronald N. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Disk Diffusion ◽  
National Committee ◽  
Broth Microdilution ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Tests ◽  
Susceptibility Tests

ABSTRACT This multicenter study proposes antimicrobial susceptibility (MIC and disk diffusion methods) quality control (QC) parameters for seven compounds utilized in veterinary health. Alexomycin, apramycin, tiamulin, tilmicosin, and tylosin were tested by broth microdilution against various National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards (NCCLS)-recommended QC organisms ( Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213, Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212, Streptococcus pneumoniae ATCC 49619, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853). In addition, disk diffusion zone diameter QC limits were determined for apramycin, enrofloxacin, and premafloxacin by using E. coli ATCC 25922, P. aeruginosa ATCC 27853, and S. aureus ATCC 25923. The results from five or six participating laboratories produced ≥99.0% of MICs and ≥95.0% of the zone diameters within suggested guidelines. The NCCLS Subcommittee for Veterinary Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing has recently approved these ranges for publication in the next M31 document.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Vitek 2, Phoenix and Microscan for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayesha Khan ◽  
Cesar A. Arias ◽  
April Abbott ◽  
Jennifer Dien Bard ◽  
Micah M. Bhatti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Stenotrophomonas Maltophilia ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Broth Microdilution ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Tests ◽  
Microscan Walkaway ◽  
Vitek 2 ◽  
Susceptibility Tests ◽  
Immunocompromised Hosts

Stenotrophomonas maltophilia causes high mortality infections in immunocompromised hosts with limited therapeutic options. Many U.S. laboratories rely on commercial automated antimicrobial susceptibility tests (cASTs) and use CLSI breakpoints (BPs) for S. maltophilia. However, contemporary data on these systems is lacking. We assessed performances of Vitek2, MicroScan Walkaway and Phoenix relative to reference broth microdilution for trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (SXT), levofloxacin (LEV), minocycline (MIN) and ceftazidime (CAZ), with 109 S. maltophilia bloodstream isolates. Using CLSI breakpoints, categorical agreement (CA) was below 90% on all systems and drugs, with the exception of SXT by MicroScan (98.1%) and Phoenix (98.1%) and MIN by MicroScan (100%) and Phoenix (99.1%). For SXT, Vitek2 yielded a 77.1% CA. LEV and CAZ CA ranged from 67% - 85%. Very major errors (VME) were >3% for SXT (MicroScan, Phoenix), LEV (MicroScan) and CAZ (all systems). Major errors (ME) were >3% for SXT (Vitek 2), LEV (Phoenix) and CAZ (MicroScan, Phoenix). Minor errors were >10% for CAZ and LEV on all systems. Data were analyzed with EUCAST pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic CAZ, LEV, ciprofloxacin (CIP) and tigecycline (TGC) breakpoints when possible. CA was <90% for all. VME were >3% for CAZ (all systems), LEV (MicroScan), and TGC (Vitek2) and ME were >3% for LEV (MicroScan), CAZ (all systems), ciprofloxacin (Vitek2 and MicroScan) and TGC (Vitek 2, Phoenix). Minor errors (MI) were >10% for all agents and systems, by EUCAST breakpoints with an intermediate category (LEV, CAZ, CIP). Laboratories should use caution with cASTs for S. maltophilia as a high rate of errors may be observed.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Resistance Profile Among Major Bacterial Pathogens in Southern Babil, Iraq

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. E202036
Author(s):  
Falah Hasan AL-Khikani
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Appropriate Treatment ◽  
Microbiological Methods ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Tests ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
Susceptibility Tests

Background: At present, drug-resistant pathogens are considered one of the major increasing causes of morbidity and mortality around the world. The data on microorganisms' resistance assist define the best available treatment for patients. Therefore, this study aimed to screen the antimicrobial-resistant profile of different drugs in major clinical pathogens of urine, ear and wound infections. Methods: This study was conducted in Al-Shomali General Hospital, Southern Babil, Iraq from October 2019 to May 2020. Totally 67 clinical specimens obtained from the wound, urine, and ear discharge collected from hospitalized patients as well as 30 healthy individuals participate in this study. Then, the standard microbiological methods carried outperformed to the isolated and identified bacterial species. Antimicrobial susceptibility tests were performed using different antimicrobial discs by applying the Kirby–Bauer disc diffusion method. Results: Totally, 67 bacterial isolates were obtained from 44 (66%) female and 23 (34%) male patients. Staphylococcus aureus and E. coli were the most common predominant organisms. All isolates were showed a high rate of resistance to evaluated cephalosporins 100% and 87% to cefotaxime and ceftriaxone respectively, while very low resistance recorded in Aminoglycosides 22% and 12% to Gentamicin and amikacin, respectively. Conclusion: These results suggest a constant screening for the detection of antibiotic resistance, as well as developing antimicrobial stewardship programs in Babil, Iraq. Moreover, these bacterial isolates have shown multidrug resistance, mainly to commonly administered drugs that could cause therapy ineffective. Therefore, in clinical use, appropriate treatment should be chosen based on the results obtained from antimicrobial susceptibility tests.

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